A Small‐Molecule FRET Reporter for the Real‐Time Visualization of Cell‐Surface Proteolytic Enzyme Functions

Real‐time imaging of cell‐surface‐associated proteolytic enzymes is critical to better understand their performances in both physiological and pathological processes. However, most current approaches are limited by their complexity and poor membrane‐anchoring properties. Herein, we have designed and synthesized a unique small‐molecule fluorescent probe, which combines the principles of passive exogenous membrane insertion and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to image cell‐surface‐localized furin‐like convertase activities. The membrane‐associated furin‐like enzymatic cleavage of the peptide probe leads to an increased fluorescence intensity which was mainly localized on the plasma membrane of the furin‐expressed cells. This small‐molecule fluorescent probe may serve as a unique and reliable reporter for real‐time visualization of endogenous cell‐surfaceassociated proteolytic furin‐like enzyme functions in live cells and tissues using one‐photon and two‐photon microscopy.     

Photochemical Behavior of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Presence of Propylamine

This report describes the photochemical behavior of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in the presence of propylamine. The SWNTs are characterized by absorption and Raman spectroscopy. The spectral changes due to photoirradiation indicate that reactions occur predominantly with the metallic SWNTs and small‐diameter SWNTs. The detection of amine radicalcation species by ESR spectroscopy reveals photoinduced electron transfer from the amine to the excited SWNTs. After exposure of the photoirradiated SWNTs to air, the characteristic spectra were recovered, except for that of the small‐diameter SWNTs. The results suggest that, after photoreduction of the SWNTs, subsequent selective sidewall functionalization of the small‐diameter SWNTs occurs.     

Boron‐Double‐Ring Sheet,Fullerene, and Nanotubes: Potential Hydrogen Storage Materials

Similar to carbon‐based graphene, fullerenes and carbon nanotubes, boron atoms can form sheets, fullerenes, and nanotubes. Here we investigate several of these novel boron structures all based on the boron double ring within the framework of density functional theory. The boron sheet is found to be metallic and flat in its ground state. The spherical boron cage containing 180 atoms is also stable and has I symmetry. Stable nanotubes are obtained by rolling up the boron sheet, and all are metallic. The hydrogen storage capacity of boron nanostructures is also explored, and it is found that Li‐decorated boron sheets and nanotubes are potential candidates for hydrogen storage. For Li‐decorated boron sheets, each Li atom can adsorb a maximum of 4 H₂ molecules with g_d=7.892 wt %. The hydrogen gravimetric density increases to g_d=12.309 wt % for the Li‐decorated (0,6) boron nanotube.     

离子色谱法同时测定不同时段酸雨中17种离子

应用离子色谱法同时测定不同时段酸雨中17种离子的含量。样品经离心沉淀后,经0.45μm滤膜过滤,滤液供离子色谱分析。阴离子分离时用Shodex SI-52 4E阴离子色谱柱,并用3.6mmol·L-1碳酸钠-0.6 mmol·L-1碳酸氢钠缓冲溶液作为淋洗液;阳离子分离时用TSKGEL阳离子色谱柱,并用2mmol·L-1硝酸溶液作为淋洗液,采用电导检测器进行检测。17种离子均在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在1.4~18.7μg·L-1之间。回收率在95.0%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.7%~7.2%之间。     

印章印文的鉴定方法

对印章印文的鉴定方法进行了综述,内容包括显微镜观察印文特征、计算机辅助人工比对、印油的渗散程度测定和仪器分析方法(包括紫外-可见导数光谱法、荧光光谱法、红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法、薄层色谱法、液相色谱法、气相色谱法和质谱法)等(引用文献64篇)。     

高效液相色谱法测定咪唑中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑

采用高效液相色谱法测定咪唑中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑的含量。采用XDB C18色谱柱为分离柱,以pH 3.5的0.05mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液与甲醇以体积比95比5组成的混合溶液为流动相,流量为1.0mL·min-1,在波长210nm处进行二极管阵列检测。2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑均在0.10~25.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)分别为20,40mg·kg-1。在1.00,5.00,20.0mg·L-1 3个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,回收率在89.0%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在0.58%~3.0%之间。     

