An experimental method to study the photochemical reaction in solid-state dichromated gelatin during exposure is proposed,
in which two laser sources with different wavelengths are used to induce photoreaction and to excite photoacoustic signal,
respectively. This method is to obtain the real-time characteristics during the formation of the photoreaction product. The
curve is fitted using the Rosencwaig-Gersho (R-G) theory and chemical kinetics. The reaction order and the rate of reaction
may be obtained by fitting the parameters. The results show that photochemical reaction in dichromated gelatin conforms to
the mechanism suggested by Watanable-Westheimer, and the photosensitivity of the samples, prepared under different conditions,
is dependent on the initial concentration of photoactive ions.
Received: 18 April 1995/Revised version: 3 May 1996 相似文献
Rotary biofilm contactor (RBC) is a reactor consisting of plastic discs that act as supports for micro-organisms. The discs are mounted on a horizontal shaft and placed in a medium-containing vessel. During nitrogen-rich growth phase, mycelia ofRhizopus oryzae ATCC 20344 grew on and around the discs and formed the “biofilm” of self-immobilized cells on the surface of the plastic discs. During the fermentation phase, the discs are slowly rotated, and the biofilms are exposed to the medium and the air space, alternately. With RBC, in the presence of CaCO3,Rhizopus biofilm consumes glucose and produces fumaric acid with a volumetric productivity of 3.78 g/L/h within 24 h. The volumetric productivity is about threefolds higher with RBC than with a stirred-tank fermenter with CaCO3. Furthermore, the duration of fermentation is one-third of the stirred-tank system. The immobilized biofilm is active for over a 2-wk period with repetitive use without loss of activity.
This is the second part of our study on the competition model where the coefficient functions are strictly positive over the underlying spatial region Ω except b(x), which vanishes in a nontrivial subdomain of Ω, and is positive in the rest of Ω. In part I, we mainly discussed the existence of two kinds of steady-state solutions of this system, namely, the classical steady-states and the generalized steady-states. Here we use these solutions to determine the dynamics of the model. We do this with the help of the perturbed model where b(x) is replaced by b(x)+ε, which itself is a classical competition model. This approach also reveals the interesting relationship between the steady-state solutions (both classical and generalized) of the above system and that of the perturbed system. 相似文献
We study the problem of minimizing the number of colors for vertex-coloring of double disk graphs and in this note, show a polynomial-time 31-approximation for the problem, which improves an existing result. 相似文献
In this paper, we study the existence problem of axisymmetricthree-dimensional finger solutions of MullinsSekerkaequation. The finger solutions are travelling wave solutionswhose finger-shaped interfaces are moving along a certain directionat a constant speed within a cylindrical domain. The existenceof at least one axisymmetric three-dimensional finger solutionis obtained through a fixed-point argument of the Hilbert transformation. 相似文献
Let Km,nbe a complete bipartite graph with two partite sets having m and n vertices, respectively. A Kp,q-factorization of Km,n is a set of edge-disjoint Kp,q-factors of Km,n which partition the set of edges of Km,n. When p = 1 and q is a prime number, Wang, in his paper “On K1,k-factorizations of a complete bipartite graph” (Discrete Math, 1994, 126: 359—364), investigated the K1,q-factorization of Km,nand gave a sufficient condition for such a factorization to exist. In the paper “K1,k-factorizations of complete bipartite graphs” (Discrete Math, 2002, 259: 301—306), Du and Wang extended Wang’s result to the
case that q is any positive integer. In this paper, we give a sufficient condition for Km,n to have a Kp,q-factorization. As a special case, it is shown that the Martin’s BAC conjecture is true when p : q = k : (k+ 1) for any positive integer k. 相似文献
In this paper a theory of modal analysis for the dynamic response of fluid-structure systems is presented. A pair of generalized eigenvalue equations with three real symmetric matrices and their relationships are derived from the finite element equations in the form of structural displacements and fluid velocity potential. Generalized orthogonality relations of modal vectors are then developed. The response of the system to external excitation is derived in closed form by modal expansion. Two examples of the solution are given for illustration. 相似文献
When a focused Gaussian ultrasonic beam in soft tissue normally impinges on the boundary of a contiguous bone, reflection and transmission occur. Taking account of the reflection, the steady-state temperature elevation along the beam axis for this case was calculated. The effect of perfusion is also included. 相似文献