偏瘫患者辅助下肢外骨骼设计与仿真分析

针对偏瘫患者外骨骼康复机器人降低外骨骼质量的要求,设计了一种辅助下肢外骨骼机器人,采用柔索驱动的膝关节,具有结构简单,质量轻的特点。同时利用ADAMS建立了外骨骼关节柔索驱动的动力学模型,绳索模块建立了柔索驱动模型,通过Ariel生物运动分析软件,采集髋、膝、踝关节运动数据,运用Spline函数进行了仿真分析。经过仿真分析柔索驱动在上台阶运动过程中的不同拉簧预紧力和拉簧刚度下传动特性和驱动力矩,为进一步研究设计下肢外骨骼提供依据。     

激光光束准直器与耦合器的设计方法研究

利用凸透镜、凹透镜以及透镜的组合来完成特定要求的激光准直和耦合的设计方案。同时,选取两种准直参数和两种耦合参数为例验证了设计方案的可行性。为下一步激光光束的准直和耦合系统设计的实际应用奠定了基础。     

高强高效近红外光源的不同光源强度对玉米杂交种鉴别的影响

以2009年产自海南的农华101玉米种子作为研究对象,基于近红外漫透射光谱法(波长范围908.1~1 677.2 nm),研究了一种高强高效近红外光源在不同光源电压以及光源至光谱仪不同距离两种条件下对玉米杂交种鉴别的影响。对光谱进行一阶导数、矢量归一化的预处理后,使用主成分分析(PCA)和正交线性判别分析(OLDA)提取光谱特征,使用支持向量机(SVM)分别建立种子纯度鉴定模型,统计不同实验条件下的识别率。结果表明,在电压较低或者光源至光谱仪的距离较大的时候,光源强度较低,得到的光谱曲线有较多的毛刺,此时的识别率较低,增大电压或者降低光源至光谱仪的距离时,光谱曲线变得较为平滑,识别率明显升高,说明在一定范围内增大光源强度会提高模型的正确鉴定率。     

小波图像融合在太赫兹无损检测中的应用

玻璃纤维增强复合材料被广泛应用于航天、航空及其他军民各领域,它在制备和使用过程中通常会出现多个缺陷。太赫兹时域光谱成像技术有望成为玻璃纤维增强复合材料无损检测的有力补充手段。在太赫兹时域光谱成像过程中,可以选取时域或频域波形中的不同参数来进行成像。对于不同的缺陷,能够有效地对其进行检测的参数是不一样的。采用基于小波分解的图像融合方法将多幅不同参数获取的太赫兹反射图像结合起来,得到一幅包含所有缺陷信息的新图像。研究表明,基于小波分解的图像融合方法在太赫兹无损检测中的应用,能够获取单一参数成像无法检测的缺陷信息,为复合材料太赫兹图像后期处理提供了新的技术方法。     

色噪声对光学双稳态的影响

采用统一色噪声近似构建了由乘法色噪声驱动的纯吸收型光学双稳态状态方程,并分析了色噪声对光学双稳态的影响,将结果与白噪声驱动的光学双稳态进行比较.结果表明:当乘法噪声与加法噪声处在正关联时,增加乘法色噪声的自关联时间r,光学双稳性的区域显著变宽,即磁滞回线面积变大;当乘法噪声与加法噪声处在负关联时,只有乘法噪声较小时,改变乘法色噪声的自关联时间r,光学双稳态才发生改变;当乘法噪声的自相关时间等于零时,本文模型退化为乘法白噪声驱动的光学双稳性状态方程.     

