低渗透裂缝性油气藏非稳态窜流因子研究简

深入分析了常定窜流因子和现有的非稳态因子对于低渗透基质-裂缝窜流的不适应问题,根据对23 个低渗岩心渗流曲线的拟合分析结果,引入了变渗透率系数,并在此基础上推导了非线性扩散方程,也就是低渗透基质-裂缝系统间窜流的控制微分方程;经过无量纲化处理,引入了动边界条件,分别利用积分方法和矩方法导出了非线性扩散方程在前后两个阶段的近似解析解,并在此基础上构建了非稳态窜流因子的表达形式;新的窜流因子可以有效应用于低渗透基质-裂缝系统间的窜流计算,有限元数值模拟的结果验证了新因子在计算非线性非稳态窜流方面的准确性与可靠性.     

浙江天目山石竹笋矿质元素营养成分的研究

对浙江天目山石竹笋中的铁、锰、锌、铜、硒等微量元素和磷、钾、钙、镁、钠等常量元素含量作了测定。结果表明,其铁、锰、锌、铜和磷、钾含量甚为丰富,且明显高于大多数常见蔬菜,为传统名优特产天目笋干的原产地域产品保护和地理标志产品保护提供了新的科学依据。     

无贵金属光催化剂VC/CdS纳米线将苯甲醇选择性氧化为苯甲醛并产氢

太阳能制氢作为一种绿色、实用、可再生的能源生产技术越来越受到人们的关注.传统的光解水产氢通常用三乙醇胺、硫化钠/亚硫酸钠、乳酸、甲醇、抗坏血酸和甲醇等做牺牲剂,这些试剂的加入不仅会污染环境,还会增加制氢成本.而目前完全无牺牲剂体系的产氢效率普遍较低,使得发展经济绿色的牺牲剂体系尤为迫切.通过光催化在单一水性体系中同时生...     

Controllable Synthesis of Inverse Opal TiO2‐x Photonic Crystals and Their Photoelectric Properties

In this study, inverse opal TiO_2‐x photonic crystals (IO‐TiO_2‐x) have been successfully synthesized by a two‐step calcination. The whole synthesis is safe and feasible. Additionly, the reduction degree and the structure of IO‐TiO_2‐x can be precisely controlled. A series of IO‐TiO_2‐x samples with different reduction degree were prepared and characterized. The TEM images show that the obtained samples possess a 3D‐ordered macroporous inverse opal structure. The reduced Ti atoms/oxygen vacancies were confirmed by Raman and XPS spectroscopy. All IO‐TiO_2‐x samples showed better photoelectric properties than those of common TiO₂ which indicates their great potential to be applied to photoelectric fields. The improvement of photoelectric properties is attributed to the efficient electron‐hole separation efficiency induced by moderately reduced Ti atoms/oxygen vacancies. Meanwhile, the 3D‐ordered macroporous inverse opal structure and the band gap are regulated to “capture” more solar energy. This new approach is proven to be a meaningful method to synthesize high‐performance TiO₂ materials.     

g-C3N4 quantum dots-modified mesoporous TiO2–SiO2 for enhanced photocatalysis

Research on Chemical Intermediates - The utilization of TiO2-based photocatalysts for an efficient removal of dye pollutants is limited due to their low surface area, high recombination rate of the...     

γ-Fe2O3磁粉的表面特性

要提高磁带、磁盘等磁记录材料的记录密度,"分散"问题是关键之一,而分散过程中的润湿、磁粉团的解体和粒子的凝聚都直接与磁粉的表面特性有关。本文通过各种极性或非极性液体对密堆积磁粉的渗透速度以及磁粉在这些液体中沉降体积测定,研究了液体对磁粉的润湿特性,估测了它们的接触角;文内还尝试按Fowkes理论假定进行了计算,求得γ-Fe₂O₃磁粉表面张力为:γ_s^d=24dyn/cm,γ_s^p=17dyn/cm,γ_s=γ_s^d+γ_s^p=41dyn/cm。     

