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991.
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Matthew J. Montgomery Hyunguk Kwon Jochen A.H. Dreyer Yuan Xuan Charles S. McEnally Lisa D. Pfefferle 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2021,38(2):2497-2505
Due to issues surrounding carbon dioxide emissions from carbon-containing fuels, there is growing interest in ammonia (NH3) as an alternative combustion fuel. One attractive method of burning NH3 is to co-fire it with hydrocarbons, such as natural gas, and in this case soot formation is possible. To begin understanding the influence of NH3 on soot formation when co-fired with hydrocarbons, soot volume fractions and mole fractions of gas-phase species were computationally and experimentally interrogated for CH4 flames with up to 40% NH3 by volumetric fuel fraction. Mole fractions of gas-phase species, including C2H2 and C6H6, were measured with on-line electron impact mass spectrometry, and soot volume fractions were obtained via color-ratio pyrometry. The simulations employed a detailed chemical mechanism developed for capturing nitrogen interactions with hydrocarbons during combustion. The results are compared to findings in N2CH4 flames, in order to separate thermal and dilution effects from the chemical influence of NH3 on soot formation. Experimentally, C2H2 concentrations were found to decrease slightly for the NH3CH4 flames relative to N2CH4 flames, and a stronger suppression of C6H6 was found for NH3 relative to N2 additions. The measured results show a strong suppression of soot with the addition of NH3, with soot concentrations reduced by over a factor of 10 with addition of up to 20% or more NH3 by mole fraction. The model satisfactorily captured relative differences in maximum centerline C2H2, C6H6, and soot concentrations with addition of N2, but was unable to match measured differences in NH3CH4 flames. These results highlight the need for an improved understanding of fuel-nitrogen interactions with higher hydrocarbons to enable accurate models for predicting particulate emissions from NH3/hydrocarbon combustion. 相似文献
994.
Sonja Geilert Jochen Vogl Martin Rosner Thomas Eichert 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2019,33(13):1137-1147
995.
Dr. Jochen Ortmeyer Alexander Bodach Lesia Sandig-Predzymirska Dr. Bodo Zibrowius Prof. Dr. Florian Mertens Dr. Michael Felderhoff 《Chemphyschem》2019,20(10):1360-1368
Two approaches for the synthesis of the triethylenediamine (TEDA) ⋅ AlH3 adduct have been discovered. Both, the mechanochemical procedure and the wet chemical method lead to crystalline products. Starting from metallic Al powder and TEDA, ball milling under a pressure of 100 bar H2 facilitates a direct hydrogenation of aluminum with conversions up to 90 %. Structure determination from X-ray powder diffraction data revealed an 1-D-coordination polymer of the type [TEDA−AlH3]n. Furthermore, solid-state NMR techniques have been applied to analyze composition and structure of the products. Due to the polymeric arrangement, an enhanced stability of the material occurred which was investigated by thermal analysis showing a decomposition located above 200 °C. Overall, the stabilization of AlH3 by TEDA holds promise for hydrogen storage applications. 相似文献
996.
In this paper we relate the generator property of an operator A with (abstract) generalized Wentzell boundary conditions on a Banach space X and its associated (abstract) Dirichlet‐to‐Neumann operator N acting on a “boundary” space . Our approach is based on similarity transformations and perturbation arguments and allows to split A into an operator A00 with Dirichlet‐type boundary conditions on a space X0 of states having “zero trace” and the operator N. If A00 generates an analytic semigroup, we obtain under a weak Hille–Yosida type condition that A generates an analytic semigroup on X if and only if N does so on . Here we assume that the (abstract) “trace” operator is bounded that is typically satisfied if X is a space of continuous functions. Concrete applications are made to various second order differential operators. 相似文献
997.
Dr. Gaurab Ganguly Dr. Dumitru-Claudiu Sergentu Prof. Dr. Jochen Autschbach 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(8):1776-1788
Relativistic multireference ab initio wave function calculations with the restricted active space second-order perturbation theory (RASPT2) were performed on thorocene and uranocene to determine the actinide N4,5-edge and carbon K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) intensities and the metal–ligand orbital mixing in the ground state and core-excited states. Calculated spectral intensities show very good agreement with the experiments and therefore allow detailed and unambiguous assignment of the observed spectral features. φ-type covalent bonding or antibonding interactions are observed for thorocene in the core-excited states, though not in the ground state. This is because the molecular orbital of φ symmetry, which is the in-phase combination of the ligand Lφ and the Th 5fφ orbitals, can be populated with electrons in core-excited states, whereas it is essentially unoccupied in the ground state. For uranocene, the XANES spectra do not reveal much information beyond multiplet broadening, despite the presence of distinct peaks in the spectra. Every core-excited peak is best characterized by its own set of bond orbitals, as the excited state covalency is clearly different from the ground state covalency. 相似文献
998.
Etienne S. Gauthier Dr. Laura Abella Dr. Nora Hellou Dr. Benoît Darquié Dr. Elsa Caytan Dr. Thierry Roisnel Dr. Nicolas Vanthuyne Dr. Ludovic Favereau Dr. Monika Srebro-Hooper Prof. J. A. Gareth Williams Prof. Jochen Autschbach Dr. Jeanne Crassous 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(22):8472-8478
The first enantiopure chiral-at-rhenium complexes of the form fac-ReX(CO)3(:C^N) have been prepared, where :C^N is a helicene-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand and X=Cl or I. These have complexes show strong changes in the emission characteristics, notably strongly enhanced phosphorescence lifetimes (reaching 0.7 ms) and increased circularly polarized emission (CPL) activity, as compared to their parent chiral models lacking the helicene unit. The halogen along with its position within the dissymmetric stereochemical environment strongly affect the photophysics of the complexes, particularly the phosphorescence quantum yield and lifetime. These results give fresh insight into fine tuning of photophysical and chiroptical properties of Re-NHC systems. 相似文献
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