A study of the interaction between enantiomers of zolmitriptan and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin by capillary electrophoresis

The enantioresolution of zolmitriptan was performed using cyclodextrin (CD)-modified capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) as the chiral selector. The influence of experimental conditions on the enantioseparation of zolmitriptan, such as pH, temperature, applied voltage, and concentrations of running electrolyte and CD, was systematically investigated, obtaining a baseline separation of two enantiomers by the use of a 25 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate (SDPH) running electrolyte (pH 2.4) containing 30 mM HP-β-CD at 15 °C. Binding constants for each enantiomer–HP-β-CD pair at different temperatures, as well as thermodynamic parameters for binding, were calculated. A nonlinear van’t Hoff plot was obtained, indicating that the thermodynamic parameters of complexation were temperature-dependent for zolmitriptan enantiomers. The significant contribution of the enthalpy difference to the Gibbs free energy change suggested a stereomeric barrier mechanism for chiral recognition. Figure Resolution of zolmitriptan enantiomers was achieved by using CD-modified CZE Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Effect of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> surface modification in Rhodamine B photodegradation

Commercial TiO₂ nanoparticles were superficially modified through polymeric resins obtained from polymerization of citrate complexes of Y³⁺ and Al³⁺ with ethylenglycol. The materials were treated at 450 °C for 4 h to obtain modified nanoparticles, which were characterized by HR-TEM, Zeta potential and surface area through N₂ fisisorption. Rhodamine B photodegradation by visible light irradiation and in presence of those modified nanoparticles was compared with the same process in presence of unmodified commercial TiO₂ nanoparticles. It was observed, by UV–visible spectroscopy, that the catalytic photoactivity in presence of modified nanoparticles was smaller than that observed with commercial TiO₂ nanoparticles. However, the surface modifier played an important role in the photodegradation kinetic process, showing a non-linear relation between modifier amount and photodegradation rate, presenting a maximum value at 0.8% (w/w).     

A synthesis of diethyl alkylsulfanylmethylmalonates catalyzed by KOH in an ionic liquid

Abstract  1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was used as a green recyclable alternative to volatile organic solvents for KOH catalyzed three-component synthesis of diethyl alkylsulfanylmethylmalonates from aldehydes, diethyl malonate, and alkylthiols. Graphical Abstract  A synthesis of diethyl alkylsulfanylmethylmalonates catalyzed by KOH in an ionic liquid      

Aqueous germanate solution,alternative sol–gel precursor for preparation of Mn<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Ge<Subscript>1−<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> diluted magnetic semiconductors

The solids content and gelation time of aqueous germanate solution were examined in this work. Samples of 5, 10 and 20 mol% Mn doped Ge were prepared by using the aqueous germanate solution as a liquid Ge precursor. No second phase such as Mn₅Ge₃ was detected in the 5 and 10 mol% Mn doped samples, implying that Mn ions were uniformly diluted into the Ge host matrix. The 5 and 10 mol% Mn-doped Ge samples exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetic behaviors that are likely originated from the RKKY (Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida)-like interaction between the localized Mn ions in the Ge matrix. Therefore, the aqueous germanate solution can be an alternative sol–gel precursor for preparation of the Mn _x Ge_1−x diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs).     

Thermal degradation of CTAB in as-synthesized MCM-41

Thermal evacuation of a surfactant template from pure siliceous MCM-41 and MCM-41 containing aluminium in hydrogen flow was investigated. Micelle templated MCM-41 were prepared using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The products of thermal surfactant degradation outside and inside pores were identified at various temperatures using ¹³C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and temperature programmed desorption coupled with mass spectrometer (TPD-MS). The GC-MS and ¹³C MAS NMR results obtained from this study provide an insight into the mechanism of surfactant transformation during MCM-41 synthesis on molecular level.     

Effect of acidity on the formation of silica–chitosan hybrid materials and thermal conductive property

In this study, the formation of silica–chitosan hybrid materials via sol–gel process under pH values of 2–6 were investigated using N₂ sorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermal analysis and zeta potential analyzer. The hierarchical structure consisting of meso- and macropore was formed when pH value was higher than 2. Mesopores were formed as the interparticle channels of silica nanoparticles aggregates, whereas macropores were the void between the aggregates (clusters). The clusters size was decreased with increasing the pH value, resulting in the increase of the macroporosity. The thermal conductivity of the products was controlled in the range of 0.06 and 0.13 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ by varying the product porosity between 88 and 69% (pH 6 and pH 2, respectively).