酶法获得的多肽库用于新型手性固定相的制备

采用胰蛋白酶酶解牛血清白蛋白,将制备的酶解液超滤,得到相对分子质量小于6000的小分子多肽库。应用羰基咪唑法将该多肽库键合至多孔硅胶,得到一种新型手性固定相。应用该新型手性固定相成功地拆分了两种氨基酸对映体。     

感应屏蔽型高温超导故障电流限制器测试系统

根据感应屏蔽型高温超导故障电流限制器的基本原理 ,研制了一套限流器动态性能测试系统 ,用于实时检测在额定状态和故障状态下限流器的电流、电压。详细地阐述了该测试系统的基本原理 ,给出了系统的软、硬件组成及实验结果     

基于微结构银纳米线的透明电子皮肤器件

Transparent, flexible electronic skin holds a wide range of applications in robotics, humanmachine interfaces, artificial intelligence, prosthetics, and health monitoring. Silver nanowire are mechanically flexible and robust, which exhibit great potential in transparent and electricconducting thin film. Herein, we report on a silver-nanowire spray-coating and electrodemicrostructure replicating strategy to construct a transparent, flexible, and sensitive electronic skin device. The electronic skin device shows highly sensitive piezo-capacitance response to pressure. It is found that micropatterning the surface of dielectric layer polyurethane elastomer by replicating from microstructures of natural-existing surfaces such as lotus leaf, silk, and frosted glass can greatly enhance the piezo-capacitance performance of the device. The microstructured pressure sensors based on silver nanowire exhibit good transparency, excellent flexibility, wide pressure detection range (0-150 kPa), and high sensitivity (1.28 kPa^-1).     

Dirac Equation and Its Solution Around Schwarzschild–de Sitter Black Hole

This paper aims to solve the radial parts of Dirac equation between the inner and the outer horizon in Schwarzschild–de Sitter geometry numerically. A logarithm approximation which almost has the same nature with the modified tortoise coordinate r* even close to the two horizons is found. It is used to replace the modified tortoise coordinate r*, this leads to a simple analytically invertible relation between r* and the radius r. Then, the potential V (r*) is replaced by a collection of step functions. By a quantum mechanical method, the solution of the wave equation as well as the reflection and transmission coefficients are computed. The resulting wave turns out to be not close to that of a harmonic wave globally.     

Zeeman laser-scanning confocal microscopy in turbid media

A novel Zeeman laser-scanning confocal microscope (ZLSCM) is proposed. It has the same configuration as the conventional laser-scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) in which a Zeeman laser in conjunction with a Glan-Thompson analyzer is used. In our system, the analyzer with the bandpass filter, which act simultaneously as a polarization gate and a coherence gate, enhance the collection efficiency of the weak-scattering photons and simultaneously suppress the multiple-scattering photons. The improvement in depth resolution of a ZLSCM in a scattering medium compared with that of a conventional LSCM is discussed and demonstrated experimentally.     

LD Pumped Q-Switching and Self-starting Mode-locked All Fiber Laser

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Drug carrying hydrogel base wound dressing

A special drug carrying hydrogel base wound dressing by radiation preparation is developed for hospital uses. The dressing possesses high water absorption property. Radiation preparation is carried out using a Van de Graaff Accelerator as an electron radiation source. The effect of absorbed dose and cmount of crosslinking agent on the gel fraction and swelling ratio of the hydrogel were determined respectively. As a bio-medical material, standard tests were made. Results showed properties conforming with requirements for clinical applications. Results obtained from clinical tests were good.     

Noninvasive determination of absorption coefficient and reduced scattering coefficient of human skin tissues in vivo with oblique-incidence reflectometry

A spatial distribution of diffuse reflectance produced by obliquely incident light is not centered about the point of light entry. The value of shift in the center of diffuse reflectance is directly related to the absorption coefficient μa and the effective attenuation coefficient μeff. μa and the reduced scattering coefficient μ's of human skin tissues in vivo are measured by oblique-incidence reflectometry based on the two-source diffuse theory model. For ten Chinese volunteers aged 15-63 years, μa and μ's are noninvasively determined to be 0.029 - 0.075 and 0.52 - 0.97 mm-1, respectively.     

