石墨烯迷你马达的自组装制备及其乙醇驱动运动和油品吸附性能

石墨烯三维(3D)宏观体多集中在厘米尺度并为实心对称结构,且存在“小尺寸”和“低密度”难以协调的矛盾。 本文以氧化石墨烯为前驱体、苯胺为交联剂,在电动搅拌下通过剪切力驱动聚集和毛细管力干燥协同自组装制备球状氧化石墨烯水凝胶,经过高温还原得到石墨烯迷你马达。 所得石墨烯迷你马达具有尺寸小(直径2~5 mm)、密度低(0.2~0.7 g/cm³)、内部空心结构以及疏水亲油的性能。 上述结构特征赋予其乙醇驱动运动和油品吸附性能。 研究表明,充分浸泡乙醇的石墨烯迷你马达在水中可以展现出自转速度3 r/s的无规则快速运动;对水中植物油的饱和吸附量约为794.9 mg/g。     

Establishment of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knock-in System for Porcine Cells with High Efficiency

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - Since the birth of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9, the new genome engineering technology has become a hot topic in...     

改性Mo2C／Al2O3催化剂用于甲烷部分氧化制合成气

 制备了含有少量Ni，Co，Cu或K的Mo2C／Al2O3催化剂，用于甲烷部分氧化（POM）制合成气反应，并用程序升温表面反应（TPSR）进行了表征．Ni可以促进氧化钼被氢还原，进而促进氧化钼的碳化及甲烷的活化，故Ni改性催化剂具有很高的催化活性和选择性，并且有很高的催化稳定性．Co也可以促进氧化钼的碳化及甲烷的活化，故Co改性催化剂也具有较高的催化活性和稳定性．Cu的添加有利于氧化钼的碳化及甲烷的活化，故Cu改性催化剂在开始阶段表现出对甲烷转化的促进作用，但随后其促进作用消失，与Cu的存在状态发生变化有关；Cu改性催化剂具有较低的选择性，则与其促进氧的活化作用有关．K的添加不利于氧化钼的碳化及甲烷的活化，故K改性催化剂的催化活性和选择性较低．     

锂电池磷酸铁锂正极材料的结构与性能相关性的研究进展

磷酸铁锂(LiFePO_4)具有环境友好、价格便宜、安全性能好等优点,作为正极材料已经广泛应用于国内的电动车动力电池中;为了进一步提高电池的性能,需要对影响磷酸铁锂及同类材料(LiMPO_4 (LMP);M=Fe、Mn、Co、Ni及这些元素的混合)电化学性能的因素进行深入研究。本文从材料颗粒体相特征(相结构、掺杂、纳米化、缺陷和锂离子传输机制)、界面结构及在不同的电解质环境下的界面重构和电极结构与锂电池性能的构效关系等方面进行总结,系统化的阐述并总结了影响磷酸铁锂正极材料最新研究进展。     

Exploring the Limits of π-Acid Catalysis Using Strongly Electrophilic Main Group Metal Complexes: The Case of Zinc and Aluminium

The catalytic activity of cationic NHC-Zn^II and NHC-Al^III (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes in reactions that require the electrophilic activation of soft C−C π bonds has been studied. The former proved able to act as a soft π-Lewis acid in a variety of transformations. The benefit of the bulky IPr NHC ligand was demonstrated by comparison with simple ZnX₂ salts. The tested NHC-Al^III catalyst is not able to activate C−C π bonds but simple AlX₂⁺ ions were found potent in some cases.     

Materials doping through sol–gel chemistry: a little something can make a big difference

Several examples of sol–gel preparation of doped materials are taken to illustrate the various situations where the doping elements are responsible for the main function of the material or govern its structure. Other examples are used to illustrate that sometimes unexpected effects can be observed like structural modification and the appearance of new properties. Rare earth doped scintillators demonstrate higher homogeneity for materials prepared via sol–gel chemistry when compared with classical solid state reaction. The XRD study of rare earth doped orthoborates shows that doping can affect the vaterite to calcite phase transition observed in these compounds. A Raman spectroscopic study has been performed on doped silica xerogels and it has been shown that doping ions can modify greatly the densification process in these amorphous materials. Finally, it has been evidenced that sol–gel chemistry allows the preparation of bioactive ceramics with enhanced properties. In particular Zn-doped HAP with anti inflammatory properties has been prepared and Sr-doped bioactive glasses have demonstrated superior in-vitro bioactivity as evidenced by PIXE-RBS study.     

山东省主栽果树生殖器官中稀土与微量营养元素的相关性研究

通过对山东省5大类主栽果树20余个树种的花粉、种子和果实稀土与微量元素自然含量进行分析比较, 认为稀土(RE)与微量元素在各树种花粉中平均含量顺序为Fe＞Zn＞B＞Cu＞Mn＞RE, 种子中B＞Fe＞Zn＞Mn＞Cu＞RE, 果实中Fe＞B＞Zn＞Cu＞Mn＞RE. 各元素在各生殖器官中的自然分布因树种而有很大差异. 但基本规律类同, 即花粉＞种子＞果实. 花粉富集各种微量营养元素的能力都很强. 花粉和果实稀土与微量元素之间绝大多数呈正相关, 种子大多呈负相关, 但相关性均不显著.     

扑尔敏的示波极谱测定

在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈａｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲溶液中，扑尔敏于—１．３６Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处产生一灵敏的极谱还原波，导数波高与扑尔敏在２．０×１０~（－６）～８．０×１０~（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度范围内成线性关系，检测下限达６．０×１０~（－７）／ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对极谱波的性质进行了探讨，并用该法测定了速效伤风胶囊中扑尔敏的含量。     

Interstitial water and the formation of low barrier hydrogen bonds: A computational model study

The B3LYP/D95+(d,p) analysis of the uncharged low barrier hydrogen bond (LBHB) between 4‐methyl‐1H‐imidazole (Mim) and acetic acid (HAc) shows that uncharged LBHBs can be formed either by adding three water molecules around the cluster or by placing the Mim–HAc pair in a dielectric environment created by a polarizable continuum model with a permittivity larger than 20.7. The permittivity of environment around uncharged LBHB can be lowered significantly by including water molecules into the system. A Mim–HAc LBHB stabilized with one water molecule observed in diethyl ether (ε = 4.34), with two water molecules in toluene (ε = 2.38), and with three water molecules in vacuo (ε = 1). Solvation models with different numbers of water molecules predict average differences in the proton affinities of the hydrogen bonded bases (ΔPA) for stable uncharged LBHB systems in vacuo to be 91.5 kcal/mol being different from the ΔPA values close to zero in charge‐assisted LBHB systems. The results clearly indicate that small amounts of interstitial water molecules at the active site of enzymes do not preclude the existence of LBHBs in biological catalysis. Our results also show that interstitial water molecules provide a useful clue in the search for uncharged LBHBs in an enzymatic environment and the number of water molecules can be used as a relative measure for the polarity around the direct environment of LBHBs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012