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91.
Amovilli and March (2006) [8] used diffusion quantum Monte Carlo techniques to calculate the non-relativistic ionization potential I(Z) in He-like atomic ions for the range of (fractional) nuclear charges Z lying between the known critical value Zc=0.911 at which I(Z) tends to zero and Z=2. They showed that it is possible to fit I(Z) to a simple quadratic expression. Following that idea, we present here a semiempirical fine-tuning of Hartree–Fock ionization potentials for the isoelectronic series of He, Be, Ne, Mg and Ar-like atomic ions that leads to excellent estimations of Zc for these series. The empirical information involved is experimental ionization and electron affinity data. It is clearly demonstrated that Hartree–Fock theory provides an excellent starting point for determining I(Z) for these series. 相似文献
92.
The flow in a streamwise/wall-normal plane of a turbulent boundary layer at moderate Reynolds number (Re
θ = 2,200) is characterized using two stereo PIV systems just overlapping in the streamwise direction. The aim is to generate
SPIV data for near-wall turbulence with enough spatial dynamic range to resolve most of the coherent structures present in
the flow and to facilitate future comparisons with direct numerical simulations. This is made possibly through the use of
four cameras with large CCD arrays (4,008 px × 2,672 px) and through a rigorous experimental procedure designed to minimize
the impact of measurement noise on the resolution of the small scales. For the first time, both a large field of view [S
x
; S
y
] = [2.6δ; 0.75δ] and a high spatial resolution (with an interrogation window size of 13.6+) have been achieved. The quality of the data is assessed through an analysis of some of the statistical results such as the
mean velocity profile, the rms and the PDF of the fluctuations, and the power spectra. 相似文献
93.
A novel experimental technique for studying the stability of the breakup of a two-phase flow is presented. High-speed backlit
photography is used to capture realisations of the unstable mixing layer, and the edge velocity is derived in order to measure
the effects of parameters such as gas/liquid momentum ratio, Reynolds and Weber Number. This has traditionally been an edge
detection problem that introduces additional uncertainty. Here, a cross-correlation solution is presented, which overcomes
the limitations of threshold techniques. Practical application is demonstrated for an atomising annular liquid sheet under
several conditions. Sensitivity due to edge blurring and noise is quantified by artificial analysis. Sensitivity analysis
shows accuracy and precision to permit sub-pixel precise velocity and stability measurements up to 0.6 sheet thicknesses from
the nozzle exit at the conditions studied. 相似文献
94.
Patricia W. Stege Germán A. Messina Guillermo Bianchi Roberto A. Olsina Julio Raba 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,397(3):1347-1353
Soil microorganisms and enzymes are the primary mediators of soil biological processes, including organic matter degradation,
mineralization, and nutrient recycling. They play an important role in maintaining soil ecosystem quality and functional diversity.
Moreover, enzyme activities can provide an indication of quantitative changes in soil organic matter. β-Glucosidase (β-Glu)
activity has been found to be sensitive to soil management and has been proposed as a soil quality indicator because it provides
an early indication of changes in organic matter status and its turnover. The aims of the present study were to test and use
a simple and convenient procedure for the assay of β-Glu activity in agricultural soil. The method described here is based
on the enzymatic degradation of cellobiose by β-Glu present in the soil sample and the subsequent determination of glucose
produced by the enzymatic reaction using screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SPCE-CNT)
equipped with coimmobilized glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase enzymes. The potential applied to the SPCE-CNT detection
was −0.15 V versus a Ag/AgCl pseudo-reference electrode. A linear calibration curve was obtained in the range 2.7–11.3 mM
with a correlation coefficient. In the present study, an easy and effective SPCE-CNT-modified electrode allowed an improved
amperometric response to be achieved and this is attributed to the increased surface area upon electrode modification. 相似文献
95.
Miguel Alcaide Lidia Lpez Alessandro Tanferna Julio Blas Fabrizio Sergio Fernando Hiraldo 《Electrophoresis》2010,31(8):1353-1356
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genotyping still remains one of the most challenging issues for evolutionary ecologists. To date, none of the proposed methods have proven to be perfect, and all provide both important pros and cons. Although denaturing capillary electrophoresis has become a popular alternative, allele identification commonly relies upon conformational polymorphisms of two single‐stranded DNA molecules at the most. Using the MHC class II (β chain, exon 2) of the black kite (Aves: Accipitridae) as our model system, we show that the simultaneous analysis of overlapping PCR amplicons from the same target region substantially enhances allele discrimination. To cover this aim, we designed a multiplex PCR capable to generate four differentially sized and labeled amplicons from the same allele. Informative peaks to assist allele calling then fourfold those generated by the analysis of single PCR amplicons. Our approach proved successful to differentiate all the alleles (N=13) isolated from eight unrelated birds at a single optimal run temperature and electrophoretic conditions. In particular, we emphasize that this approach may constitute a straightforward and cost‐effective alternative for the genotyping of single or duplicated MHC genes displaying low to moderate sets of divergent alleles. 相似文献
96.
Luis O. Silva Julio H. Toloza 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2008,345(2):661-669
Sampling theory concerns the problem of reconstruction of functions from the knowledge of their values at some discrete set of points. In this paper we derive an orthogonal sampling theory and associated Lagrange interpolation formulae from a family of bounded rank-one perturbations of a self-adjoint operator that has only discrete spectrum of multiplicity one. 相似文献
97.
Genivaldo Julio Perptuo Jan Janczak 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2005,61(3):o165-o167
The crystal structure of the title compound, C4H12N+·C6H3N2O·H2O, is built up from tetramethylammonium cations, 2,5‐dinitrophenolate anions and water molecules. The nitro groups are almost coplanar with the aryl ring, which exhibits significant distortion from an ideal hexagonal form. The X‐ray geometry of the tetramethylammonium cation shows slight distortion from the tetrahedral symmetry predicted by molecular orbital calculations. The O—H⋯O hydrogen‐bonded water and 2,5‐dinitrophenolate units are related by an inversion center and form dimers. The 2,5‐dinitrophenolate anions, related by an inversion center and translation, are stacked to form a column along the [100] direction. 相似文献
98.
99.
An efficient functionalization of the quinolizinium system is reported. The reaction of the four isomeric bromoquinolizinium salts with different organotrifluoroborates afforded alkyl-, vinyl-, aryl-, and heteroaryl quinolizinium derivatives in moderate or good yields. Reactions are carried out in water using a counterion exchange for the isolation of the cationic-coupled compounds. 相似文献
100.