添加有TiO2纳米颗粒的R11池沸腾换热研究

对添加有TiO2纳米颗粒的制冷剂R11在外径为22.4mm紫铜管外的池沸腾换热特性进行了实验研究.池沸腾饱和温度为35℃和40℃,纳米颗粒悬浮液的浓度为0.01g/l和0.05g/l.对铜管圆周上、下、前、后四个部位的局部换热情况进行了测量和可视化观察以及相应的粗糙度检测分析.结果发现,纳米颗粒的添加基本使管上部粗糙度降低,传热弱化,而使下部粗糙度增加,传热强化.就整体换热而言,40℃的强化换热效果好于30℃,0.01g/l的强化换热效果好于0.05g/l.     

魔芋总生物碱量的测定

用酸性染料比色法测定魔芋总生物碱量,以盐酸金刚烷胺计,在2—10μg/mL范围内线性关系良好。设计正交试验选择总生物碱的最佳提取条件为：料液比1：12,乙醇浓度85%,索氏提取4h。     

叶酸靶向复合脂质体中阿霉素和维拉帕米含量的测定

建立叶酸靶向复合脂质体中阿霉素和维拉帕米含量测定的反相高效液相色谱法。阿霉素在0.5—60μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率97.3%;维拉帕米在1.0—50.0μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,平均回收率97.2%。本方法灵敏度高,专属性强,重现性好,操作简便,能准确测定叶酸靶向复合脂质体中阿霉素和维拉帕米的含量。     

UPLC-MS/MS测定土壤中的甲磺隆、苄嘧磺隆残留

建立了超高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测土壤中甲磺隆、苄嘧磺隆残留的方法。土壤中的甲磺隆和苄嘧磺隆经C18固相萃取小柱萃取,然后用Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱（50mm×2.1mm,1.7μm）分离,以0.05%乙酸-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.4mL.min-1,采用正离子电喷雾电离模式测定,外标法定量。本方法简便、快速、准确、可靠,甲磺隆、苄嘧磺隆在1.0—100.0μg.L-1的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数（r）分别为0.9997和0.9999;检出限分别为0.02μg.kg-1和0.03μg.kg-1,回收率为86.2%—96.5%,相对标准偏差不大于5.1%。     

ICP-AES测定口香糖中的7种元素

对比了碱熔法和湿法消解两种不同的方法处理样品,用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定口香糖中的Ti、Mn、Al、Ca、As、Pb、Cd元素。并对结果比较好的湿法消解方法进行了加标回收实验,平均回收率在97.5%—102.5%之间。     

局部方差在图像质量评价中的应用

将灰度图像的局部方差分布（QLS）作为表征图像结构信息的一个重要特征,对局部方差分布矩阵进行奇异值分解,计算得到相应的奇异值特征向量;通过计算降质图像与原参考图像局部方差矩阵奇异值特征向量的夹角大小度量两图像的结构相似度,实现了对降质图像的质量评价。实验结果表明：局部方差分布更能突出图像的结构特征,评价结果优于传统的均方误差（MSE）、峰值信噪比（PSNR）、结构相似度（SSIM）以及直接评价图像像素分布的奇异值分析（SVD）等方法,与人眼视觉感知效果的一致性较好。     

Theoretical and experimental study of laser induced damage on GaAs by nanosecond pulsed irradiation

The surface damage experiments of gallium arsenide (GaAs) single crystal irradiated by 1.06 and 0.53 μm nanosecond irradiations are carried out with fundamental and frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, respectively. The surface damage thresholds for both wavelengths are experimentally determined and the damaged morphologies and elementary component are analyzed with electron probe microanalyzer (EPM). It is found that the components of Ga and As almost keep constant in our experiments when the irradiated fluence is just around the surface damage threshold and no oxygen is found at all. The theoretical calculations on temperature rise for both wavelengths are carried out using the purely thermal model. It is shown that for irradiation with photon energy above the corresponding band gap the theoretical calculation is in good agreement with the experimental results; however, for that with photon energy just below the band gap, the experimental results cannot be effectively explained by the purely thermal heating mechanism. Combining with the experiment of multi-shot damage from references we finally conclude that the damage by laser irradiation with photon energy below the band gap should be explained by the micro-defect accumulation and consequently enhanced absorption heating mechanism.     

300mm平面标准镜装卡结构的关键参数

为了实现大口径平面标准镜的高精结构装卡,对其在重力作用下的面形变化进行了研究。首先,对结构胶的有限元建模进行了理论分析,建立了大口径平面标准镜胶结装卡结构有限元模型。然后,分析了不同胶点数量及分布、不同胶接面积以及不同镜框支撑方式等关键结构参数对参考面面形的影响。最后,设计了大口径平面标准镜胶结及支撑的结构。结果表明,采用胶点直径为5 mm,12×3胶点分布形式胶结时,参考面面形的PV值为24.06 nm,RMS值为6.78 nm,满足了大口径平面标准镜面形精度的要求。     

Study on the interaction between promethazine hydrochloride and bovine serum albumin by fluorescence spectroscopy

The interaction between promethazine hydrochloride (PMT) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in vitro was investigated by means of fluorescence spectroscopy and absorption spectroscopy. The fluorescence of BSA was quenched remarkably by PMT and the quenching mechanism was considered as static quenching by forming a complex. The association constants K_a and the number of binding sites n were calculated at different temperatures. The BSA-PMT binding distance was determined to be less than 8 nm, suggesting that energy transfer from BSA to PMT may occur. The thermodynamic parameters of the interaction between PMT and BSA were measured according to the van’t Hoff equation. The enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) were calculated to be −23.62 kJ mol⁻¹ and −0.10 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively, which indicated that the interaction of PMT with BSA was driven mainly by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds. The binding process was a spontaneous process in which Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) was negative. In addition, the results of synchronous fluorescence spectra and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra showed that binding of PMT with BSA can induce conformational changes in BSA.     

基于LabVIEW的驻波法测量声速的实验模拟

利用LabVIEW编写的测量声速的实验模拟软件不仅模拟了传统物理实验的操作过程,而且还加入了数据处理模块,实验数据采集完成后即可得出实验数据处理结果,可以用于学生实验前的预习与探究,或者实验教学中的演示。