Electroless deposition of open-end Cu nanotube arrays

Cu nanotube arrays were fabricated by electroless deposition using porous anodic aluminium oxide membranes as templates. This was accomplished by a four-step procedure, i.e. pore-wall modification, polishing treatment, sensitization-activation and electroless deposition. The as-synthesized Cu nanotubes possess controllable inner diameter and open ends.     

An effective method for improving diffraction performance of magnetostatic backward volume wave-based magneto-optic Bragg cells by using an appropriately tilted bias magnetic field in YIG film plane

The universal magneto-optic (MO) coupled-mode equations for magnetostatic waves (MSWs) and guided optical waves (GOWs) under arbitrarily tilted bias magnetic fields are presented for the first time and, as an example, applied to the noncollinear Stokes interaction between the incident TE₀-mode light and magnetostatic backward volume wave (MSBVW) excited by single-element microstrip line transducer in yttrium–iron–garnet (YIG) film. Our calculation indicates that, for the case of magnetization parallel to the MSBVW propagation direction, the diffraction efficiency (DE) is equal to the mode-conversion efficiency of the diffracted lights (MCDE) and the calculated curve of relative DE for the MSBVW-based MO Bragg cell in pure YIG waveguide is in good agreement with the experimental data. In contrast, the diffraction performance can be greatly improved by optimizing the bias magnetic field and the DE gain can be increased by 6.3 dB in the tangentially magnetized film. The angular dependences of the DE and the corresponding Bragg angle upon the magnetization direction are also discussed in the paper.     

二元合金微观偏析的相场法数值模拟

使用耦合溶质场的相场模拟研究了Ni-Cu二元合金枝晶生长过程中固相溶质扩散系数D_s 对枝晶形貌和微观偏析等的影响.计算结果表明，随着D_s的减少，固液界 面前沿溶质扩散层越薄，枝晶生长越有利，枝晶尖端生长的速度越大，侧向分支越发达；D< sub>s越小，固相中溶质成分的波动越强烈，随着D_s的增大，固相中溶质 成分的波动相应减小；溶质微观偏析程度随D_s的增大而减小. 关键词： 相场方法 微观偏析 固相扩散系数 数值模拟     

Phenylene vinylene‐based electroluminescent polymers with electron transport block in the main chain

We report a new route for the design of soluble phenylene vinylene (PV) based electroluminescent polymers bearing electron‐deficient oxadizole (OXD) and triazole (TZ) moieties in the main chains with the aryloxy linkage. Both series of the PV‐based polymers were prepared by Wittig reaction. By properly adjusting the OXD and/or TZ content through copolymerization, we can achieve an enhanced balance of hole‐ and electron injections, such that the device efficiency is significantly improved. Light‐emitting diodes fabricated from P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, and P7 with the configuration of Indium–Tin Oxide (ITO)/Poly (styrene sulfonic acid) doped poly (ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/polymer/Ca/Al, emit bright green light with the maximum peak around 500 nm. For the device using the optimal polymer (P4) as emitting layer, a maximum brightness of 1300 cd/m² at 20 V and a maximum luminance efficiency of 0.325 cd/A can be obtained. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3469–3478, 2006     

Copolymerization of N‐vinylcaprolactam and glycidyl methacrylate: Reactivity ratio and composition control

Free‐radical copolymerizations of N‐vinylcaprolactam (VCL) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) were investigated to synthesize temperature‐responsive reactive copolymers with minimized compositional heterogeneity. The average copolymer composition was determined by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The reactivity ratios for VCL and GMA were found to be 0.0365 ± 0.0009 and 6.44 ± 0.36 by the Fineman–Ross method and 0.039 ± 0.006 and 6.75 ± 0.29 by the Kelen–Tudos method, respectively. When prepared by batch polymerization, VCL–GMA copolymers had a highly heterogeneous composition and fractions of different solubilities in water. The use of a gradual feeding technique, which included the sequential addition of more reactive GMA monomer into the reaction, yielded copolymers with much more homogeneous composition. The produced copolymers with 0.9 and 0.11 fractional GMA contents preserved their temperature‐responsive properties and precipitated from aqueous solutions when the temperature exceeded 31 °C. The GMA units in the VCL–GMA copolymers were capable of reacting with amino end‐functionalized poly(ethylene oxide) at room temperature to produce poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam)–poly(ethylene oxide) graft copolymers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 183–191, 2006     

