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51.
光谱质量、样本个体差异、检测系统和建模算法等多种因素共同决定水果糖度检测模型的预测精度和稳定性。采用自主研发的短积分全透射近红外在线检测系统以5 ms积分时间和0.5 m·s-1运行速度在线获取了“富士”苹果全透射光谱信号。不同姿态获取的透射光谱强度差异明显,但曲线走势相近,均在920 nm波段具有最大的光谱强度,在850 nm波段存在波谷。采用移动平均平滑、标准正态变量变换和多元散射校正等预处理方法有效去除原始光谱的随机噪声和基线偏差,减小了样本检测姿态引起的光谱差异。为分析不同检测姿态对苹果整果糖度预测模型的影响,构建了单一姿态局限模型和多姿态通用模型,结果表明基于全位点平均透射光谱构建的单一姿态局限模型对检测姿态具有很大的局限性,而多姿态通用模型预测能力较单一检测姿态相当,但却对不同的检测姿态具有更强的适用能力。为进一步提高光谱信号质量,优化模型预测能力,采用信号强度阈值优选方法实现了苹果整果糖度预测模型优化,发现移除中央位点获取的透射光谱信号,有利于提高苹果整果糖度预测模型精度。多姿态通用信号强度优化模型综合考虑不同姿态获取的光谱信息有效性,有效提升了通用信号强度优化模型的预测能力和稳定性,当多姿态通用模型中信号强度阈值为5 000时,模型预测性能最佳,其预测参数Rp,RMSEP和RPD分别为0.79,0.84%和1.58。表明短积分全透射近红外在线检测系统用于不同姿态苹果糖度预测是可行的,多姿态通用模型的建立,扩大了模型在不同姿态的预测稳健性,短积分光谱采集方式结合信号强度阈值优选方法提升了光谱信号的质量和模型的预测能力。 相似文献
52.
To control the temporal profile of a relativistic electron beam to meet requirements of various advanced scientific applications like free-electron-laser and plasma wakefield acceleration, a widely-used technique is to manipulate the dispersion terms which turns out to be one-to-many problems. Due to their intrinsic one-to-many property, current popular stochastic optimization approaches on temporal shaping may face the problems of long computing time or sometimes suggesting only one solution. Here we propose a real-time solver for one-to-many problems of temporal shaping, with the aid of a semi-supervised machine learning method, the conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN). We demonstrate that the CGAN solver can learn the one-to-many dynamics and is able to accurately and quickly predict the required dispersion terms for different custom temporal profiles. This machine learning-based solver is expected to have the potential for wide applications to one-to-many problems in other scientific fields. 相似文献
53.
We report on our study of the interactions between coconut protein extracted from coconut meat and three hydrocolloids (gelatin, xanthan gum, and soybean polysaccharide) and their interfacial adsorption and emulsification properties. We used Zeta potential, fluorescence spectroscopy scanning and ITC to investigate the interactions between a fixed concentration (1%) of coconut protein and varying concentrations of hydrocolloid. Through the interfacial tension and interfacial viscoelasticity, the interfacial properties of the hydrocolloid and coconut protein composite solution were explored. The physical stability of the corresponding emulsion is predicted through microstructure and stability analysis. Xanthan gum forms a flocculent complex with coconut protein under acidic conditions. Soy polysaccharides specifically bind to coconut protein. Under acidic conditions, this complex is stabilized through the steric hindrance of soy polysaccharides. Due to gelatin-coconut protein interactions, the isoelectric point of this complex changes. The interfacial tension results show that as time increases, the interfacial tensions of the three composite solutions decrease. The increase in the concentration of xanthan gum makes the interfacial tension decrease first and then increase. The addition of soybean polysaccharides reduces the interfacial tension of coconut protein. The addition of xanthan gum forms a stronger elastic interface film. Emulsion characterization showed that the gelatin-added system showed better stability. However, the addition of xanthan gum caused stratification quickly, and the addition of soybean polysaccharides also led to instability because the addition of polysaccharides led to a decrease in thermodynamic compatibility. This research lays the foundation for future research into coconut milk production technology. 相似文献
54.
核电厂反应堆乏燃料水池格架材料在生产和使用过程中需要对其中子吸收性能进行监测和检测,针对这两方面需求,研制了乏燃料水池格架B4C_Al材料的中子吸收性能检测设备。为了降低检测过程中超热中子本底的影响,考虑采用氧化镁超热中子过滤器滤除超热中子。对10和5 cm氧化镁单晶的中子透射率与宏观总截面进行了理论计算,对慢化体表面中子成分进行蒙特卡罗模拟计算并开展实验测量。实验结果表明,10 cm氧化镁对采用8 cm聚乙烯慢化后的252Cf中子源的中子透射率为60.16%,相对镉比值比未加10 cm氧化镁时提高了93.85%,证明常温下采用氧化镁单晶做B4C_Al检测装置的超热中子过滤器是可行的。 相似文献
55.
