Structural Entropy of the Stochastic Block Models

With the rapid expansion of graphs and networks and the growing magnitude of data from all areas of science, effective treatment and compression schemes of context-dependent data is extremely desirable. A particularly interesting direction is to compress the data while keeping the “structural information” only and ignoring the concrete labelings. Under this direction, Choi and Szpankowski introduced the structures (unlabeled graphs) which allowed them to compute the structural entropy of the Erdős–Rényi random graph model. Moreover, they also provided an asymptotically optimal compression algorithm that (asymptotically) achieves this entropy limit and runs in expectation in linear time. In this paper, we consider the stochastic block models with an arbitrary number of parts. Indeed, we define a partitioned structural entropy for stochastic block models, which generalizes the structural entropy for unlabeled graphs and encodes the partition information as well. We then compute the partitioned structural entropy of the stochastic block models, and provide a compression scheme that asymptotically achieves this entropy limit.     

Stereocontrolled enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes using new chiral aminoalcohols

The new chiral β-aminoalcohols of indolinylmethanols ( 1 ) and their reduced derivatives ( 2 ) were synthesized from (S)-indoline-2-carboxylic acid. Both (R) and (S) enantiomers of the optically active secondary alcohols have been successfully obtained in high enantiomeric excess from the stereoselective addition of diethylzinc to the aldehydes catalyzed by the chiral aminoalcohols ( 1 and 2 ). The sense of the asymmetric induction and the degrees of enantioselectivities turned out to be highly dependent on the structure of the catalysts: The presence of the catalyst 1 afforded the (S)-configuration of the corresponding alcohols; on the other hand, the presence of 2 afforded the (R)-configuration of the alcohols in high enantiomeric selectivity.     

正负双向脉冲式爆炸及其诱导的簇发振荡

簇发振荡普遍存在.探索通向簇发振荡的可能路径是簇发研究的热点问题之一."脉冲式爆炸(pulsed-shaped explosion,PSE)"是一种最近被报道的可以诱发簇发振荡的新机制,其特征为平衡点和极限环表现出了与参数变化相关的脉冲式急剧量变.PSE会导致系统轨线急剧跃迁,从而诱发典型的簇发振荡.然而,目前报道的PSE中仅含有"单向的尖峰",未发现"双向的尖峰",且由其诱发的簇发振荡仅含单向的振荡簇.本文以多频激励Rayleigh系统为例,旨在揭示PSE的不同表现形式以及与此相关的簇发动力学.利用频率转换快慢分析法得到了Rayleigh系统的快子系统和慢变量.针对快子系统的分析表明,PSE表现出了较为复杂的动力学特性,其特征是PSE包含了正负双向两个不同的尖峰,此即所谓的正负双向PSE.其急剧量变行为,导致了系统轨线在单个振荡周期内出现正向和负向的多次跃迁,由此得到了由正负双向PSE所诱发的簇发振荡.根据吸引子类型分别揭示了点--点型和环--环型两类簇发振荡模式的产生机制.本文的研究给出了PSE的不同表现形式,丰富了多时间尺度下的簇发振荡的诱发机制.      

茴拉西坦/介孔二氧化硅的制备及释药性能

为了提高难溶性药物的溶出速率,采用水热合成法制备了MCM-41和SBA-15两种介孔二氧化硅载体材料,利用浸渍法将模型药茴拉西坦负载于两种载体上.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、小角X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、红外光谱(IR)、差热-热重(DTA-TG)对载药前后载体材料的表面形貌、粒径、孔径、孔容、比表面积、晶胞参数、骨架结构等进行测试,结果表明MCM-41和SBA-15具有相同的二维六方孔道结构,孔径及孔容分别为3.49 nm和6.67 nm,载药后的载药量分别为17;和22;,药物以非晶态装载于介孔孔道中没有影响介孔二氧化硅的骨架结构,但使介孔孔容及比表面积都有所降低.通过在不同pH溶出介质中负载于载体上的茴拉西坦与原料药晶体的溶出比较发现,两种载体均能够显著提高茴拉西坦的溶出速率.结合材料表征、载药量及溶出度综合比较,SBA-15载体的载药及释药性能均优于MCM-41载体.     

Loading rate and confining pressure effect on dilatancy,acoustic emission,and failure characteristics of fissured rock with two pre-existing flaws

Investigating the dilatancy, acoustic emission and failure characteristics of fissured rock are significant to ensure their geotechnical stability. In this paper, the uniaxial and triaxial compression experiments with AE monitoring under different loading rates were carried out on fissured rock specimens with the same geometrical distribution of two pre-existing flaws. The dilatancy and AE activity of these specimens were discussed, and the effects of the confining pressure and loading rate on the mechanical parameters and failure characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the exponential strength criterion is more suitable than the Mohr–Coulomb strength criterion to characterize the strength characteristics of fissured rock. The crack evolution and failure characteristics of fissured rock specimens are more complicated than those of intact rock specimens. The failure characteristics of the fissured rock follow the tensile shear coalescence model, crack branching occurs with increasing the loading rate, and the multi-section coalescence model is verified with increasing the confining pressure. The phenomena of stress drop and yield platform usually occur after the dilatancy onset, the specimen does not fail instantaneously, and the propagation and coalescence of cracks cause a sharp increase in the AE signals, circumferential strain, and volumetric strain.     

