The interfacial dilational properties of hydrophobically modified associating polyacrylamide studied by the interfacial tension relaxation method at an oil-water interface

The interfacial dilational viscoelastic properties of hydrophobically associating block copolymer composed of acrylamide (AM) and a low amount of 2-phenoxylethyl acrylate (POEA) (<1.0 mol%) at the octane-water interfaces were studied by means of the interfacial tension relaxation method. The dependencies of interfacial dilational elasticity and viscous component on the dilational frequency were investigated. The interaction of hydrophobically associating block copolymer [P(AM/POEA)] with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been explored. The results show that at lower frequency, the dilational elasticity for different concentration copolymer is close to zero; at higher frequency, the dilational elasticity shows no change with increased frequency; At moderate frequency (10(-3)-1 Hz), the dilational elasticity decreased with a decrease in the dilational frequency. The results show that the hydrophobic groups of [P(AM/POEA)] chains can be associated by inter- or intrachain liaisons in water solution. The dilational viscous component for P(AM/POEA) comes forth a different maximum value at different frequencies when the polymer concentration is different. It is generally believed that the dilational viscous component reflects the summation of the various microscopic relaxation processes at and near the interface and different relaxation processes have different characteristic frequencies. The spectrum of dilational viscous component may appear more than once maximum values at different frequencies. The influence of SDS on the limiting dilational elasticity and viscous component for polymer solution was elucidated. For 5000 ppm polymer solution, the limiting dilational elasticity decreased with an increase in SDS concentration. The dilational viscous component passed through a maximum value with a rise in the dilational frequency, which appeared at different frequency when SDS concentration is different; and the higher is the concentration, the lower is the dilational frequency. It can be explained that macromolecules may be substituted by SDS molecules in the interface and the interaction of molecules decrease, which makes the limiting dilational elasticity decrease. For 200 ppm polymer solution, the limiting dilational elasticity increased firstly and then decreased with SDS concentration increasing. This may be explained that the interfacial polymer concentration is so low that SDS molecules absorbed in the interface dominate dilational properties of the interfacial film even at very low SDS concentration. However, SDS molecules can gradually substitute the polymer molecules in the interface with a rise in SDS concentration, which results in the decrease in the limiting dilational elasticity.     

Phase transition in single crystal Cs2Nb4O11

We studied temperature dependence of complex capacitance, impedance, and polarized Raman spectra of single crystal Cs2Nb4O11. First, we observed a sharp lambda-shaped peak at 165 degrees C in the complex capacitance, then found drastic changes in the Raman spectra in the same temperature range. Utilizing the pseudosymmetry search of structure space group, we attributed the observed anomalies to a structural change from the room temperature orthorhombic Pnn2 to another orthorhombic Imm2. We also measured room temperature polarized Raman spectra in different symmetries of normal vibrations and assigned high wavenumber Raman bands to the internal vibrations of NbO6 octahedra and NbO4 tetrahedra.     

相转移催化合成对甲氧基肉桂酸-2-乙基己酯的研究

对甲氧基肉桂酸 2 乙基己酯是一种有效的ＵＶＢ防晒剂[1 ,2 ] ,一般采用Ｃｌａｉｓｅｎ Ｓｃｈｍｉｄｔ缩合反应制得[3] ,但由于催化剂ＫＯＨ处于水相 ,对反应物不能充分起到催化作用导致产率较低[4] 。我们利用乙二醇 (ＰＥＧ)为相转移催化剂合成立体专一的反式对甲氧基肉桂酸 2 乙基己酯 ,产率提高到 72 .5 %。合成路线如下 :1　实验部分1 .1　仪器与试剂ＢＩＯ ＲＡＰＦＴ45 0红外光谱仪 ,用液膜法测试 ;Ｂｒｕｒｅｒ ＡＭ 30 0超导核磁共振仪 (溶剂ＤＣ Ｃｌ3) ;ＭＡＴ/44Ｓ ,ＧＣ ＭＳ型色质联用谱仪 ;试剂均为分析纯 ,上海化学试剂…     

Resonance double light scattering method for the determination of proteins with morin-CTMAB

A new determination method of proteins with the limit of determination at nanogram levels is proposed by using a common spectrofluorimeter to detect intensity of resonance double line scattering (RDLS). Proteins including bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) can combine with morin and cetyltrimethylammonium briomide (CTMAB) in the pH range 7.0-8.0 and produce enhanced RDLS signal at lambda(ex)/lambda(em) 305.0/610.0 nm. Optimization conditions for the morin-protein-CTMAB interaction were tested. In the studied system, BSA/CTMAB/morin = 1:2:3. The association constant of morin with BSA is 5.2 x 10(4). Under the optimum conditions, the linear range is 7.5 x 10(-8)-1.0 x 10(-5) g/ml for BSA, 2.5 x 10(-8)-5.0 x 10(-6) g/ml for HSA. The detection limits (S/N = 3) are 66.0 ng/ml for BSA and 23.0 ng/ml for HSA, respectively. Four synthetic samples were analyzed satisfactorily.     

