Word diversity can accelerate consensus in naming game

In this paper, we introduce word diversity that reflects the inhomogeneity of words in a communication into the naming game. Diversity is realized by assigning a weight factor to each word. The weight is determined by three different distributions (uniform, exponential, and power-law distributions). During the communication, the probability that a word is selected from speaker's memory depends on the introduced word diversity. Interestingly, we find that the word diversity following three different distributions can remarkably promote the final convergency, which is of high importance in the self-organized system. In particular, for all the ranges of amplitude of distribution, the power-law distribution enables the fastest consensus, while uniform distribution gives the slowest consensus. We provide an explanation of this effect based on both the number of different names and the number of total names, and find that a wide spread of names induced by the segregation of words is the main promotion factor. Other quantities, including the evolution of the averaging success rate of negotiation and the scaling behavior of consensus time, are also studied. These results are helpful for better understanding the dynamics of the naming game with word diversity.     

Atomic resolution three-dimensional electron diffraction microscopy

We report the development of a novel form of diffraction-based 3D microscopy to overcome resolution barriers inherent in high-resolution electron microscopy and tomography. By combining coherent electron diffraction with the oversampling phasing method, we show that the 3D structure of a nanocrystal can be determined ab initio at a resolution of 1 A from 29 simulated noisy diffraction patterns. This new form of microscopy can be used to image the 3D structures of nanocrystals and noncrystalline samples, with resolution limited only by the quality of sample diffraction.     

Correcting the systematic error of the density functional theory calculation: the alternate combination approach of genetic algorithm and neural network

The alternate combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network (AGANN) has been presented to correct the systematic error of the density functional theory (DFT) calculation.It treats the DFT as a black box and models the error through external statistical information.As a demonstration,the AGANN method has been applied in the correction of the lattice energies from the DFT calculation for 72 metal halides and hydrides.Through the AGANN correction,the mean absolute value of the relative errors of the calculated lattice energies to the experimental values decreases from 4.93% to 1.20% in the testing set.For comparison,the neural network approach reduces the mean value to 2.56%.And for the common combinational approach of genetic algorithm and neural network,the value drops to 2.15%.The multiple linear regression method almost has no correction effect here.     

三波长激光雷达拟合卷云的粒子形状

卷云在全球出现的概率可达30%,其散射特性在气候模式、光辐射传输和遥感领域都具有非常重要的意义。卷云的散射特性主要由冰晶粒子形状、尺度谱、折射率等因素所决定。利用355, 532和1 064 nm三个波长激光雷达数据反演卷云的后向散射系数颜色比,利用模拟计算获得不同形状冰晶粒子的卷云在上述三个波长上的后向散射系数颜色比,通过拟合得出被测卷云的冰晶粒子形状。拟合结果表明,合肥上空卷云中冰晶粒子大部分可能呈聚合物状。     

基于SERS与PCA-SLR实现乙基对氧磷定量检测

利用表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),结合主成分分析(PCA)与分段线性回归(SLR)算法实现乙基对氧磷的定量检测。首先采集820～1 630 cm-1乙基对氧磷溶液SERS,并对820～1 630 cm-1(全范围)与845～875 cm-1(特征范围)光谱分别进行标准正态变换(SNV)、多元散射校正(MSC)、一阶导数绝对值、二阶导数等预处理;然后经PCA降维后利用SLR建立乙基对氧磷溶液浓度预测模型。通过对比不同模型的预测准确度,发现特征范围光谱采用MSC预处理后所建立的模型为最优,总体预测均方误差值(RMSEP)为0.33,满足乙基对氧磷定量检测的需要。     

Sensing and compensation of femtosecond waveform distortion induced by all-order polarization mode dispersion at selected polarization states

We demonstrate full characterization of femtosecond pulse distortion induced by all-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) at selected polarization states via second-harmonic generation (SHG) frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) measurements at an average power of under 28 nW. By applying the inverse of the measured spectral phase via a programmable pulse shaper, we compress the distorted pulses from more than 3 ps to nearly bandwidth-limited durations of less than 500 fs. Our results show that SHG FROG measurements performed by using fiber-pigtailed aperiodically poled lithium niobate waveguides can serve as a robust and sensitive tool for characterization of PMD-induced spectral phase.     

锂离子电池正极材料Fe3+掺杂Li1+xV3O8的制备与电化学性能

采用柠檬酸辅助的溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe^3＋掺杂Li1.1Fe0.05V2．95O8及对比样品LiV3O8正极材料．使用TG—DTA、XRD、FT-IR等手段表征了正极材料的物理化学特性,并采用EIS、恒电流充放电等手段研究了其电化学性能．结果表明：Fe^3＋掺杂LiV3O8与对比LiV3O8相比,能在更低的温度下晶化,能在相同温度、相同时间煅烧下保持更小的晶粒度．Li1.1Fe0.05V2．95O8与对比LiV308相比,特别是大电流下的放电容量有较大的提高,在75mA·g^-1,197mA·g^-1,373mA·g^-1及重新回到75mA·g^-1电流下的初始放电容量分别是307mAh·g^-1,237mAh·g^-1．162mAh·g^-1和302mAh·g^-1．在回复到75mA·g^-1电流后放电容量能非常稳定保持在278．6mAh·g^-1左右,并同时给出了初步的理论解释．