Study of DNA coated nanoparticles as possible programmable self-assembly building blocks

Nanoparticles coated with single stranded DNA have been shown to efficiently hybridize to targets of complementary DNA. This property might be used to implement programmable (or algorithmic) self-assembly to build nanoparticle structures. However, we argue that a DNA coated nanoparticle by itself cannot be used as a programmable self-assembly building block since it does not have directed bonds. A general scheme for assembling and purifying nanoparticle eight-mers with eight geometrically well-directed bonds is presented together with some preliminary experimental work.     

The energy exchange and the optimum length of the sample tube of opfirl

The energy exchange between the pumping laser and FIR signal in the optically pumped FIR laser (OPFIRL) system was studied. The iteration method has been used to calculate the power density of the pumping and FIR signals at any point along the optical axis of the sample tube. It was found that the power density of the FIR signal did not always increase along the length of the laser tube. There was a maximum FIR power density at the appropriate point in the sample tube. If the distance of maximum power point from the entrance of the OPFIRL tube was taken as the length of sample tube Z_opt, the maximum FIR laser output should be obtained. This was the optimum length of OPFIRL tube. The value of Z_opt was closely related to the parameter of OPFIRL such as the pumping power density, the pumping detuning and the frequency of the FIR laser. The energy-exchange and the maximum output of the fir laser were calculated under the ideal condition.     

含余割核奇异积分修改的反演问题

针对含余害核奇异积分反演问题在指κ＜0时一般无解的情况，本文提出并求解两种修改的反演问题，而后一种修改反演问题的提法与此前类似问题颇不相同，由于运用了推广的留数定理和Bertrand型换序公式使本问题及类似问题解法得以简化。     

Phase-Locked Fibre Array for Coherent Combination and Atmosphere Aberration Compensation

We report a fibre amplifier array that not only achieves coherent beam combination by compensation of phase noises of fibre amplifier, but also accomplishes correction of atmosphere aberration. It is of master-oscillatormultiple-amplifier （MOPA） configuration, which can be phase-locked by the multidither principle or heterodyne detection principle. First laboratory experiments of atmosphere aberration compensation of a three-element fibre amplifier array are reported. The atmosphere aberration is created by a phase screen in the experiment. The phase changes of the beam, which are introduced by the fibre amplifier and the phase screen, are both detected by the heterodyne detection method. Phase modulators are controlled to compensate for the phase in the three paths. No matter whether there is a phase screen producing atmosphere aberration or not, the dim dynamic interference fringes in the far field turn to a clear and stable pattern, and the peak intensity is maximized. It is indicated that the fibre amplifier array is phase-locked, and coherent combination of the three beams is achieved. It can be used not only to obtain high power fibre laser array but also in laser space communication.     

The Micro-Theory of Ultra-Short Pulse Propagating in Nonlinear Fiber

The modified quantum nonlinear Schrodinger equation of ultra-short pulse propagating in fiber is derived using dispersion relation and the Hamiltonian of the transmission system. The derived equation is solved with linearization approximation, and modulation instability is analyzed. The equation is also solved with Hartree approximation. The results indicate that pulse power, loss and self-steeping effect change the critical frequency, the maximum gain and the gain spectrum range, but the third order dispersion has no effect on modulation instability. The expectation value of optical field is average of a set of modified classical solitons, and higher order terms change the amplitude, pulse position and phase of soliton.