平顶飞秒激光经圆锥透镜在熔融石英中成丝及超连续辐射

实验研究了平顶飞秒激光经圆锥透镜后在熔融石英中的成丝及超连续辐射.与高斯飞秒激光的成丝对比发现,平顶飞秒激光可以获得在圆锥透镜焦深区域内强度分布更为均匀的等离子体细丝,这一特征更有利于飞秒激光在固体介质中进行微纳加工等领域的应用.并且,在不损伤熔融石英的条件下,平顶飞秒激光成丝可以获得更高能量、更高转换效率的超连续辐射,这是因为若产生光强相近的细丝,平顶飞秒激光所需的初始激光能量更高,此激光能量下产生的细丝长度更长、均匀性更好.     

NO分子宏观气体热力学性质的理论研究

采用量子统计系综理论,研究了基态NO分子宏观气体摩尔熵、摩尔内能、摩尔热容等热力学性质.首先应用课题组前期建立的变分代数法(variational algebraic method, VAM)计算获得了基态NO分子的完全振动能级,得到的VAM振动能级作为振动部分,结合欧拉-麦克劳林渐进展开公式的转动贡献,应用于经典的热力学与统计物理公式中,从而计算得到了1000-5000 K温度范围内NO宏观气体的摩尔内能、摩尔熵和摩尔热容.将不同方法计算得到的摩尔热容结果分别与实验值进行比较,结果表明基于VAM完全振动能级获得的结果优于其他方法获得的理论结果.振动部分采用谐振子模型对无限能级求和计算热力学性质的方法有一定的局限性,应当使用有限的完全振动能级进行统计求和.     

A reconfigurable terahertz polarization converter based on metal–graphene hybrid metasurface

A metal-graphene hybrid metasurface polarization converter is designed in this Letter.The unit cell of the hybrid metasurface is composed of a butterfly-shaped structure whose branches are connected by multi-layer graphene sheets.The proposed device can be reconfigured from linear-to-circular polarization to cross-polarization by changing the Fermi energy of graphene.The simulation results show that for three-layer graphene,the device acts as a linear-to-circular polarization converter when EF=0 eV and switches to a cross-polarization converter when EF=0.5 eV.Compared with single-layer graphene,the device with three-layer graphene can maintain the cross-polarization conversion performance under low Fermi energy.Furthermore,two equivalent circuits in the x and y directions are developed to understand the working mechanism of the device.     

Topological Phase Transition of Non-Hermitian Crosslinked Chain

The contents of topological classification of matter are enriched by non-Hermiticity, such as exceptional points, bulk-edge correspondence, and skin effects. Physically, gain and loss can be introduced by imaginary on-site potentials of lattice Hamiltonians, and the topological phase transition for a cross-linked chain in the presence of such non-Hermiticity is investigated. The topological phase diagram in terms of a winding number is obtained analytically with phase boundaries coinciding with the surfaces of exceptional points. The topologically original edge states with distribution mainly at the joints between domains of different phases are protected even for long chains. The non-Hermitian topological feature can also be reflected by vortex structures in the vector fields of complex eigenenergies, expected values of Pauli matrices, and trajectories of these quantities. This model may be implemented in coupled photonic crystals, fermions trapped in optical lattice, or non-Hermitian electrical-circuit lattices, and the edge states are immune to various kinds of disorders until topological phase transition occurs. This work gives insight into the influence of non-Hermiticity on topological phase of matter.     

Ring Airy-Like Beams along Predesigned Parabolic Trajectories

By phase-modulating ring Airy Gaussian beams, ring Airy-like beams propagating along predesigned parabolic trajectories are presented which combine the properties of accelerating beams and abruptly autofocusing beams analytically and numerically for the first time. The enhancement of the quadratic term ratio α shortens the autofocus distance and increases the slope of the beams after autofocusing. Interestingly, the main lobe tends to break into pieces as α increases and the possible reasons have been discussed. Furthermore, the distribution factor β and the radius of the primary r₀ can prominently affect the autofocus distance and the intensity at the focal point but do not change the slope of the beams after the autofocusing. In addition, the self-healing properties are validated to be retainable while RAiG beams via predesigned parabolic trajectories with various α.     

