Biomimetic reactions of some macrocyclic diterpenes

Some macrocyclic diterpenes derived from euphohelioscopin A and euphornin have been stereoselectively converted into the jatropholane- and daphnane-type compounds and the known tricyclic compound which has been treated with phCOCl - pyridine to afford euphohelionone, the new type of diterpene isolated from euphorbia helioscopia L.     

A pinhole-plate ultrasonic atomizer

A new pinhole-plate ultrasonic atomizer has been proposed and developed. A pinhole-plate having one or more pinholes is joined to a cavity filled with liquid and is vibrated by a circular ring piezoelectric element bonded onto it. The vibrating plate generates ultrasonic waves only in the vicinity of the pinholes to jet and atomize the liquid from them. The atomizer is very simple and compact, and extremely low in power consumption.     

Differences in the reaction of electron deficient olefins with organocopper(I)-Lewis acid reagents and evidence for a dianionic equivalent

Treatment of diethyl fumarate and triethoxycarbonylethylene with Bu₂CuLi·AlCl₃ led to 1,4-addition to give butylated products in high yields. In sharp contrast, diethyl maleate and tetraethoxycarbonylethylene predominantly gave the respective reduction products. The first evidence for a presumed dianionic intermediate by trapping with some electrophiles was also presented.     

The arrival direction of (4/3) e -lepton candidates in celestial coordinates

Summary A cosmic-ray counter telescope (OKAYAMA telescope) has been operated at several zenith angles at sea level. Several millions of clean single events have been analysed. About thirty candidates of (4/3)e charged leptons were found at around 40° zenith angles. The distribution of the arrival directions of these candidates in the celestial sphere was found to be anisotropic.     

Observation of magnetic multilayers by electron holography.

Magnetic structures of Co/Cu multilayers in cross section are observed by two kinds of electron holography: a Fourier method and a phase-shifting method, which is introduced briefly. The Fourier method can easily reconstruct wave functions and is applied to many specimens, whereas the phase-shifting method requires longer time for processing, but has a higher spatial resolution that permits us to discuss fine structures. Magnetization vectors in Co layers aligning parallel and separating into two blocks with antiparallel alignment are observed. Magnetic blurring on the boundary between Co and Cu in the reconstructed phase images is larger than the estimated atomic roughness.     

Activity Measurements of Solid Ni–In Alloys by EMF Method with Zirconia Solid Electrolyte

The EMF of galvanic cells with stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte was measured to determine the activity of indium in solid Ni–In alloys in the temperature range of 970–1170 K and composition range of 5–55 mol% In. Activity of indium increases sharply in the ζ phase and Ni₁₃In₉ phase. The activity values are compared with literature data.