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111.
112.
The anodic reaction of Ni in an alkaline solution was studied by the tip–substrate voltammetry mode of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). A platinum microdisc electrode was selected as the tip electrode, which functioned as a pH sensor with transient response capability. The pH value of the solution near the Ni electrode surface varied while the Ni substrate oxidation reaction occurred, and the pH variation could be detected by the tip faradic current. The cyclic voltammogram results showed that two types of hydroxides: i.e. α‐Ni(OH)2 and β‐Ni(OH)2 were formed during Ni oxidation in the lower potential region. In the proceedings of α‐Ni(OH)2 → γ‐NiOOH and β‐Ni(OH)2 → β‐NiOOH, the process of OH? concentration decrease in the solution was ahead and behind of electron transfer in the solid phase, respectively. These results indicate that the OH? adsorption process occurs as an elementary step in the former reaction and the H+ diffusion process from the inner to the outer layer of the solid phase occurs as a subsequent step in the latter reaction. The results also revealed that the oxide film on the Ni surface has a two‐layer structure. The real potential of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the Ni surface with different cycles is also analyzed in the paper. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
113.
A one-step chromatographic method capable of separating all isomers of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) (1-29) conjugates was developed. The unmodified GRF (1-29) and seven different isomers of PEG-GRF (1-29) conjugates were separated by using a simple reversed-phase HPLC method depending on the differences of hydrophobicity due to the number and site of PEG attachment. The PEGylation sites of all isomers of PEG-GRF (1-29) conjugates were identified by determining the molecular masses of the Lys-C digested fragments with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This study is a first report for the separation of all PEG-conjugate isomers and would be useful for further studies to find the promising conjugate by evaluating biological activity and stability of each isomer. 相似文献
114.
H. Moon S. W. Kim J. Lee S. K. Rhee E. S. Choi H. A. Kang I. H. Kim S. I. Hong 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2003,111(2):65-79
As a novel feeding strategy for aptomizing human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) production with a recombinant Hansenula polymorpha DL-1 using the methanol oxidase (MOX) promoter in H. polymorpha DL-1, independent exponential feeding of two substrates was used. A simple kinetic model considering the cell growth on two
substrates was established and used to calculate the respective feeding rates of glycerol and methanol. In the fedbatch culture
with methanol-only feeding, the optimal set point of specific growth rate on methanol was found to be 0.10 h−1. When the fed-batch cultures were conducted by the independent feeding of glycerol and methanol, the actual specific growth
rate on glycerol and methanol was slightly lower than the set point of specific growth rate. By the uncoupled feeding of glycerol
and methanol the volumetric productivity of hEGF increased from 6.4 to 8.0 mg/(L·h), compared with methanol-only feeding. 相似文献
115.
原油乳状液破乳的动态法研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The stability of different crude oil emulsions from ASP flooding production well is studied by the method of a stirred tank. The demulsifying of crude-oil emulsion by different demulsifying agents is discussed. The breakage of the crude oil emulsions from the well PO11 by the different types and concentrations of the emulsifying agents is also discussed. The breaking mechanism of the demulsifying agent is described microscopically. 相似文献
116.
Kang De Yao Tao Peng Han Bao Feng Yu Ying He 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1994,32(7):1213-1223
The aqueous swelling kinetics of a series of crosslinked chitosan (cr-CS) with glutaraldehyde (GA) interpenetrating polyether hydrogels have been studied as functions of pH, the N-deacetylation degree of chitosan, the amount of crosslinking agent, the electrolyte composition in solution, temperature, and gel composition. Based on these results, the swelling mechanism of the hydrogels was discussed. The release profiles of chlorhexidini acetas from the semi-IPN were also investigated. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
117.
Sungzong Kang 《Journal of Molecular Structure》1973,17(1):127-142
The energy calculations using the INDO molecular orbital method and classical potential function show that the syn conformation of pyrimidine nucleosides having the C(2')-endo or C(2')-endo-C(3')-endo sugar ring puckering is as stable as the corresponding anti form.The O(2')-O(2') base-ribose hydrogen bonding significantly alters the ΦCN conformation by confining the allowed ΦCN ranges to about 150–210°. 相似文献
118.
Surface composition and property of film prepared with aqueous dispersion of polyurethaneurea-acrylate including fluorinated block copolymer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aqueous dispersion of polyurethaneurea-acrylate (PUA) including small amount of fluorinated block copolymers containing carboxyl groups (PATF), which can be dissolved in water, was used to make films and the surface properties of these films were examined. The experimental data show that the modified PUA film exhibits a hydrophobic surface property, although the original surface of PUA film is hydrophilic. The surface composition of the modified PUA film was measured by ATR and XPS. The results indicate that there is a concentration gradient of the fluorine groups along the lines of thickness of the modified film and towards the outmost surface layer, resulting from the migration of fluorinated blocks to the air side surface of the modified PUA film during the film formation process. However, the PUA film can not be modified effectively by adding the sodium salt of PATF, since the urethane groups in the system are easy to occupy on the surface of the film. 相似文献
119.
皮革中六价铬含量的IUC-18测定法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Cr(III)是制革业最重要的鞣剂 ,制革业所用的Cr(III)鞣剂由Cr(VI)还原而得到。皮革中除Cr(III)外 ,还可能含有微量的Cr(VI) ,目前欧盟等国要求Cr(VI)的含量小于 5mg/kg[1 ] ;国内则还没有分析测定皮革中六价铬的国家标准 ,本文介绍六价铬的IUC - 1 8国际标准分析方法 (IUC ,Inter nationalUnionofChemistry) ,并分析了该方法的不足及改进途径。1 实验部分pH7 5~ 8 0、惰性气体保护下用磷酸盐缓冲溶液浸取皮革的六价铬 ,六价铬将 1 ,5 二苯卡巴肼氧化为 1 ,5 二苯… 相似文献
120.
Oxygen is electroreduced to water on a carbon cathode coated with wired bilirubin oxidase in a pH 7.4 0.15 M NaCl phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C at much lesser polarization than it is on a pure platinum cathode in 0.5 M H2SO4. While the wired bilirubin oxidase cathode operates for over a week in the aerated or oxygenated buffer solution, it is degraded rapidly when in serum. We reported earlier that in the presence of O2 an intermediate product of the electrooxidation of urate, which is a normal serum component, irreversibly damages the wired bilirubin oxidase and also reported that the electrocatalyst is irreversibly damaged, in the absence of urate, when it is brought, by disconnecting the electrode, to the O2/H2O half cell potential at pH 7.4. Here we report that a) dissolved bilirubin oxidase is irreversibly and rapidly damaged by urate in the presence of O2; and b) that the immobilized wired bilirubin oxidase electrocatalyst is not only irreversibly deactivated by urate in the presence of O2 in a few hours, but is initially reversibly deactivated, in 1 min or less, by the urate in the presence of O2. 相似文献