A PENNY-SHAPED CRACK IN A MAGNETOELECTROELASTIC LAYER UNDER RADIAL SHEAR IMPACT LOADING

This paper analyzes the dynamic magnetoelectroelastic behavior induced by a penny- shaped crack in a magnetoelectroelastic layer.The crack surfaces are subjected to only radial shear impact loading.The Laplace and Hankel transform techniques are employed to reduce the prob- lem to solving a Fredholm integral equation.The dynamic stress intensity factor is obtained and numerically calculated for different layer heights.And the corresponding static solution is given by simple analysis.It is seen that the dynamic stress intensity factor for cracks in a magnetoelec- troelastic layer has the same expression as that in a purely elastic material.And the influences of layer height on both the dynamic and static stress intensity factors are insignificant as h/a>2.     

Grinding-assisted heterogeneous nucleation of BiOAc on MoS2 nanoflowers to heterojunction with good visible-light photocatalytic performance

Bismuth oxide subacetate(CH3COO(BiO);BiOAc)with a large band gap energy(Eg)was first applied as an ultraviolet-light-driven photocatalyst in our group.MoS2 nano...     

Lanthanide-mediated tuning of electronic and magnetic properties in heterotrimetallic cyclooctatetraenyl multidecker self-assemblies

The synthesis of a novel family of homoleptic COT-based heterotrimetallic self-assemblies bearing the formula [LnKCa(COT)₃(THF)₃] (Ln(iii) = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) is reported followed by their X-ray crystallographic and magnetic characterization. All crystals conform to the monoclinic P2₁/c space group with a slight compression of the unit cell from 3396.4(2) ų to 3373.2(4) ų along the series. All complexes exhibit a triple-decker structure having the Ln(iii) and K(i) ions sandwiched by three COT²⁻ ligands with an end-bound {Ca²⁺(THF)₃} moiety to form a non-linear (153.5°) arrangement of three different metals. The COT²⁻ ligands act in a η⁸-mode with respect to all metal centers. A detailed structural comparison of this unique set of heterotrimetallic complexes has revealed consistent trends along the series. From Gd to Yb, the Ln to ring-centroid distance decreases from 1.961(3) Å to 1.827(2) Å. In contrast, the separation of K(i) and Ca(ii) ions from the COT-centroid (2.443(3) and 1.914(3) Å, respectively) is not affected by the change of Ln(iii) ions. The magnetic property investigation of the [LnKCa(COT)₃(THF)₃] series (Ln(iii) = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) reveals that the Dy, Er, and Tm complexes display slow relaxation of their magnetization, in other words, single-molecule magnet (SMM) properties. This behaviour is dominated by thermally activated (Orbach-like) and quantum tunneling processes for [DyKCa(COT)₃(THF)₃] in contrast to [ErKCa(COT)₃(THF)₃], in which the thermally activated and Raman processes appear to be relevant. Details of the electronic structures and magnetic properties of these complexes are further clarified with the help of DFT and ab initio theoretical calculations.

A new class of heterotrimetallic COT-based self-assemblies accommodates metals from groups I–III in three different oxidation states and enables tuning of electronic and magnetic properties.     

Stress Relaxation Behaviors of Monocrystalline Silicon Coated with Amorphous SiO2 Film:A Molecular Dynamics Study

Long-lasting constant loading commonly exists in silicon-based microelectronic con-tact,as well as the chemical mechanical polishing area.In this work,the stres...     

Development of a Genus-Universal Nucleotide Signature for the Identification and Supervision of Ephedra-Containing Products

Ephedra plants generally contain ephedrine alkaloids, which are the critical precursor compounds of methamphetamine (METH). METH could cause serious physical and mental damage, and therefore Ephedra materials are strictly in supervision internationally. However, unlawful utilization of Ephedra herbs and its products still exist. Thus, it is imperative to establish a universal method for monitoring Ephedra ingredients in complex mixtures and processed products. In this study, 224 ITS2 sequences representing 59 taxa within Ephedra were collected, and a 23-bp genus-level nucleotide signature (GTCCGGTCCGCCTCGGCGGTGCG) was developed for the identification of the whole genus. The specific primers MH-1F/1R were designed, and 125 individuals of twelve Ephedra species/varieties were gathered for applicability verification of the nucleotide signature. Additionally, seven batches of Chinese patent medicines containing Ephedra herbs were used to test the application of the nucleotide signature in complex and highly processed materials. The results demonstrated that the 23-bp molecular marker was unique to Ephedra and conserved within the genus. It can be successfully utilized for the detection of Ephedra components in complex preparations and processed products with severe DNA degradation. The method developed in this study could undoubtedly serve as a strong support for the supervision of illegal circulation of Ephedra-containing products.