Confinement of THz surface waves on the subwavelength size metal waveguide

We investigate surface plasmon waves propagating on planar Goubau lines, so-called Goubau modes, using a guided-wave terahertz spectroscopy system based on a freely positionable electrooptic probe. We show the radial nature of the Goubau mode and its confinement around the Goubau line over a few tenths of microns (??/10).     

Minkowski operations and vector spaces

Mathematical morphology started as a set of tools for analysing images by the use of transformations based on set-theoretical operations which are the Minkowski sum and subtraction. It was first developed for the analysis of binary images. Its extension to grey-level images was a later development with the extension of the Minkowski operations to real-valued functions in terms of sup-convolution and inf-convolution. The purpose of this paper is to define a type of convolution between set-valued maps, to study its properties, and to establish some associated differential relations. This set-convolution map allows us to extend the Minkowski sum and substraction to multivalued functions and to functions with vectorial values.     

The use of emanation thermal analysis for the investigation of radioactive waste fixation processes

The process of incorporation of radioactive wastes into a suitable matrix to form a stable product for long term disposal has been studied. The changes, occuring during the thermal treatment with glassy materials, i.e. drying, transformation processes, sintering, melting, etc. have been followed using emanation (radon) thermal analysis. This method was found useful in solving the problems of process development.     

Laser-polarized Xe NMR and MRI at Ultralow Magnetic Fields

Laser-polarized ¹²⁹Xe and a high-T_csuperconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) are used to obtain magnetic resonance images in porous materials at a magnetic field of 2.3 mT, corresponding to a Larmor frequency of 27 kHz. Image resolution of 1 mm is obtained with gradients of only 1 mT/m. The resolution of xenon chemical shifts in different physicochemical environments at ultralow fields is also demonstrated. Details of the circulating flow optical pumping apparatus and the SQUID spectrometer are presented.     

The CC stretching band ν6 of allene-d4

The infrared spectrum of C₃D₄ was measured in the region of the paralled band of the CC stretching vibration ν₆ centered at ν₀ = 1920.2332 cm^?1 on a high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer and deconvolved to a linewidth of $\text{～}\text{1}\text{2}$ of the Doppler width (～0.0023 cm^?1). The high resolution reveals the presence of strong perturbations in the K = 4 and K = 8 to 12 levels of the ν₆ upper state. For a quantitative treatment of the observed transitions, a Hamiltonian matrix including six different perturbing states was constructed and used to refine the 6 spectroscopic constants of the ν₆ state and 20 of the constants for the perturbing states. Measurement of the hot band ν₆ + ν₁₁ ? ν₁₁ whose band center is at 1916.200 cm^?1 yielded the anharmonic constant x_6,11 = ?4.033 cm^?1.     

Asymptotic evolution of certain observables and completeness in Coulomb scattering. I

The behavior of the dilation operator in the distant past and future is obtained when it evolves under a unitary group, whose generator is a Schrodinger operator. The total and free evolutions are then compared by their actions on the dilation and position observable. This result is employed to give a simple proof of completeness for scattering by Coulomb-like potentials.     

Temperature and pressure dependence of lattice parameters of the XCu2Si2 compounds (X=Ce,Eu, Yb,La, Gd,Lu, Ca,Th)

The RECU₂Si₂(RE=Rare Earth) series shows pronounced anomalies of the lattice parameters. In those stable valent compounds with 4f orbital angular momentumL0 thec/a ratio shows an anomalous temperature dependence due to crystal field effects. The compounds with unstable valence (RE=Ce, Eu, Yb) show less or no such effects but on the other hand show anomalies of the volume which are temperature dependent. Using these volume anomalies of the unstable valent systems and the measured bulk moduli of the reference compounds we have extracted the valence as function of temperature.Between 4K and 300K the valences of CeCu₂Si₂ and YbCu₂Si₂ change by only a few percent towards 3, while it changes for EuCu₂Si₂ by ca. 20% towards 2. A critical discussion of these valences will be given.     

Die Verteilung der Legierungselemente im Gußeisen mit Kugelgraphit und der Einfluß verschiedener Wärmebehandlungen auf die Verteilung

Zusammenfassung Als erstes Beispiel der Verteilung von Legierungselementen in technischen Eisenwerkstoffen wurde an Hand eines praktisch manganfreien Gußeisens mit Kugelgraphit, das weitgehend dem System Fe-C-Si entspricht, der Einfluß von Wärmebehandlungen verschiedener Art untersucht. Als wesentliches Ergebnis wurde festgestellt, daß unter den Bedingungen technisch üblicher Wärmebehandlungen eine völlig gleichmäßige Verteilung des Siliciums nicht erreicht werden kann. Anderseits erfolgt die Diffusion des Siliciums in bestimmten Temperatur und Gefügebereichen praktisch mit derselben Geschwindigkeit wie die Diffusion des Kohlenstoffes. Die Siliciumverteilung wurde mit Hilfe einer elektronischen Mikrosonde quantitativ gemessen und durch eine Farbätzung qualitativ nachgewiesen.

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Summary The influence of heat treatments of different kinds on the distribution of alloying elements in technical iron industrial materials was studied as a first example in the case of a practically manganese-free cast iron containing nodular graphite, that corresponds very closely to the system Fe-C-Si. The essential finding was that under the conditions of the ordinary technical heat treatments it is not possible to attain a completely uniform distribution of the silicon. On the other hand, the diffusion of the silicon, in certain temperature and structural regions, occurs with practically the same speed as the diffusion of the carbon. The distribution of the silicon was measured quantitatively, with the aid of an electronic microsonde and detected qualitatively through a color etching process.

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Résumé Comme premier exemple de partage des éléments alliés dans les matériaux techniques à base de fer, on a étudié l'influence de traitements thermiques variés à l'aide d'une fonte pratiquement exempte de manganèse, à graphite nodulaire, correspondant beaucoup au système Fe-C-Si. On a établi comme résultat important que dans les conditions de traitements thermiques techniquement habituels, une répartition tout à fait régulière du silicium ne peut pas être atteinte. D'un autre côté, il en résulte la diffusion du silicium dans des domaines de température et de texture déterminés, avec pratiquement la même vitesse que la diffusion du carbone. La répartition du silicium a été mesurée quantitativement à l'aide d'une microsonde électronique et établie qualitativement par une attaque avec coloration.

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Vortrag anläßlich des Kolloquiums für metallkundliche Analyse mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Elektronenstrahl-Mikroanalyse, Wien, 22. Oktober 1964.