用于闪光照相的1MV Rod-Pinch二极管辐射特性

Rod-Pinch二极管(RPD)在小尺度闪光照相方面具有良好的应用前景.根据理论方面的研究结果以及实验室具备的驱动源装置水平,设计了相应结构的RPD,并在1MV工作电压下开展了较为详细的性能实验研究.最终在二极管轴向(0.方向)lm处得到的x光剂量为1.21rad-1.45rad.对于阳极直径为lmm的二极管,其X光焦斑直径仅为0.8mm-1.1mm.X光信号的脉宽为18.1ns-27.5ns.研究表明RPD将是一种用于小尺度闪光照相的理想的X光源.     

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity of multi-walled carbon nanotube-supported tungsten trioxide composites

Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-supported tungsten trioxide (WO₃) composite catalysts were prepared by liquid-phase process. WO₃ nanoparticles grew on the inner and outer surface of MWCNTs. Their photocatalytic activities in the degradation of the Rhodamine B Dye were studied. The effects of mass ratio of MWCNTs to WO₃ were discussed. X-ray diffraction, field emission transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis and ultraviolet-visible light absorption spectra were carried out to characterize the composite catalysts. The results indicated that the optimum mass ratio of MWCNTs to WO₃ is 5:100.     

对称函数各完备集展开系数之间的转换

本文从三种构成完备集的对称函数的定义及有关性质出发，讨论了对称函数在各完备集中展开系数之间的转换，给出了相应的变换矩阵，从而建立了各完备集之间的相互联系.     

基于深度学习的材料超声回波衰减预测方法

材料超声回波衰减是评价材料均匀一致性的常用方法, 针对具有复杂结构的航空发动机盘件难以进行材料底面超声回波衰减评价的问题, 本文提出了利用超声背散射波信号直接预测底面回波衰减的方法。采用10MHz聚焦探头进行超声背散射波数据的采集, 利用深度学习技术构建和训练模型,建立了基于深度学习的材料底面回波衰减预测方法, 同时讨论了采用不同信号形式的超声波信号分类识别模型的准确率差异。研究发现：基于深度学习技术可实现通过超声背散射波预测材料的底面回波衰减, 预测结果和实际底面回波衰减试验结果具有良好的一致性。     

Electronic properties of 2H-stacking bilayer MoS2 measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

Bilayer (BL) molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is one of the most important electronic structures not only in valleytronics but also in realizing twistronic systems on the basis of the topological mosaics in moiré superlattices. In this work, BL MoS₂ on sapphire substrate with 2H-stacking structure is fabricated. We apply the terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) for examining the basic optoelectronic properties of this kind of BL MoS₂. The optical conductivity of BL MoS₂ is obtained in temperature regime from 80 K to 280 K. Through fitting the experimental data with the theoretical formula, the key sample parameters of BL MoS₂ can be determined, such as the electron density, the electronic relaxation time and the electronic localization factor. The temperature dependence of these parameters is examined and analyzed. We find that, similar to monolayer (ML) MoS₂, BL MoS₂ with 2H-stacking can respond strongly to THz radiation field and show semiconductor-like optoelectronic features. The theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) can help us to further understand why the THz optoelectronic properties of BL MoS₂ differ from those observed for ML MoS₂. The results obtained from this study indicate that the THz TDS can be applied suitably to study the optoelectronic properties of BL MoS₂ based twistronic systems for novel applications as optical and optoelectronic materials and devices.     

