Distinguishability and Disturbance in the Quantum Key Distribution Protocol Using the Mean Multi-Kings’ Problem

We introduce a quantum key distribution protocol using mean multi-kings’ problem. Using this protocol, a sender can share a bit sequence as a secret key with receivers. We consider a relation between information gain by an eavesdropper and disturbance contained in legitimate users’ information. In BB84 protocol, such relation is known as the so-called information disturbance theorem. We focus on a setting that the sender and two receivers try to share bit sequences and the eavesdropper tries to extract information by interacting legitimate users’ systems and an ancilla system. We derive trade-off inequalities between distinguishability of quantum states corresponding to the bit sequence for the eavesdropper and error probability of the bit sequence shared with the legitimate users. Our inequalities show that eavesdropper’s extracting information regarding the secret keys inevitably induces disturbing the states and increasing the error probability.     

VEGA: visual comparison of phylogenetic trees for evolutionary genome analysis (ChinaVis 2019)

In the field of evolutionary genome analysis, biologists seek to identify important genes or chromosome regions by comparing phylogenetic trees and analyzing the mutation at which locus might affect phenotypic traits. Unfortunately, the tree comparison and accompanying analysis are often performed manually. In this paper, we characterize the workflow of evolutionary genome analysis and present a task analysis for the fundamental questions asked by biologists during the analysis procedure. We propose two algorithms to enable quantitative tree comparison. One is to measure the differences between corresponding leaf nodes on two trees, and the other is to compute the classification inconsistency of each leaf node by comparing tree structure with a given biological classification. Configuring with the obtained difference and inconsistency, we present a visual analysis system, visual comparison of phylogenetic trees for evolutionary genome analysis, which not only enables biologists to intuitively explore trees but also identify locus which affects their traits by comparing SNP variants of selected leaf nodes. We conclude with case studies from two biologists who used our system to augment their previous manual analysis workflow and demonstrate that our system can reveal more insight.     

Effects on the evolution of microstructure and properties of low-silicon cast aluminum alloys in service

ABSTRACT

The microstructure evolution and property change of four kinds of low silicon cast aluminum alloy exposed to heat for 0–50?h at 200°C were studied by means of Brinell hardness test, tensile property test, friction and wear property test and XRD analysis. The results show that with increasing thermal exposure time, the tensile strength of each group of samples decreased and the amount of wear increased. The tensile strength of samples with more Si content decreased slowly. When the time increased to 50?h, the increase of wear loss was the largest. The hardness of samples after thermal exposure increases compared with that before thermal exposure. The residual stress of (311) diffraction crystal surface of AlSi3.5Mg0.66 under different thermal exposure time was measured. The type of residual stress changed from residual tensile stress to residual compressive stress after thermal exposure. There is an abnormal phenomenon that the hardness of the sample increased and the amount of wear increased, and it is evident that the distribution of residual stress was inhomogeneous after thermal exposure. It is found that with increasing thermal exposure time to 50?h, the average lattice distortion ε of the low-index crystal plane and the high-index crystal plane in the aluminum alloys gradually increased.     

Multi-reference lens-less Fourier-transform holography with a Greek-ladder sieve array

Lens-less Fourier-transform holography has been actively studied because of its simple optical structure and its single-shot recording.However,a low-contrast interferogram between the reference and object waves limits its signal to noise ratio.Here,multi-reference lens-less Fourier-transform holography with a Greek-ladder sieve array is proposed in the experiment and demonstrated effectively to improve the signal to noise ratio.The key technique in our proposed method is a Greek-ladder sieve array,which acts as not only a wave-front modulator but also a beam splitter.With advantages of the common path,single shot,and no need for a lens,this system has enormous potential in imaging and especially in extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray holography.     

The optical nonreciprocal response based on a four-mode optomechanical system

We propose a scheme for realizing the optical nonreciprocal response based a four-mode optomechanical system,consisting of two charged mechanical modes and two linearly coupled optical modes. Two charged mechanical modes are coupled by Coulomb interaction, and two optical modes are coupled to one of mechanical modes by radiation pressure. We numerically evaluate the transmission probability of the probe field to obtain the optimum optical nonreciprocal response parameters. Also, we show that the optical nonreciprocal response is caused by the quantum interference between the optomechanical couplings and the linearly coupled interaction that breaks the time-reversal symmetry.     