New bioactive triterpenoid from Oldenlandia cantonensis How

A new pentacyclic triterpenoid, urs-12-en-29α-oic acid-3β-ol (1), was obtained from the ethanol extract of Chinese herb Oldenlandia cantonensis How. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopy methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1D and 2D), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and mass spectrometry (MS). 1 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against the human DNA topoisomerase I (hTopo I), the cancer cell lines BEL-7402 and MCG-803, with the IC₅₀ values 12.0, 6.5, and 8.0 μg/mL, respectively. The volatile oil, the fraction of petroleum ether: EtOAc = 20:1 (V/V) on Si gel chromatography, was also quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). As a result, 60 compounds were identified. Among them, the long chain aliphatics, terpenes and steroids, as the representative structure type, were found with percentages of 36.16%, 6.42% and 9.28%, respectively. Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2006, 23(8): 871–874 [译自: 应用化学]     

Supercritical fluid extraction of flumetralin in tobacco

Summary This work evaluates the level of Flumetralin residues in real tobacco samples. Conventional extraction methods were compared with SFE methods in both static and dynamic modes using CO₂ and CO₂ with modifier. Additionally, in the dynamic SFE mode, different collection approaches, such as collection at room temperature without solvent, collection at room temperature in the presence of solvent (hexane) and collection in an ice bath, without solvent, were studied. SFE showed itself to be a promising extraction technique for pesticide residues in tobacco samples.     

LaxBa1—xCoO3系导电陶瓷导电性研究

对ＬａｘＢａ１－ｘＣｏＯ导电陶瓷的导电性及其导电机制进行了研究，在ｘ＝０．５ｍｏｌ处，导电陶瓷具有金属态导是性，在Ｌａ０．５Ｂａ０．５ＣｏＯ３陶瓷中，存在着氧缺位和导电电子，并且此种导电陶瓷具有较高的电子和氧离子混合导电特性。     

紫杉醇的合成进展

紫杉醇是一种重要的抗癌药物,它具有复杂新颖的化学结构,为三环二萜类化合物.本文综述了紫杉醇的半合成和紫杉烷环的各种合成方法.     

黄烷类衍生物的合成及其生物活性研究

An efficient and feasible synthetic approach was developed for the synthesis of an array of new flavane derivafives from the substituted benzaldehyde with the reduction of chalcones and subsequent cyclization as the key steps. The purity and structure of the products were confirmed by the elemental analysis and a combination of its IR, ^1H and ^13C NMR, and mass spectra. These synthetic compounds were tested for xanthine oxidase （XO） inhibitions and antifungal actions against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus sp. and Trichophyton rubrum. 7-Hydrazinocarbonylmethoxy-4＇-methoxyflavane （9） was found to be the most XO inhibitory with IC50=76.4 μmol/L, and the most potent antifungal compound was 4＇-hydrazinocarbonylmethoxyflavane （12） with minimal inhibition concentration MIC=8 μg/mL against Trichophyton rubrum.     

Study on Extraction Process of Root of Henry Wood Betony Polysaccharides and Their Antitumor Activity against S180

We optimized the hot water extraction of polysaccharides from the root of Henry wood betony (RHWPs) using a uniform test and explored their anti-tumor activities in vitro and in vivo. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: 40 min extraction time, liquid/solid ratio 30 mL/g, 100 min soaking time, two extraction cycles, 100% ethanol concentration, and extraction temperature of 80 °C. The molecular weight distribution of RHWPs with MWs was 228,600 g/mol and 5001 g/mol. The IR spectrum further indicated that RHWPs are acidic polysaccharides containing pyranose and furan rings. The main monosaccharides found in RHWPs were mannose, ribose, l-rhamnose monohydrate, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose. RHWPs inhibited the proliferation of S180 tumor cells and induced apoptosis in vitro. Oral administration of RHWPs to tumor-bearing mice significantly inhibited the growth of the S180 xenografts, accelerated apoptosis in tumor cells, and expanded the necrotic regions. Furthermore, RHWPs also markedly increased the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 in the sera of tumor-bearing mice, and activated immune cells such as lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Taken together, RHWPs are a promising anti-tumor agent that ought to be explored further.