Controllably asymmetric beam splitting via gap-induced diffraction channel transition in dual-layer binary metagratings

In this work, we designed and studied a feasible dual-layer binary metagrating, which can realize controllable asymmetric transmission and beam splitting with nearly perfect performance. Owing to ingenious geometry configuration, only one meta-atom is required to design for the metagrating system. By simply controlling air gap between dual-layer metagratings, high-efficiency beam splitting can be well switched from asymmetric transmission to symmetric transmission. The working principle lies on gap-induced diffraction channel transition for incident waves from opposite directions. The asymmetric/symmetric transmission can work in a certain frequency band and a wide incident range. Compared with previous methods using acoustic metasurfaces, our approach has the advantages of simple design and tunable property and shows promise for applications in wavefront manipulation, noise control and one-way propagation.     

Transition probabilities of the X1Σ+, A1Π, B1Δ, C1Σ+, and D1Π states of the AlO+ cation

ABSTRACT

This study computes the potential energy curves of the X¹Σ⁺, A¹Π, B¹Δ, C¹Σ⁺, and D¹Π states of AlO⁺ cation and the transition dipole moments between them. The orders of the rotationless radiative lifetimes are 10–100?μs for the A¹Π state, 1–1000?ms for the B¹Δ state, 10?ns for the first well and 100?ns for the second well of the C¹Σ⁺ state, and 1?μs for the D¹Π state. Emissions of the B¹Δ–A¹Π and D¹Π–C¹Σ⁺ systems are so weak that they are hardly measured via spectroscopy, the emissions of the C¹Σ⁺–X¹Σ⁺, C¹Σ⁺–A¹Π, and D¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ systems are so strong that they can be detected readily, and emissions of the A¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ and D¹Π–A¹Π systems can be observed through spectroscopy only by a significant effort. There is a strong great similarity between spontaneous emissions of the A¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ system of the AlO⁺ cation and the A²Π–X²Σ⁺ system of the AlO radical. The emissions of the A²Π–X²Σ⁺ system of the AlO radical have been measured in outer space Therefore, it is highly possible that the emissions of the A¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ system of the AlO⁺ cation can be detected in the astrophysical media.     

The structural,electronic and magnetic properties of Ag4M and Ag4MCO (M = Sc–Zn) clusters

The structures, spectra and electronic and magnetic properties of Ag₄M and Ag₄MCO (M?=?Sc–Zn) clusters have been studied using density functional theory and CALYPSO structure searching method. Structural searches show that M atoms except Zn tend to occupy the highest coordination position in the ground state Ag₄M and Ag₄MCO clusters. Carbon monoxide is most easily adsorbed on Ag atom of Ag₄Zn and M atom of other Ag₄M. Infrared and Raman spectra, photoabsorption spectra and photoelectron spectra of Ag₄M and Ag₄MCO clusters are forecasted and can be used to identify these clusters from experiment. Analysis of electronic properties indicates that the adsorption of CO on Ag₄M clusters changes the zero vibrational energy (ZPVE) and increases stability of the host clusters. Dopant atoms except for Zn improve the stability of silver cluster. The Ag₄Ni cluster shows high chemical activity and maximum adsorption energy for carbon monoxide. Magnetism calculations reveal that the magnetic moment of Ag₄M (M?=?Mn–Ni) cluster adsorbed by carbon monoxide is decreased by 2 μ_B. The change of magnetic moment makes it possible to be used as a nanomaterial for carbon monoxide detection. Simultaneously, it is found that the adsorption of CO on Ag₄Cu cluster is a physical adsorption.