Ekeland's variational principle in locally convex spaces and the density of extremal points

In this paper, we prove a general version of Ekeland's variational principle in locally convex spaces, where perturbations contain subadditive functions of topology generating seminorms and nonincreasing functions of the objective function. From this, we obtain a number of special versions of Ekeland's principle, which include all the known extensions of the principle in locally convex spaces. Moreover, we give a general criterion for judging the density of extremal points in the general Ekeland's principle, which extends and improves the related known results.     

A simple proof for persistence of snap-back repellers

In this article, we show that if f has a snap-back repeller then any small C¹ perturbation of f has a snap-back repeller, and hence has Li-Yorke chaos and positive topological entropy, by simply using the implicit function theorem. We also give some examples.     

Energy transfer of highly vibrationally excited azulene. III. Collisions between azulene and argon

The energy transfer dynamics between highly vibrationally excited azulene molecules (37 582 cm(-1) internal energy) and Ar atoms in a series of collision energies (200, 492, 747, and 983 cm(-1)) was studied using a crossed-beam apparatus along with time-sliced velocity map ion imaging techniques. The angular resolved collisional energy-transfer probability distribution functions were measured directly from the scattering results of highly vibrationally excited azulene. Direct T-VR energy transfer was found to be quite efficient. In some instances, nearly all of the translational energy is transferred to vibrational/rotational energy. On the other hand, only a small fraction of vibrational energy is converted to translational energy (V-T). Significant amount of energy transfer from vibration to translation was observed at large collision energies in backward and sideway directions. The ratios of total cross sections between T-VR and V-T increases as collision energy increases. Formation of azulene-argon complexes during the collision was observed at low enough collision energies. The complexes make only minor contributions to the measured translational to vibrational/rotational (T-VR) energy transfer.     

层数调控磷烯能带与光学性质的研究

近年来,黑磷作为兼具石墨烯和过渡金属硫化物之长的新型二维材料而倍受关注.本文基于密度泛函理论,研究了不同厚度黑磷的电子结构与光学性质.结果表明,黑磷的性质与其厚度密切相关,可通过厚度调整实现能带与光学性质的可调控性.层间相互作用导致费米能级附近价带和导带的劈裂,是造成黑磷带隙随层数减小的根本原因.黒磷的静态折射率和静态反射率的大小均随层数的增大有增大的趋势,并且各层黑磷的反射峰均位于紫外光波段.黑磷对光的吸收涵盖了可见光到紫外光区域,对光的损失范围小于4eV.本文基于能带图和分波态密度图,从电子跃迁的角度分析了黑磷各项光学性质的变化情况,旨在为黑磷的带隙及光学性质层数可调控性提供理论依据.     

细乳液聚合法制备有机/无机纳米复合材料

无机纳米粒子的引入可以使聚合物材料获得抗菌、导电和防紫外等诸多特性,但无机纳米粒子在聚合物基质中易团聚、引入量少,难以充分发挥其优点。细乳液聚合法基于其独特的成核方式--液滴成核,能够提高无机纳米粒子在聚合物基中的分散性和引入量,且复合材料的形貌易于控制,是目前制备特殊形貌有机/无机纳米复合材料的一种有效手段。本文介绍了有机/无机复合纳米材料的细乳液制备过程,综述了近年来不同无机纳米粒子与有机基质复合的研究进展,例如：纳米SiO₂、纳米ZnO、金属纳米粒子、纳米氧化石墨烯等。最后就其发展现状提出了几点建议。     

Development of a portable and fast wire tension measurement system for MWPC construction

In a multi-wire proportional chamber detector(MWPC), the anode and signal wires must maintain suitable tension, which is very important for the detector's stable and accurate performance. As a result, wire tension control and measurement is essential in MWPC construction. A high pressure3 He MWPC detector is to be used as the thermal neutron detector of the multi-functional reflectometer at China Spallation Neutron Source, and in the construction of the detector, we have developed a wire tension measurement system. This system is accurate,portable and time-saving. With it, the wire tension on an anode wire plane has been tested. The measurement results show that the wire tension control techniques used in detector manufacture are reliable.     