First-principles study of structural and opto-electronic characteristics of ultra-thin amorphous carbon films 下载免费PDF全文
Most amorphous carbon(a-C)applications require films with ultra-thin thicknesses;however,the electronic structure and opto-electronic characteristics of such films remain unclear so far.To address this issue,we developed a theoretical model based on the density functional theory and molecular dynamic simulations,in order to calculate the electronic structure and opto-electronic characteristics of the ultra-thin a-C films at different densities and temperatures.Temperature was found to have a weak influence over the resulting electronic structure and opto-electronic characteristics,whereas density had a significant influence on these aspects.The volume fraction of sp3 bonding increased with density,whereas that of sp2 bonding initially increased,reached a peak value of 2.52 g/cm3,and then decreased rapidly.Moreover,the extinction coefficients of the ultra-thin a-C films were found to be density-sensitive in the long-wavelength regime.This implies that switching the volume ratio of sp2 to sp3 bonding can effectively alter the transmittances of ultra-thin a-C films,and this can serve as a novel approach toward photonic memory applications.Nevertheless,the electrical resistivity of the ultra-thin a-C films appeared independent of temperature.This implicitly indicates that the electrical switching behavior of a-C films previously utilized for non-volatile storage applications is likely due to an electrically induced effect and not a purely thermal consequence. 相似文献
56.
Xiangli Qian Huiying Sun Tianlu Chen Danzengluobu Youliang Feng Qi Gao Quanbu Gou Yiqing Guo Hongbo Hu Mingming Kang Haijin Li Cheng Liu Maoyuan Liu Wei Liu Bingqiang Qiao Xu Wang Zhen Wang Guangguang Xin Yuhua Yao Qiang Yuan Yi Zhang 《Frontiers of Physics》2022,17(6):64602
The High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation (HADAR) experiment is a refracting terrestrial telescope array based on the atmospheric Cherenkov imaging technique. It focuses the Cherenkov light emitted by extensive air showers through a large aperture water-lens system for observing very-high-energy γ-rays and cosmic rays. With the advantages of a large field-of-view (FOV) and low energy threshold, the HADAR experiment operates in a large-scale sky scanning mode to observe galactic sources. This study presents the prospects of using the HADAR experiment for the sky survey of TeV γ-ray sources from TeVCat and provids a one-year survey of statistical significance. Results from the simulation show that a total of 23 galactic point sources, including five supernova remnant sources and superbubbles, four pulsar wind nebula sources, and 14 unidentified sources, were detected in the HADAR FOV with a significance greater than 5 standard deviations (σ). The statistical significance for the Crab Nebula during one year of operation reached 346.0 σ and the one-year integral sensitivity of HADAR above 1 TeV was ~1.3%–2.4% of the flux from the Crab Nebula. 相似文献
57.
理论研究了在激光相位和啁啾调控共同影响下高次谐波光谱的变化。结果表明:当激光相位为0时,一阶啁啾调控使谐波能量延伸。二阶啁啾调控会呈现高强度谐波平台区。当激光相位为0.5π时,一阶啁啾调控可以获得连续平台区,但是强度较弱。在二阶啁啾调控下,谐波能量得到明显增大。通过谐波时频分析给出了不同激光波形下产生高次谐波光谱的原因。 相似文献
58.
Benefiting from the environmental friendliness of organic electrodes and the high security of aqueous electrolyte,an all-organic aqueous potassium dual-ion full... 相似文献
59.
基于适用于整个克努森数范围的流动理论,建立了去除惯性约束聚变实验中靶丸内空气的理论模型,并设计实验验证了此模型的可靠性。物理实验要求靶丸内空气浓度低于10×10−6,数值模拟了去除靶丸内空气的过程,重点分析了靶丸内空气浓度、压力与除气时间的关系。计算并比较了单管路一次抽气法、单管路循环抽气法与双管路流洗法三种去除靶丸内空气方法的时间成本。数值计算结果表明:单管路一次抽气法中,靶丸上的微通道的存在对去除靶丸内空气所需时间的影响不可忽略,在考虑靶丸上微通道与充气管的情况下,需要1961.77 h才能使靶丸内的空气浓度达到标准。单管路循环抽气法中,抽气次数与单次抽气程度会影响去除靶丸内空气所需总时间,在单次抽气程度值取最优的情况下,采用充三次,抽四次的方案可使达标总时间减少至1 h左右,此方案下单次充气和抽气时间分别为6 min和10 min。而采用双管路流洗法则仅需11 min便可使靶丸内空气浓度达标。 相似文献
60.
As a nanoparticle support material, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) provide a certain potential activation of catalysis in heterogeneous catalytic organic reactions. Herein, an efficient Ag/CNT‐catalyzed synthesis of enamines via hydroamination of activated alkynes with aromatic amines has been described. This catalyst still retains catalytic activity after being recycled and reused three times. In addition, it represents a green and environmentally friendly process for preparation of enamines. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献