Peptide late-stage C(sp3)–H arylation by native asparagine assistance without exogenous directing groups

There is a strong demand for novel native peptide motifs for post-synthetic modifications of peptides without pre-installation and subsequent removal of directing groups. Herein, we report an efficient method for peptide late-stage C(sp³)–H arylations assisted by the unmodified side chain of asparagine (Asn) without any exogenous directing group. Thereby, site-selective arylations of C(sp³)–H bonds at the N-terminus of di-, tri-, and tetrapeptides have been achieved. Likewise, we have constructed a key building block for accessing agouti-related protein (AGRP) active loop analogues in a concise manner.

An efficient method for peptide late-stage C(sp³)-H arylations assisted by unmodified side chain of asparagine (Asn) without any exogenous directing group has been reported.     

Predictions of moiré excitons in twisted two-dimensional organic–inorganic halide perovskites

Recent breakthrough in synthesizing arbitrary vertical heterostructures of Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskites opens doors to myriad quantum optoelectronic applications. However, it is not clear whether moiré excitons and flat bands can be formed in such heterostructures. Here, we predict from first principles that twisted homobilayers of RP perovskite, MA₂PbI₄, can host moiré excitons and yield flat energy bands. The moiré excitons exhibit unique and hybridized characteristics with electrons confined in a single layer of a striped distribution while holes localized in both layers. Nearly flat valence bands can be formed in the bilayers with relatively large twist angles, thanks to the presence of hydrogen bonds that strengthen the interlayer coupling. External pressures can further increase the interlayer coupling, yielding more localized moiré excitons and flatter valence bands. Finally, electrostatic gating is predicted to tune the degree of hybridization, energy, position and localization of moiré excitons in twisted MA₂PbI₄ bilayers.

Excitonic states in twisted MA₂PbI₄ bilayers were calculated by first-principles calculations.     

Thermal degradation behavior of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polyamide 6 composites

This paper focuses on the thermal degradation behavior of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)/polyamide 6 (PA6) composites under air and nitrogen atmosphere using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show that the dispersion of amino-functionalized MWNTs (f-MWNTs) in PA6 is more homogeneous than purified MWNTs (p-MWNTs). The presence of MWNTs improves the thermal stability of PA6 under air obviously, but has little effect on the thermal degradation behavior of PA6 under nitrogen atmosphere. The activation energies for degradation under air, E_a, estimated by Kissinger method, are 153, 165 and 169 kJ/mol for neat PA6, p-MWNTs/PA6 and f-MWNTs/PA6 composites, respectively. The p-MWNTs/PA6 composites show two-step degradation not only under air but also under nitrogen atmosphere, however, neat PA6 and the f-MWNTs/PA6 composites exhibit two-step degradation only under air.     

766例厌食患儿病因分析

将766例厌食患儿发中元素含量与对照组比较，发Zn、Ca、Cu含量明显低于对照组，而Fe、Pb含量婴幼儿明显高于对照组，提示Zn、Ca等营养元素缺乏引起的体内元素代谢紊乱可能是厌食的病因，同时发现喂养不当和不良饮食习惯也是厌食的重要原因，提示学龄前儿童是厌食的好发年龄。     

高水相W／O型乳化膏体油膜稳定性的研究

高水相Ｗ／Ｏ型乳液是指水相体积占７４％以上，属于高度不稳定的分散体系［１，２］．乳化炸药的问世，使这种高水相Ｗ／Ｏ型乳液有了新的实际应用．这种炸药是９０％～９５％重的硝酸铵盐（占水相８０％～９０％重）水溶液高度分散在５％～１０％的油相中构成Ｗ／Ｏ型乳...     

DNA-templated Ag nanocluster formation

The high affinity of Ag+ for DNA bases has enabled creation of short oligonucleotide-encapsulated Ag nanoclusters without formation of large nanoparticles. Time-dependent formation of cluster sizes ranging from Ag1 to Ag4/oligonucleotide were observed with strong, characteristic electronic transitions between 400 and 600 nm. The slow nanocluster formation kinetics enables observation of specific aqueous nanocluster absorptions that evolve over a period of 12 h. Induced circular dichroism bands confirm that the nanoclusters are associated with the chiral ss-DNA template. Fluorescence, absorption, mass, and NMR spectra all indicate that multiple species are present, but that their creation is both nucleotide- and time-dependent.     

Pseudo[n,m]rotaxanes of Cucurbit[7/8]uril and Viologen‐Naphthalene Derivative: A Precise Definition of Rotaxane

Rotaxane is a kind of classic supramolecule, which is usually constructed from a number of macrocycles and one axis molecule. Herein, we have expanded the supramolecular structure of [n]rotaxane to offer a precise definition of (pseudo)[n,m]rotaxane for accurately describing the two kinds of (pseudo)rotaxanes structures, which are self‐assembled from cucurbit[7/8]uril (CB[7/8]) and viologen‐naphthalene derivative, respectively. Furthermore, these CB‐based pseudorotaxanes exhibit varied photophysical properties, stimuli‐responsive behavior triggered by competitive guest, and self‐sorting behavior.     

轻质直链烯烃异构化催化剂研究进展

上世纪80年代起,全球汽油质量开始向无铅、低芳烃、低蒸汽压、高辛烷值和高氧含量的方向发展,这也很大程度上推动了甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)和甲基叔戊基醚(TAME)的迅速发展,而作为其原料的C4和C5异构烯烃的来源也显得尤为重要.因此,关于C4、C5轻质直链烯烃骨架异构化技术的研究骤然升温,从而掀起了一股轻质直链烯烃骨架异构化技术的研究热潮.另一方面,汽油中C5~C8的直链烯烃通过骨架异构化反应能够有效地提高汽油辛烷值,以适应新的燃料规范的要求,这也在一定程度上推动了轻质烯烃骨架异构化技术的发展.1直链烯烃骨架异构化的机理研究由于…     

二甲醚燃料电池复合镍阳极的研究

制备并表征了二甲醚(DME)固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)系列Ni-Fe-La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.115Co0.085O3(LSGMC8.5) 复合阳极, 电极中Ni与Fe的摩尔比分别为9:1、8:2、7:3、5:5, 电极中Ni-Fe的总质量分数为75%. 利用多种技术考察了电极的物相组成, 电极以及电极/电解质界面的微观结构, 电极/电解质界面上进行的DME电化学氧化反应. 结果表明, 复合阳极中Fe含量的增加促进了电极的烧结, 同时改变了电极/电解质界面的微观结构. 电极催化DME电化学氧化的活性依赖于Ni、Fe的比例, Ni、Fe的摩尔比为8:2的电极具有最高的电化学活性. Ni-Fe-LSGMC8.5电极具有较高的催化DME氧化反应的活性与稳定性, 没有观察到电极中存在明显的积碳现象.     

Model compounds of caged capsaicin: design, synthesis, and photoreactivity

Molecules were prepared with substituted nitrobenzyl groups covalently bonded to N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)acetamide (2) by ether or carbonate linkages. These compounds decomposed under irradiation at 363 nm. Those with carbonate linkages decomposed at slower rates than those with ether linkages. Molecules with dimethoxy-substituted benzyl groups decomposed more slowly than monomethoxy-substituted benzyl groups due to the electronic characteristics of the benzylic carbon.