非离子型表面活性剂Tween 60用于碳纳米管的双水相分离

单壁碳纳米管以其优异的电学和光学性能受到了广泛的关注,高性能器件等应用要求使用性质均一的单壁碳纳米管.因此,不同结构的单壁碳纳米管的分离具有重要意义.双水相萃取是一种能够对单壁碳纳米管进行结构分离的新方法,分离结果稳定可靠,且不需要复杂的设备,具有简捷、高效、易扩大规模等特点.本文通过调节脱氧胆酸钠(DOC)和非离子型...     

基于油酸辅助水热法制备NaLuF4:Ln3+及光谱性质

采用油酸辅助水热法合成了具有上下转换发光性能的NaLuF_4∶Ce~(3+)、NaLuF_4∶Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)、NaLuF_4∶Yb~(3+),Tm~(3+)、NaLuF_4∶Yb~(3+),Er~(3+)以及NaLuF_4∶Yb~(3+),Er~(3+),Tm~(3+)荧光粉材料。X射线衍射(XRD)表征结果表明产物各个衍射峰与标准卡片PDF#27-0726较好的吻合,得到六方相NaLuF_4晶体。扫描电镜(SEM)显示产物形貌为六棱柱,由粒径分布图可知属于微米级材料。NaLuF_4基质中单掺Ce~(3+)时,研究掺杂浓度对样品发光性能的影响表明NaLuF_4∶0.09Ce~(3+)的发光强度最大。双掺Ce~(3+)、Tb~(3+)时,详细讨论了NaLuF_4基质中Ce~(3+)→Tb~(3+)的能量传递机制,可认为是偶极-四极作用。在980 nm激光激发下,增大Yb~(3+)的掺杂浓度可以使Er~(3+)的红(~4F_(9/2)→~4I_(15/2))/绿(~2H_(11/2)→~4I_(15/2),~4S_(3/2)→~4I_(15/2))光发射比例增大,Er~(3+)的红光和绿光发射过程均属于双光子发射,Tm~(3+)的蓝光发射过程属于三光子发射,并且NaLuF_4∶0.20Yb~(3+),0.005Er~(3+),0.005Tm~(3+)样品实现了白光发射(x=0.335,y=0.385)。     

Reflection and Transmission of Plane Waves at a Water–Porous Sediment Interface with a Double-Porosity Substrate

This paper investigates the wave propagation at the interface between the ocean and the ocean floor. The ocean floor is assumed to be composed of covered porous sediment with an underlying double-porosity substrate. For this purpose, plane wave reflection and transmission in the coupled water–porous sediment–double-porosity substrate system are analytically solved in terms of displacement potentials. Using numerical examples, the effects of the material properties of the underlying double-porosity substrate on the reflection coefficients are discussed in detail. Variations in pore and fracture fluid, fracture volume fraction, and permeability coefficients are considered. In addition, two cases of boundary conditions at the porous sediment–double-porosity substrate interface, i.e., sealed-pore boundary and open-pore boundary, are compared in the numerical calculations. Results show that material property variations in the double-porosity substrate may significantly affect the reflected wave in the overlying water if the sandwiched sediment depth is less than the critical value.     

Night vision dense crowd counting based on mid-term fusion of thermal imaging features北大核心CSCD

为了提高人群计数模型对尺度和光噪声的鲁棒性,设计了一种多模态图像融合网络。提出了一种针对夜间人群统计模型,并设计了一个子网络Rgb-T-net,网络融合了热成像特征和可见光图像的特征,增强了网络对热成像和夜间人群特征的判断能力。模型采用自适应高斯核对密度图进行回归,在Rgb-T-CC数据集上完成了夜视训练和测试。经验证网络平均绝对误差为18.16,均方误差为32.14,目标检测召回率为97.65%,计数性能和检测表现优于当前最先进的双峰融合方法。实验结果表明,所提出的多模态特征融合网络能够解决夜视环境下的计数与检测问题,消融实验进一步证明了融合模型各部分参数的有效性。