Heterologous Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lactococcus lactis</Emphasis> for Acetaldehyde Detoxification at Low pH

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.2.1.x) can catalyze detoxification of acetaldehydes. A novel acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (istALDH) from the non-Saccharomyces yeast Issatchenkia terricola strain XJ-2 has been previously characterized. In this work, Lactococcus lactis with the NIsin Controlled Expression (NICE) System was applied to express the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (istALDH) in order to catalyze oxidation of acetaldehyde at low pH. A recombinant L. lactis NZ3900 was obtained and applied for the detoxification of acetaldehyde as whole-cell biocatalysts. The activity of IstALDH in L. lactis NZ3900 (pNZ8148-istALDH) reached 36.4 U mL^?1 when the recombinant cells were induced with 50 ng mL^?1 nisin at 20 °C for 2 h. The IstALDH activity of recombinant L. lactis cells showed higher stability at 37 °C and pH 4.0 compared with the crude enzyme. L. lactis NZ3900 (pNZ8148-istALDH) could convert acetaldehyde at pH 2.0 while the crude enzyme could not. Moreover, the resting cells of L. lactis NZ3900 (pNZ8148-istALDH) showed a 2.5-fold higher activity and better stability in catalyzing oxidation of acetaldehyde at pH 2.0 compared with that of Escherichia coli expressing the IstALDH. Taken together, the L. lactis cells expressing recombinant IstALDH are potential whole-cell biocatalysts that can be applied in the detoxification of aldehydes.     

基于酸促进的单原子活性位点Ir-La-S/AC催化剂在甲醇羰基化中的应用

甲醇羰基化是世界上重要的均相催化反应之一. 无论是Rh或者Ir体系, 虽然碘甲烷的引入会带来腐蚀问题, 但是绝大多数的甲醇羰基化反应过程都需要碘甲烷作为助催化剂才能有较好的活性. 多年来人们在不断研究非均相羰基化过程(即均相多相化), 以避免均相中间歇生产和产物分离的缺点. 其中Ir体系的非均相羰基化报道很少, 值得关注的是Eastman公司将Ir-La/AC体系成功地应用于非均相的甲醇羰基化过程. 基于此, 本文试图引入硫元素以提高Ir-La/AC催化剂的羰基化活性, 即将含有La和Ir前驱体的硫酸溶液通过共浸渍法制备了高活性的Ir-La-S/AC催化剂, 评价了该系列催化剂的性能, 并进行了深入的表征. Ir-La-S/AC催化剂的TOF最高可达2760 h-1, 远远高于Ir-La/AC催化剂1000 h-1. HAADF-STEM的结果表明,Ir-La-S/AC催化剂中Ir物种绝大多数处于单分散状态, 而Ir-La/AC催化剂中的Ir物种为平均粒径为1.5 nm的纳米颗粒状态, 说明Ir-La-S/AC催化剂中Ir的使用效率要远远高于Ir-La/AC. 其次, NH3-TPD的结果显示在制备过程中硫酸的加入使催化剂的酸性位点大幅度增多, 而酸性位可以加速Ir体系机理中CO插入这一决速步骤. 目前普遍认为, Ir+物种为甲醇羰基化的活性中心, 故通过TPR和原位XPS测试证实了Ir-La-S/AC催化剂比Ir-La/AC中的Ir物种在通过CO/H2= 10:1混合气活化后更容易还原到Ir+, 而且这又说明在Ir-La-S/AC催化剂中更易发生Ir3+物种还原消除为Ir+物种且同时产生酰基碘(AcI)这一重要循环步骤. 所以Ir-La-S/AC催化剂具有更多的酸促进位点, 更高的Ir分散度和更多的Ir+活性物种. 此外, Ir-La-S/AC催化剂的羰基化活性在66 h之后才趋于稳定(1660 h-1), 通过XRF测试发现该过程中有少量的硫流失, 而大部分剩余的硫比较稳定的存在于催化剂表面, 且通过ICP-MS结果显示Ir和La没有明显的流失, 因此66 h之前活性下降主要是由于部分S的流失, 而不是金属物种Ir和La流失造成的. 总之, 我们成功地制备了一种硫促进的双功能Ir-La-S/AC催化剂, 这种方法不仅减轻了由液体酸带来的环境污染和设备腐蚀, 同时避免了液相铱体系催化剂的循环使用问题.