Multicaloric and coupled-caloric effects

The multicaloric effect refers to the thermal response of a solid material driven by simultaneous or sequential application of more than one type of external field.For practical applications,the multicaloric effect is a potentially interesting strategy to improve the efficiency of refrigeration devices.Here,the state of the art in multi-field driven multicaloric effect is reviewed.The phenomenology and fundamental thermodynamics of the multicaloric effect are well established.A number of theoretical and experimental research approaches are covered.At present,the theoretical understanding of the multicaloric effect is thorough.However,due to the limitation of the current experimental technology,the experimental approach is still in progress.All these researches indicated that the thermal response and effective reversibility of multiferroic materials can be improved through multicaloric cycles to overcome the inherent limitations of the physical mechanisms behind single-field-induced caloric effects.Finally,the viewpoint of further developments is presented.     

空间雷电探测实时采集定位系统

星载雷电探测定位系统是利用光学探测器探测闪电事件的地理位置和光脉冲波形,系统采用CPLD+DSP的数字图像处理方案,利用了CPLD复杂逻辑可编程特性将系统的部分或全部功能集成在一片CPLD上,减小了系统硬件复杂程度,节省了印制版空间.利用DSP高速数字信号处理特性完成实时处理图像数据的功能.系统用CPLD完成图像信号的采集、编码和存储控制,缩小了星载设备体积,简化了电路结构;用DSP完成大量图像数据处理工作,提高了系统工作的实时性.     

Kinetic theory of anionic copolymerization with constant monomer ratio, 2 . Molecular weight distribution

The kinetic differential equations for the anionic copolymerization with constant monomer ratio are treated by Laplace transformation and a graphical technique. A theoretical method is established by which all molecular parameters of the copolymers, such as the molecular distribution (MWD), the average molecular weight and the polydispersity, can be calculated from reaction rate constants, initial conditions and polymerization time. Three-dimensional plots obtained by numerical computation are presented to illustrate the influence of the reaction conditions on the MWD's of the copolymers.     

茴拉西坦/介孔二氧化硅的制备及释药性能

为了提高难溶性药物的溶出速率,采用水热合成法制备了MCM-41和SBA-15两种介孔二氧化硅载体材料,利用浸渍法将模型药茴拉西坦负载于两种载体上.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、小角X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附-脱附、红外光谱(IR)、差热-热重(DTA-TG)对载药前后载体材料的表面形貌、粒径、孔径、孔容、比表面积、晶胞参数、骨架结构等进行测试,结果表明MCM-41和SBA-15具有相同的二维六方孔道结构,孔径及孔容分别为3.49 nm和6.67 nm,载药后的载药量分别为17;和22;,药物以非晶态装载于介孔孔道中没有影响介孔二氧化硅的骨架结构,但使介孔孔容及比表面积都有所降低.通过在不同pH溶出介质中负载于载体上的茴拉西坦与原料药晶体的溶出比较发现,两种载体均能够显著提高茴拉西坦的溶出速率.结合材料表征、载药量及溶出度综合比较,SBA-15载体的载药及释药性能均优于MCM-41载体.     

有机杂化锡硫化合物[Ni(tepa)]2 (μ2 -Sn2 S6 )的溶剂热合成及晶体结构

利用溶剂热法合成了有机杂化锡硫化合物[Ni(tepa)]2(μ2-Sn2S6)(1,tepa=四乙烯五胺),其结构和光吸收特性经IR,元素分析和UV表征,晶体结构由X-射线单晶衍射仪测定。1属于四方晶系,空间群为I41/a,晶胞参数:a=0.909 0(17)nm,b=1.305 1(2)nm,c=1.299 2(2)nm,β=92.918(4)°,V=1.539 3(5)nm3,Z=4,Mr=462.89 g.mol-1,Dc=1.997 g.cm-3,μ=3.243 mm-1,F(000)=928,R1=0.070 2,wR2=0.151 2[I>2σ(I)],S=1.075。1中Ni2 离子与tepa配体的5个N原子和[Sn2S6]4-阴离子的一个端基S原子配位,形成了畸变八面体几何构型。[Sn2S6]4-阴离子作为桥连配体,通过端基S原子与[Ni(tepa)]2 配阳离子连接形成了中性的中心对称化合物[Ni(tepa)]2(μ2-Sn2S6)。