全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1496篇 |
免费 | 70篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1283篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 13篇 |
数学 | 108篇 |
物理学 | 162篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 61篇 |
2021年 | 97篇 |
2020年 | 37篇 |
2019年 | 39篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 65篇 |
2015年 | 50篇 |
2014年 | 58篇 |
2013年 | 106篇 |
2012年 | 121篇 |
2011年 | 131篇 |
2010年 | 67篇 |
2009年 | 68篇 |
2008年 | 96篇 |
2007年 | 98篇 |
2006年 | 64篇 |
2005年 | 86篇 |
2004年 | 61篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1963年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1571条查询结果,搜索用时 968 毫秒
201.
Dariusz Marek Adam Domaski Joanna Domaska Jakub Szygua Tadeusz Czachrski Jerzy Klamka 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,23(5)
In this article, a way to employ the diffusion approximation to model interplay between TCP and UDP flows is presented. In order to control traffic congestion, an environment of IP routers applying AQM (Active Queue Management) algorithms has been introduced. Furthermore, the impact of the fractional controller and its parameters on the transport protocols is investigated. The controller has been elaborated in accordance with the control theory. The TCP and UDP flows are transmitted simultaneously and are mutually independent. Only the TCP is controlled by the AQM algorithm. Our diffusion model allows a single TCP or UDP flow to start or end at any time, which distinguishes it from those previously described in the literature. 相似文献
202.
Faisal Zeeshan Joanna Hoszowska Jean-Claude Dousse Dimosthenis Sokaras Tsu-Chien Weng Roberto Alonso-Mori Matjaz Kavčič Mauro Guerra Jorge Miguel Sampaio Fernando Parente Paul Indelicato José Pires Marques José Paulo Santos 《X射线光谱测定》2019,48(5):351-359
We report on measurements of the Kβ diagram, valence-to-core (VtC), and hypersatellite X-ray spectra induced in metallic Cr by photon single and double K-shell ionization. The experiment was carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource using the seven-crystal Johann-type hard X-ray spectrometer of the beamline 6-2. For the Kβ diagram and VtC transitions, the present study confirms the line shape features observed in previous works, whereas the Khβ hypersatellite transition was found to exhibit a complex spectral line shape and a characteristic low-energy shoulder. The energy shift of the hypersatellite relative to the parent diagram line was deduced from the measurements and compared with the result of extensive multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock (MCDF) calculations. A very good agreement between experiment and theory was found. The MCDF calculations were also used to compute the theoretical line shape of the hypersatellite. A satisfactory agreement was obtained between the overall shapes of the experimental and theoretical spectra, but deviations were observed on the low- and high-energy flanks of the hypersatellite line. The discrepancies were explained by chemical effects, which were not considered in the MCDF calculations performed for isolated atoms. 相似文献
203.
Versatile Bisethynyl[60]fulleropyrrolidine Scaffolds for Mimicking Artificial Light‐Harvesting Photoreaction Centers 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Adrian Kremer Dr. Emerance Bietlot Dr. Alberto Zanelli Dr. Joanna M. Malicka Dr. Nicola Armaroli Prof. Dr. Davide Bonifazi 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(3):1108-1117
Fullerene‐based tetrads, triads, and dyads are presented in which [60]fulleropyrrolidine synthons are linked to an oligo(p‐phenyleneethynylene) antenna at the nitrogen atom and to electron‐donor phenothiazine (PTZ) and/or ferrocene (Fc) moieties at the α carbon of the pyrrolidine cycle through an acetylene spacer. Cyclic voltammetry and UV/ Vis absorption spectra evidence negligible ground‐state electronic interactions among the subunits. By contrast, strong excited‐state interactions are detected upon selective light irradiation of the antenna (UV) or of the fullerene scaffold (Vis). When only PTZ is present as electron donor, photoinduced electron transfer to the fullerene unit is unambiguously detected in benzonitrile, but this is not the case when Fc is part of the multicomponent system. These results suggest that Fc is a formidable energy transfer quencher and caution should be used in choosing it as electron donor to promote efficient charge separation in multicomponent arrays. 相似文献
204.
205.
206.
Joanna Brzeska Magda Morawska Aleksandra Heimowska Wanda Sikorska Wojciech Wałach Anna Hercog Marek Kowalczuk Maria Rutkowska 《Chemical Papers》2018,72(5):1249-1256
The surface morphology and thermal properties of polyurethanes can be correlated to their chemical composition. The hydrophilicity, surface morphology, and thermal properties of polyurethanes (differed in soft segments and in linear/cross-linked structure) were investigated. The influence of poly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate) presence in soft segments and blending of polyurethane with polylactide on surface topography were also estimated. The linear polyurethanes (partially crystalline) had the granular surface, whereas the surface of cross-linked polyurethanes (almost amorphous) was smooth. Round aggregates of polylactide un-uniformly distributed in matrix of polyurethane were clearly visible. It was concluded that some modification of soft segment (by mixing of poly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate) with different polydiols and polytriol) and blending of polyurethanes with small amount of polylactide influence on crystallinity and surface topography of obtained polyurethanes. 相似文献
207.
Axial chirality of biaryls is found in natural products, bioactive molecules, ligands and catalysts and their synthesis is therefore highly appealing. Thus, the atroposelective palladium-catalyzed C-H functionalization of chiral biaryl sulfoxides was extended to a direct arylation reaction, affording ortho-terphenyls bearing one atropisomeric axis. The high stereoselectivities, good yields and operational simplicity, along with the traceless character of the sulfoxide moiety allows access to a wide range of optically active o-terphenyls. 相似文献
208.
209.
210.
Wujec M Siwek A Dzierzawska J Rostkowski M Kaminski R Paneth P 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2008,112(39):12414-12419
The influence of the implicit solvent model on transition state structures of two S N2 reactions of biochemical importance is presented. In the considered methyl transfer reaction, we show experimentally that the rate constant in blood serum is about 60% slower than in the aqueous solution and that the implicit solvent model with slightly modified parameters for water captures correctly the energetics of this reaction. With the example of the reaction between 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione and ethyl bromoacetate, we show that relative stabilities of the conformationally different transition states depend upon the solvent inclusion strategy. 相似文献