Transport theory of deeply-inelastic heavy-ion collisions based on a random-matrix model II. Study of a one-dimensional model

Typical features of the transport equation derived in a previous paper are studied in the frame of a one-dimensional model. The optical-model Green's function is constructed, and the mean free path is evaluated numerically. The domain of validity of the semiclassical approximation to the transport equation is evaluated, the significance of conserving approximations is pointed out. For strong absorption (short mean free path) it is shown that quantum fluctuations caused by the uncertainty principle are important. Approximation methods are introduced and tested numerically.     

Electrical properties of some crystalline salts of adenine

In the present paper we report the first experimental results on ac and dc conductivity and permittivity of adenine hemisulphate hydrate and adenine sulphate measured at atmospheric and high hydrostatic pressures. For both materials ac conductivity is of ^s type, where:s 1·1· Room temperature dc conductivity of adenine hemisulphate hydrate equals approximately 5×10^{–15 –1} cm^–1 with an activation energy of 0·86 eV; dc conductivity of adenine sulphate is less than 10^–16 cm^–1. On the basis of these measurements and those carried out at high pressure, it is concluded that conductivity of adenine hemisulphate hydrate is of electronic type.The authors wish to thank Dr. J. Zachová for the preparation of adenine salts single crystals.     

Leptoquark mechanism of neutrino masses within the grand unification framework

We demonstrate the viability of the one-loop neutrino mass mechanism within the framework of grand unification when the loop particles comprise scalar leptoquarks (LQs) and quarks of the matching electric charge. This mechanism can be implemented in both supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric models and requires the presence of at least one LQ pair. The appropriate pairs for the neutrino mass generation via the up-type and down-type quark loops are \(S_3\)–\(R_2\) and \(S_{1,\,3}\)–\(\tilde{R}_2\), respectively. We consider two distinct regimes for the LQ masses in our analysis. The first regime calls for very heavy LQs in the loop. It can be naturally realized with the \(S_{1,\,3}\)–\(\tilde{R}_2\) scenarios when the LQ masses are roughly between \(10^{12}\) and \(5 \times 10^{13}\) GeV. These lower and upper bounds originate from experimental limits on partial proton decay lifetimes and perturbativity constraints, respectively. Second regime corresponds to the collider accessible LQs in the neutrino mass loop. That option is viable for the \(S_3\)–\(\tilde{R}_2\) scenario in the models of unification that we discuss. If one furthermore assumes the presence of the type II see-saw mechanism there is an additional contribution from the \(S_3\)–\(R_2\) scenario that needs to be taken into account beside the type II see-saw contribution itself. We provide a complete list of renormalizable operators that yield necessary mixing of all aforementioned LQ pairs using the language of SU(5). We furthermore discuss several possible embeddings of this mechanism in SU(5) and SO(10) gauge groups.     

Property changes of electroplated Cu/Co alloys and multilayers by organic additives

We investigated the change of magnetic properties of the electroplated Cu/Co alloys and multilayers caused by organic additives and high temperature annealing. When plated with a pure Cu/Co electrolyte, the alloy contained ∼25% of Cu and ∼75% of Co. The alloy was made of hcp-Co, fcc-Co and Cu(1 1 1) and was super-paramagnetic at room temperature. As we add a few organic additives in the plating electrolyte, the hcp-Co of the films disappeared. The organic additives contained in the electrolytes changed paramagnetic Cu/Co multilayers to ferromagnets. High-temperature thermal annealing increased coercivity due to the growth of the Co grains.     

Stereoscopic video surveillance system for detection of target’s 3D location coordinates and moving trajectories

In this paper, a novel stereoscopic video surveillance system to track a target person and detect its three-dimensional (3D) location coordinates and moving trajectory is implemented by using the pan/tilt-controlled stereo camera system. Stereoscopic video images of a target person are captured with stereo camera system and the target face and its location in the left image plane can be detected by use of YCbCr color model and centroid method. Also the target location in the right image plane can be obtained through correlation between the left face image and the right image by using the binary phase extraction joint transform correlator (BPEJTC) algorithm. With these location data of the target face in the left and right image planes the pan/tilt systems can control the stereo camera to track a target person by positioning the target face at the center of the camera’s FOV and making the focusing points of the right and left camera coincided on the target face. And then, with the resultant pan/tilt angles and geometric parameters of the stereo camera system, the target’s real 3D location coordinates and moving trajectory in the world space can be obtained. From some experiments with 900 frames of stereoscopic video image pairs, it is analyzed that the target’s center location after being tracked is kept to be very low error ratio of 0.62%, 2.04% on the average in the x, y directions of the image plane, respectively. Also, the error ratio between the calculated and measured values of the 3D location coordinates of a target person is found to be very low value of 2.1%, 5.7% on the average in the X and Y directions of the real world space, respectively.     

First observation of the P-wave spin-singlet bottomonium states hb(1P) and hb(2P)

We report the first observations of the spin-singlet bottomonium states h(b)(1P) and h(b)(2P). The states are produced in the reaction e(+)e(-)→h(b)(nP)π(+)π(-) using a 121.4 fb(-1) data sample collected at energies near the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. We determine M[h(b)(1P)]=(9898.2(-1.0-1.1)(+1.1+1.0)) MeV/c(2) and M[h(b)(2P)]=(10,259.8±0.6(-1.0)(+1.4)) MeV/c(2), which correspond to P-wave hyperfine splittings ΔM(HF)=(+1.7±1.5) and (+0.5(-1.2)(+1.6)) MeV/c(2), respectively. The significances of the h(b)(1P) and h(b)(2P) are 5.5σ and 11.2σ, respectively. We find that the production of the h(b)(1P) and h(b)(2P) is not suppressed relative to the production of the Υ(1S), Υ(2S), and Υ(3S).     

Structural and magnetic studies on RPtIn deuterides (R=Tb,Er, Tm)

In this communication, structural and magnetic properties of RPtInD_1.3 (R=Tb, Er, Tm) deuterides are reported. For the first time deuterium-rich compounds were synthesized for the RPtIn family. The investigated deuterides crystallize with the hexagonal ZrNiAl-type crystal structure, with slightly different lattice constants with respect to the basic compounds. In general, the a-lattice constant exhibit contraction, while the c-lattice constant tends to increase upon introducing deuterium. The compounds with Tb and Er shows magnetic ordering at 95 K and 15.5 K, respectively. On the other hand, for Tm based sample no magnetic ordering was evidenced down to 2 K.