用傅里叶分析法研究艾里光束远场传播特性

为了从理论上深入分析新型无衍射光束艾里光束在有限能量条件下的远场传播特性,首先,从决定光波在自由空间传播的一维旁轴波动方程入手,采用傅里叶分析法,结合艾里函数的特殊性质,并利用经过指数衰减的有限能量初始条件,完整给出了有限能量条件下用于精确描述一维艾里光束在自由空间传播特性的波动方程解析解.然后,利用所得到解析解分别对一维和二维艾里光束在自由空间的传播特性进行了研究,重点分析了不同参量条件对艾里光束进行无衍射传播和横向自加速的影响.研究表明:当任意横向尺度为100μm,衰减系数为0.03、0.05、0.07、0.1、0.2时,二维艾里光束无衍射传播距离分别为1 014、624、455、338、193mm;当横向尺度保持不变时,衰减系数越小,艾里光束保持无衍射传播的距离越大;当衰减系数保持不变时,横向尺度越小,艾里光束横向自加速越大.所采用的研究方法也可用于研究艾里光束在介质中的传播特性.     

双扫描激光雷达精细探测低层大气气溶胶方法

为实现水平非均匀分布的低层大气气溶胶光学特性的遥感探测,提出一种基于双扫描激光雷达的气溶胶精细探测方法.该方法以扫描激光雷达为遥感探测工具,通过双激光雷达相向交叉扫描工作模式,实现对同一空域近地表气溶胶全视野剖面的交叉探测,从而提供双激光雷达方程组以精确求解气溶胶消光和后向散射系数.在数据反演过程中,通过对交叉扫描区域进行坐标化和网格化处理、网格像素单元的初值预设,以及双扫描激光雷达方程组的数值逼近反演得到气溶胶消光.利用长距离扫描激光雷达的数据对该方法进行验证,结果表明,该方法与多角度方法反演所得到的结果随高度变化的趋势具有高度的一致性;同时双扫描激光雷达可提供交叉扫描区域剖面的气溶胶浓度分布,相比于单条廓线具有较大的优势.     

A horn ridge waveguide DFB laser with reduced spatial hole burning for high-speed modulation

In this paper, we propose a DFB laser with a horn ridge waveguide (HRW) to suppress the longitudinal spatial hole burning (LSHB) effect in the lasers cavity, thus to reduce the rolloff at low frequency. The simulation result shows that HRW DFB lasers could significantly suppress the LSHB effect and its modulation bandwidth is increased by 14% comparing with the conventional straight ridge waveguide (RW) DFB lasers when the normalized coupling coefficient (κL) is 3.0. The calculated eye diagrams of HRW DFB lasers under direct 25 Gbps modulation have clearer opening than that of the conventional RW DFB lasers. These superior properties are due to the suppression of the LSHB effect by the HRW structure.     

Variation of the Payne Effect in Natural Rubber Reinforced by Graft-Modified Carbon Black

Carbon black (CB) was modified by liquid grafting and used for natural rubber (NR) reinforcement. Payne effects during NR reinforcement by the graft-modified carbon black (GCB) were analyzed in this paper. The results showed a proportional relationship between filler content and the Payne effect. Rubber compounds with GCB presented weaker Payne effects than their non-modified counterparts. Qualitative analysis of the correlation between filler network structure and filler content was conducted according to the relationship between bound rubber of a rubber compound and shear modulus. The impact of the storage period on the Payne effect was further studied, and the results demonstrated that the longer the storage period of the rubber compound, the stronger the Payne effect tended to be. The mechanisms by which the Payne effects were manifested differed according to the content of the filler in the rubber.     

Ultrafast Saturable Absorption of Core/Shell Colloidal Quantum Dots

Ultrafast saturable absorption (SA) materials that are capable of blocking the optical absorption under strong excitation have extensive applications in photonic devices. This work presents core/shell colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) which have the quantized energy levels, excellent band gap tunability, and possess significant SA performance. When the band gap is close to the pump pulse energy, the CQDs show significant resonant SA response. At the same excitation conditions, the core/shell CQDs dispersions show better SA response than graphene dispersions, and comparable to the recently reported molybdenum disulfide. The carrier dynamics of the SA of the CQDs is analyzed systematically. The research has also found that the two‐photon absorption of the CQDs show nearly cubic power law of the band gap, while the SA performance keeps almost the same in the nonresonant regime. Further, superior passive Q‐switched laser behavior is observed using the CQDs as a saturable absorber. The results directly reveal the physical processes of this basic problem and broaden the applications of CQDs in photonic devices.