羧甲基-β-环糊精/SiO_2/TiO_2毛细管开管柱的制备及其应用于毛细管电色谱

以钛酸丁酯和正硅酸乙酯为无机体,以羧甲基-β-环糊精(CM-β-CD)为有机体,在有机相与无机相的质量比为4比3时,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了CM-β-CD/SiO2/TiO2溶胶作为固定相,从而制成新型的环糊精基有机-无机杂化毛细管色谱开管柱。用扫描电镜及红外光谱法对此开管柱进行表征,证明了固定相与毛细管内壁均匀键合并紧密结合;羧基与Ti-O发生键合并形成了保留环糊精的新型配合物。应用此开管柱对氨基酸对映体、氨基酸混合物和手性药物进行分离,均达到基线分离。试验选用含30%(体积分数)乙腈的磷酸二氢钠缓冲溶液(pH 8.0)为流动相,分离电压15kV,检测波长200nm。此开管柱的最高柱效为每米塔板数(N)116 478;连续10次进样,其迁移时间的相对标准偏差为3.1%。     

变温傅里叶红外光谱技术研究硬脂酸C-H伸缩振动

采用傅里叶红外光谱技术研究了温度对于硬脂酸C-H伸缩振动、分子脂肪链构象改变和分子间作用力的影响。运用变温红外技术在293~393K范围内,分别测定了硬脂酸C-H的一维红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱、四阶导数红外光谱和去卷积红外光谱。结果表明:1在293~333K范围内,一维红外光谱中2 965,2 870cm-1附近的弱吸收谱带分别归属于甲基的不对称伸缩振动模式νas(-CH3)和对称伸缩振动模式νs(-CH3),相应的导数光谱及去卷积红外光谱能提高一维红外谱的分辨率;2在293~333K范围内,硬脂酸脂肪链处于全反式构象,在348~353K范围内,硬脂酸分子脂肪链构象由全反式构象向无序构象转变;3随着测量温度的升高,硬脂酸分子间的作用力不断降低。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定偶氮染料橙黄G的降解产物1-胺基-2-萘酚-6,8-二磺酸

提出了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定偶氮染料橙黄G的Fenton反应降解溶液中1-胺基-2-萘酚-6,8-二磺酸。用OnGuardⅡH固相萃取小柱去除降解液中的Fe2+,C18柱为分离柱,以乙腈-10mmol·L-1乙酸铵(20+80)溶液为流动相洗脱,检测波长为254nm。1-胺基-2-萘酚-6,8-二磺酸的线性范围为0.05~5.0mg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.15mg·L-1。加标回收率在92.1%~99.2%之间,日内及日间相对标准偏差分别在2.8%~3.4%,4.1%~7.7%之间。     

浸渍溶剂对Pt/炭-氧化铝催化氢化2-氧-4-苯基丁酸乙酯的影响

螯合辅助溶剂挥发共组装法制备的炭-氧化铝复合材料为载体,分别使用水、乙醇或二者混合物为氯铂酸的分散介质,浸渍制备炭-氧化铝复合材料负载Pt催化剂.通过XRD,N2物理吸附以及TEM表征可知,乙醇作为浸渍溶剂时,最有利于Pt的分散,而混合溶剂浸渍制备的催化剂Pt颗粒最大.2-氧-4-苯基丁酸乙酯不对称加氢反应结果表明,氯铂酸水溶液浸渍得到的催化剂Pt纳米粒子的粒径有利于获得高的光学选择性,催化剂经辛可尼丁修饰后,以乙酸为反应溶剂,可获得最高84.8%的光学选择性.此外,该催化剂重复利用性能优异,可以重复利用22次,活性没有下降.