A Projected Indefinite Dogleg Path Method for Equality Constrained Optimization

In this paper, we propose a 2-step trust region indefinite dogleg path method for the solution of nonlinear equality constrained optimization problems. The method is a globally convergent modification of the locally convergent Fontecilla method and an indefinite dogleg path method is proposed to get approximate solutions of quadratic programming subproblems even if the Hessian in the model is indefinite. The dogleg paths lie in the null space of the Jacobian matrix of the constraints. An ₁ exact penalty function is used in the method to determine if a trial point is accepted. The global convergence and the local two-step superlinear convergence rate are proved. Some numerical results are presented.     

草鱼出血病病原病毒在鱼类细胞中增殖的研究

应用电子显微镜和放射自显影术,观察草鱼出血病两种病原病毒——草鱼呼肠孤病毒(GCR)和草鱼小RNA病毒(GCP)在鱼类细胞中的形态及增殖过程的一些重要特征。着重描述GCR从“毒浆结构”发生和GCP的特殊装配形式以及两者RNA在细胞中的复制部位和转移过程,也对两种病毒的形态发生动态、释放形式与宿主细胞的病变效应作了观察和讨论。     

无机偶合流动注射化学发光法测定锑（Ⅲ）

将锑（Ⅲ）对铬（Ⅵ）氧化Ｉ＾－产生Ｉ２的诱导作用和Ｉ２氧化鲁米诺化学发光反应相偶合，建立了一种流动注射化学发光测定痕量锑的新方法。本方法线性范围１×１０＾－９￣１×１０＾５ｇ／ｍＬ；ＲＳＤ〈４％（ｎ＝１１，Ｃ＝７×１０＾－９ｇ／ｍＬ）；检出限为１×１０＾－１０ｇ／ｍＬ。本法用于矿样中锑的测定，结果令人满意。     

无机热化学数据库中卤化物高温熵的计算机预报

在W. M. Latimer估算化合物标准熵的方法的基础上,建立了卤化物高温熵的计算机预报方法。作为试验,未参加训练的18个卤化物高温熵的预报值与实验值作了对照,其偏差均小于20焦耳/度·摩尔,即与若干卤化物标准熵的实验误差相近。     

铒和钕对铸态ZK60镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究了铒和钕对铸态ZK60镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：ZK60镁合金中添加Er或Nd能够细化晶粒，改变合金的显微组织。当ZK60镁合金中加入1．0％（质量分数）的Er或Nd具有最佳的细化效果，与原ZK60镁合金晶粒尺寸相比较，晶粒的平均直径由原来的33．0μm分别减少至23．6和25．2μm。添加Er或Nd的ZK60镁合金形成古有Er或Nd的稀土共晶相，其熔点为518℃。稀土共晶相对晶粒具有钉扎作用，提高合金在150℃时的抗拉强度。稀土共晶相的形态和分布对室温力学性能有显著影响。含有Er的共晶相析出数量较少，沿晶界不连续分布，提高合盒室温强度的同时塑性略有改善，而含有Nd的共晶相形态粗大，析出数量较多，沿晶界网状连续分布，合金固溶强化效果明显减弱，室温强度和塑性均降低。     

金属卟啉－甲基紫精二连体配合物的合成及其光化学行为

本文合成了四（对－氯代甲基）苯基－甲基紫精卟啉及其Ｚｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｎ配合物，用元素分析、红外光谱和紫外可见光谱进行了表征．研究了它们的光化学性质．结果表明．在ＴＥＯＡ中光照使Ｍ·ＴＣＭＰＰ—ｍｖ￣２＋发生了分子内从卟啉到甲基紫精的电子迁移反应．在ＺｎＴＣＭＰＰ－ｍｖ￣２＋／ＴＥＯＡ／ＤＭＳＯ—Ｈ２Ｏ体系中可发生光敏化还原ｍｖ２＋反应，生成较稳定的ｍｖ＋．在Ｍｎ（Ⅲ）ＴＣＭＰＰ－ｍｖ２＋／ＣＨ３ＯＨ／Ｈ２Ｏ体系中可发生光助氧化甲醇反应，并检出了氧化产物甲醛．     

Relationship among drug delivery behavior,degradation behavior and morphology of copolylactones derived from glycolide,l‐lactide and ε‐caprolactone

A series of copolylactones was synthesized by ring‐opening copolymerization of glycolide, L ‐lactide and ?‐caprolactone, using stannous octoate as catalyst. The in vitro degradation behaviors of them were studied and data demonstrated different degradation rates which mainly depended on the compositions. Investigation of the 5‐fluorouracil (5‐Fu) release from these copolylactones revealed that the composition, degradation rate and the morphology of the polymeric matrix played an important role on the drug release kinetics. A sustained 5‐Fu release without initial time lag was obtained from random poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide‐co‐caprolactone) (r‐PGLC) drug carrier, and it differed from the cases of polylactide (PLA) or random poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA), which usually showed an initial time lag or biphasic drug release behavior. It was due to the low glass transition temperature (T _g) of the r‐PGLC and the drug would diffuse faster in rubbery state under the experimental temperature. Furthermore, a significant change in the drug release behavior of r‐PGLC was observed when the temperatures were changed around the T _g of the drug carrier, which implied that the drug release behavior could be regulated by adjusting the morphology of the drug carrier. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Determination of chloramphenicol residue in fish and shrimp tissues by gas chromatography with a microcell electron capture detector

A gas chromatography method with microcell electron capture detection was developed for the determination of chloramphenicol residue in fish and shrimp muscle tissues. The tissue samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, defatted with hexane, and derivatized with Sylon BFT [N,O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide-trimethylchlorosilane (99 + 1)]. The limit of detection was 0.04 ng/g and the limit of quantitation 0.1 ng/g. Average recoveries were 70.8-90.8% for fish and 69.9-86.3% for shrimp, respectively. The method was validated for the determination of practical samples.     

Diels-Alder addition to fluorinated single walled carbon nanotubes

Fluorinated single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) undergo a facile Diels-Alder [4 + 2] cycloaddition with a range of dienes resulting in a C ratio substituent ratio between 20 ratio 1 to 32 ratio 1; IR, Raman, AFM and (13)C NMR characterization are consistent with sidewall functionalization.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定肝脏组织中盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺

建立了同时测定动物肝组织中盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺残留量的固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱分析方法。动物肝组织样品在碱化的条件下用乙酸乙酯和异丙醇混合溶剂提取,提取液浓缩后用乙酸乙酯溶解,然后再用稀盐酸反萃取去除脂肪,调pH值后经SCX固相萃取(SPE)柱净化,洗脱液经氮气吹干后经双三甲基硅基三氟乙酰氨(BSTFA)衍生,采用选择离子模式(盐酸克伦特罗:86、212、262、277,盐酸莱克多巴胺:163、192、234、250)进行测定,外标法定量。盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺的检出限分别为0.30和1.00μg/kg。盐酸克伦特罗添加浓度在1.0~5.0μg/kg范围内,添加回收率为77.4%~88.3%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.1%~5.1%;盐酸莱克多巴胺添加浓度在4.0~20.0μg/kg,添加回收率为69.8%~82.1%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.5%~4.9%;衍生物的峰面积与被测物浓度分别在0.003~1.00 mg/L和0.012~4.00 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数均大于0.999。