Carbon‐Dot‐Sensitized,Nitrogen‐Doped TiO2 in Mesoporous Silica for Water Decontamination through Nonhydrophobic Enrichment–Degradation Mode

Mesoporous silica synthesized from the cocondensation of tetraethoxysilane and silylated carbon dots containing an amide group has been adopted as the carrier for the in situ growth of TiO₂ through an impregnation–hydrothermal crystallization process. Benefitting from initial complexation between the titania precursor and carbon dot, highly dispersed anatase TiO₂ nanoparticles can be formed inside the mesoporous channel. The hybrid material possesses an ordered hexagonal mesostructure with p6mm symmetry, a high specific surface area (446.27 m² g^?1), large pore volume (0.57 cm³ g^?1), uniform pore size (5.11 nm), and a wide absorption band between λ=300 and 550 nm. TiO₂ nanocrystals are anchored to the carbon dot through Ti?O?N and Ti?O?C bonds, as revealed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, the nitrogen doping of TiO₂ is also verified by the formation of the Ti?N bond. This composite shows excellent adsorption capabilities for 2,4‐dichlorophenol and acid orange 7, with an electron‐deficient aromatic ring, through electron donor–acceptor interactions between the carbon dot and organic compounds instead of the hydrophobic effect, as analyzed by the contact angle analysis. The composite can be photocatalytically recycled through visible‐light irradiation after adsorption. The narrowed band gap, as a result of nitrogen doping, and the photosensitization effect of carbon dots are revealed to be coresponsible for the visible‐light activity of TiO₂. The adsorption capacity does not suffer any clear losses after being recycled three times.     

Characterization of Chain Motion and Phase Structure of Aromatic Waterborne Polyurethane Film Using Intrinsic Fluorescence Spectra

The phase structure and macromolecular chain motion of aromatic waterborne polyurethane film were examined by the fluorescence technique. Excimer emission of the phenyls appears at 436 and 468 nm and is temperature dependent, suggesting that the hard segments in the intermediate phase can be locally oriented. Binding energy of the excimer structure determined by the intrinsic fluorescence spectra is 16 kJ/mol. The intrinsic fluorescence technique can supply more information than the DSC method on segment relaxations, including α-relaxation for the hard or soft segments, β-relaxation of small molecular units, crystallization of the soft segments, γ-relaxation of the classical consecutive –CH₂– units, and even phase separation degree.     

Enhancement of photoresponse properties of conjugated polymers/inorganic semiconductor nanocomposites by internal micro-magnetic field

In this paper, the effect of the internal micro-magnetic field (IMMF) on the photocurrent property of conjugated polymer/inorganic semiconductor nanocomposites is reported and analyzed. By using the redox reaction, magnetic Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles were coated on the surface of highly active nanorods of conjugated polyaniline (PANI), forming an internal micro-magnetic electron donor (i.e., Fe(3)O(4)@PANI). After subsequent incorporation of CdS nanoparticles (serving as electron acceptors), the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the system (Fe(3)O(4)@PANI-CdS) was found to be as high as 3.563%, contrasting sharply with the value (1.135%) of the hybrid without Fe(3)O(4) (PANI-CdS). This obvious enhancement originated from the fact that the IMMF increased the number of singlet polaron pairs through field-dependent intersystem crossing (ISC), giving a positive contribution to the photocurrent generation. Additionally, the dependence of the photocurrent on the remnant magnetization of the Fe(3)O(4)@PANI-CdS nanocomposites was investigated. A percolation behavior was observed, which was due to the appearance of interpenetrating networks consisting of donor and acceptor phases, leading to the recombination of charge carriers through trapping. The outcomes of the present work might help to produce a new family of conjugated organic/inorganic semiconductor nanocomposites with designed optoelectronic performances.