Low-temperature Heat Capacities and Thermodynamic Properties of the Solid State Complexes(C2H10N2)MCl4(s)(M=Cu and Cd)

The tetrachlorocuprate(II) ethylenediammonium and tetrachlorocadmate(II) ethylenediammonium were synthesized. Chemical analysis, elemental analysis, and X‐ray crystallography were applied to characterize the compositions and crystal structures of the two complexes. The lattice potential energies and the radiuses of the anions of two complexes were calculated to be U_POT[(C₂H₁₀N₂)CuCl₄]=1810.19 kJ·mol^?1, U_POT[(C₂H₁₀N₂)CdCl₄]=1784.39 kJ·mol^?1, r[(CuCl₄)^2?]=0.308 nm, and r[(CdCl₄)^2?]=0.321 nm from the data of the crystal structure, respectively. Low‐temperature heat capacities of the two complexes were measured by a precision automatic adiabatic calorimeter with the small sample over the temperature range from 78 to 400 K, respectively. Two polynomial equations of heat capacities against the temperatures were fitted by least square method: C_p,_m[(C₂H₁₀N₂)CuCl₄, s] =213.553+118.578X?5.816X²+4.392X³+0.276X⁴ and C_p,_m[(C₂H₁₀N₂)CdCl₄, s] =190.927+98.501X?7.931X²+0.657X³+3.834X⁴, in which X= (T?239)/161. Based on the fitted polynomial equations, the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the two complexes relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15 K were calculated at intervals of 5 K.     

Protecting-group-free amination of halogenated nitrobenzaldehyde with palladium catalyst

<正>"One-step"method for the synthesis of secondary aliphatic amine substituted nitrobenzaldehyde was developed.In the presence of Pd catalyst,halogenated nitrobenzaldehyde could be smoothly coupled with secondary aliphatic amine to give the target product in hexamethylphosphamide(HMPT) media without the protection of aldehyde groups.     

关于工业产品生产许可证管理的探讨

对工业产品生产许可证管理方面存在的一些问题进行了探讨。经分析认为,在做好实地核查及证后监管的前提下,生产许可证制度的关键在于宣贯和相关细节的明确上。     

Magnetic bead-based approach to monitoring of cigarette smoke-induced DNA oxidation damage and screening of natural protective compounds

Cigarette smoking can damage DNA and induce spontaneous mutagenesis or carcinogenesis. Here, we describe a novel strategy for in situ monitoring of cigarette smoke-induced DNA oxidation damage and offer a method for screening natural compounds that protect DNA against tobacco smoke. The present protocol takes advantage of a fast and simple magnetic separation/mixing method and a highly sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) ELISA. The DNA immobilized on the magnetic beads was oxidized by the smoke in the absence or presence of natural compounds, and then oxidative DNA was conveniently held by magnetic force, whereas the complex tobacco smoke matrix and any remaining compounds were completely eliminated by extensive washing, and possible interferences were thus removed and oxidative damage was then sensitively monitored by CL ELISA. A library of 32 natural products was then screened and three were found to protect DNA from oxidative damage and thus may be promising compounds for the development of new drugs. Moreover, the protection effect of these three natural compounds against DNA oxidation damage was successfully classified by directly spiking them in the reference cigarettes. In addition, the potential to screen a mixture in a complex sample matrix, such as crude extracts, was also demonstrated, and hence the proposed technique can screen compounds within a complex matrix and enhance the screening throughput.     

Three New Triterpene Saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum

Three new dammarane‐type triterpene saponins, 1 – 3 , together with three known compounds, 4 – 6 , were isolated from the aerial parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino . By means of chemical and spectroscopic methods, their structures were established as (20S)‐3β,20,21‐trihydroxydammara‐23,25‐diene 3‐O‐[α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)] [β‐D ‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)]‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐21‐O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 1 ), (20R,23R)‐3β,20‐dihydroxy‐19‐oxodammar‐24‐en‐21‐oic acid 21,23‐lactone 3‐O‐[α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)] [β‐D ‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)]‐α‐L ‐arabinopyranoside ( 2 ), and (21S,23S)‐3β,20ξ,21,26‐tetrahydroxy‐19‐oxo‐21,23‐epoxydammar‐24‐ene 3‐O‐[α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)] [β‐D ‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)]‐α‐L ‐arabinopyranoside ( 3 ).     

A unique approach to the concise synthesis of highly optically active spirooxazolines and the discovery of a more potent oxindole-type phytoalexin analogue

Drug-lead synthesis through rapid construction of chiral molecular complexity around the biologically relevant framework using a highly efficient strategy is a key goal of organic synthesis. Molecules bearing a spirooxindole-type framework exhibit important bioactivities. Herein, we present a highly efficient and convenient strategy that allows rapid construction of unique optically active spiro[oxazoline-3,3'-oxindole]s through the organocatalyzed asymmetric synthesis of spirocyclic thiocarbamates via an aldol reaction. Preliminary biological evaluation of several of the spirooxazolines using a model of acute neuroinflammation revealed promising antipyretic activity and provided an opportunity to discover new antipyretic agents.     

Organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of substituted 3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles via Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction

We report a highly enantioselective Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction of isatins and acrolein to provide enantiomerically enriched 3-substituted 3-hydroxyoxindoles, which could serve as valuable synthetic building blocks. This is also the first time that a ketone has been used as the electrophile and acrolein as the nucleophile in a highly enantioselective catalytic asymmetric MBH reaction. Hatakeyama's catalyst, β-isocupreidine (1), turned out to be a powerful catalyst for this transformation.