Neutron skin thickness of 90Zr and symmetry energy constrained by charge exchange spin-dipole excitations

The charge exchange spin-dipole (SD) excitations of \begin{document}$ ^{90} $\end{document}Zr are studied using the Skyrme Hartee-Fock plus proton-neutron random phase approximation with SAMi-J interactions. The experimental value of the model-independent sum rule obtained from the SD strength distributions of \begin{document}$ ^{90} $\end{document}Zr(p, n)\begin{document}$ ^{90} $\end{document}Nb and \begin{document}$ ^{90} $\end{document}Zr(n, p)\begin{document}$ ^{90} $\end{document}Y is used to deduce the neutron skin thickness. The neutron skin thickness \begin{document}$ \Delta r_{np} $\end{document} of \begin{document}$ ^{90} $\end{document}Zr is extracted as \begin{document}$ 0.083\pm0.032 $\end{document} fm, which is similar to the results of other studies. Based on the correlation analysis of the neutron skin thickness \begin{document}$ \Delta r_{np} $\end{document} and the nuclear symmetry energy J as well as its slope parameter L, a constraint from the extracted \begin{document}$ \Delta r_{np} $\end{document} leads to the limitation of J to \begin{document}$ 29.2 \pm 2.6 $\end{document} MeV and L to \begin{document}$ 53.3 \pm 28.2 $\end{document} MeV.     

稀疏正交联合约束多通道非负矩阵分解声信号分离算法

针对复杂环境下多通道声信号分离问题,提出稀疏正交联合约束多通道非负矩阵分解声信号分离方法。首先设计基于多通道扩展坂仓斋藤(Itakura-Saito,IS)散度的稀疏正交联合约束项构造代价函数,给出信号稀疏和信号正交约束辅助函数,实现代价函数最小化求解。然后通过迭代更新规则设计,得到稀疏正交优化的多通道非负矩阵分解基矩阵和系数矩阵,讨论了稀疏正交约束对基矩阵和系数矩阵稀疏性与连续性影响。最后基于多通道信号空间特性,进行了非负矩阵分解基聚类以获得多通道非负矩阵分解声信号的分离结果。双通道音频数据与四通道声学目标分离实验数据测试表明,对音频数据,所提算法在性能指标信号失真比(SDR)上提高了0.84dB,对于直升机声源数据,所提算法在SDR上提高了4.53dB。     

双金属团簇Cu12Fe吸附CO和H2的理论研究

基于第一性原理密度泛函理论(DFT)方法研究了Cu₁₂Fe团簇的结构稳定性、热力学稳定性和反应活性.计算得出正二十面体Fe原子核心团簇Ih-core比正二十面体Fe原子壳层团簇Ih-shell的热力学稳定性更强.通过分析吸附能讨论了CO和H₂在Ih-core团簇上的吸附构型.计算结果表明,Ih-core团簇以顶角Corner位吸附CO时吸附能最大,吸附模型最稳定,H₂吸附过程中发生了解离,两个氢原子均形成表面Facet位吸附构型.最后,通过分析前线轨道得到吸附过程的轨道信息.     

小角度纵波水浸超声检测技术在消除锻件结构盲区中的应用

航空发动机中的后轴颈锻件一般采用水浸超声纵波直入射方法检测内部缺陷。由于型面结构的问题,在锻件的直筒和锥形段连接区域存在检测盲区。该文针对某型号发动机中的后轴颈锻件,开展了水浸超声检测工艺研究,提出利用小角度纵波覆盖盲区的思路。通过对含有人工缺陷的模拟样件的检测实验,比较了水浸纵波直入射和小角度纵波斜入射两种检测方法对后轴颈连接区域的覆盖能力。结果表明,该文提出的小角度纵波方法,可以有效检测出水浸纵波直入射检测方法无法发现的人工缺陷,消除由结构引起的检测盲区,保障零件的服役安全。     

广义扩展有限元法及其在裂纹扩展分析中的应用

结合广义有限元法(GFEM)和扩展有限元法(XFEM)的特点,提出了一种新的数值方法——广义扩展有限元法(GXFEM)。阐述了广义扩展有限元法的基本原理,对相关公式进行推导,探讨数值实施中需注意的重要问题,给出利用广义扩展有限元法进行断裂分析时应力强度因子的计算方法,编写了广义扩展有限元法程序。通过算例进行了应力强度因子的计算,模拟了结构裂纹的扩展过程。算例结果表明,利用广义扩展有限元法计算裂纹扩展问题,不需要进行过密的网格划分,且网格在裂纹扩展后无需重新剖分,具有相当高的计算精度。