低温退火的X射线W/Si多层膜应力和结构性能

W/Si多层膜反射镜在硬X射线天文望远镜中有重要应用. 为减小其应力对反射镜面形和望远镜分辨率的影响, 同时保证较高的反射率, 采用150, 175和200 ℃ 的低温退火工艺对采用磁控溅射镀制的W/Si周期多层膜进行后处理. 利用掠入射X射线反射测试和样品表面面形测试对退火前后W/Si多层膜的应力和结构进行表征. 结果表明, 在150 ℃ 退火3 h 后, 多层膜1级峰反射率和膜层结构几乎没有发生变化, 应力减少约27%; 在175 ℃ 退火3 h后, 多层膜膜层结构开始发生变化, 应力减少约50%; 在200 ℃退火3 h 后, 多层膜应力减小超过60%, 但1级布拉格峰反射率相对下降17%, 且膜层结构发生了较大变化. W, Si界面层的增大和相互扩散加剧是应力和反射率下降的主要原因.     

The effects of Si3N4 interlayer on the thermal stability and hardness of Ti/TiNx (x = 0.5-1) nanolayered coatings

The polycrystalline Ti/TiN_x multilayer films were deposited by magnetron sputtering, and the as-deposited multilayer coatings were annealed at 500-800 °C for 2-4 h in vacuum. We investigated the effects of annealing temperature and annealing time on the microstructural, interfacial, and mechanical properties of the polycrystalline Ti/TiN_x multilayer films. It was found that the hardness increased with annealing temperature. This hardness enhancement was probably caused by the preferred crystalline orientation TiN(1 1 1). The X-ray reflectivity measurements showed that the layer structure of the coatings could be maintained after annealing at 500 °C and the addition of the Si₃N₄ interlayer to Ti/TiN_x multilayer could improve the thermal stability to 800 °C.     

无光滤波六倍频微波信号产生的系统设计

基于两个级联偏振调制器,提出了一种高频谱纯度、稳定的六倍频微波信号产生方法。该方法通过适当调整偏振片的偏振方向、射频驱动信号电压和相位,实现无光滤波器条件下、任何波段六倍频微波信号的产生。利用Optisystem平台搭建的仿真系统,以S波段4 GHz信号为例,验证了该设计系统产生的六倍频信号质量,并分析了非理想射频驱动电压和相位对六倍频信号质量的影响,结果表明：该设计系统能产生最大光边带抑制比、射频无杂散抑制比分别为21.3,15.2 dB的六倍频微波信号;且非理想驱动电压和相位差的偏离应控制在理想值5%的范围之内。     

Two-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic dromion-like soliton in a cold transparent plasma

By using a standard multiple scale method, a Davey--Stewartson (DS) equation has been derived and also applied to a multi-dimensional analytical investigation on the interaction of an ultra-intense laser pulse with a cold unmagnetized transparent electron-ion plasma. The regions of instability are found by considering the modulation instability of a plane wave solution of the DS equation. The DS equation is just of the Davey--Stewartson 1 (DS1) type and admits a dromion solution, i.e. a two-dimensional (2D) dromion soliton decaying exponentially in all spatial directions. A 2D relativistic electromagnetic dromion-like soliton (2D REDLS) is derived for a vector potential.     

Mesoporous material grafted with luminescent molecules for the design of selective metal ion chemosensor

Luminescent Schiff-base groups have been successfully grafted on the surface of mesoporous material MCM-48. The grafted Schiff-base groups were employed to prepare luminescent Schiff-base-Zn complex that was covalently bound to the MCM-48 surface. These luminescent mesoporous materials were characterized with X-ray, UV-VIS and emission spectroscopic methods. Experimental results demonstrated that MCM-48 modified with functional groups exhibited novel luminescent property. The chemosensing property of modified MCM-48 sample was investigated. It was demonstrated that the fluorescence of MCM-48 solid with Schiff-base groups could be completely quenched by Cu²⁺ cation and this mesoporous material was suitable for sensing Cu²⁺ cation in aqueous media.     

The optical properties of planar waveguides in LiB3O5 crystals formed by Cu implantation

A planar optical waveguide has been formed in a LiB₃O₅ crystal using 6.0 MeV Cu⁺-ions with a dose of 1 × 10¹⁵ ions/cm² at room temperature. Possible propagating modes were measured at a wavelength of 633 nm using the prism-coupling method. The refractive index profiles of the waveguide were reconstructed by an effective refractive index method and the beam propagation method was used to investigate the properties of the propagation modes in the formed waveguide. The results suggest that the fundamental TE₀ and TM₀ modes may be well-confined and propagate a longer distance inside the waveguide. The implantation process was also simulated using the transport of ions in matter code (TRIM), which indicates that the nuclear energy deposition may be the main factor for the refractive index change.     

ZnO/A1lN/Si(111)薄膜的外延生长和性能研究

用常压金属化学气相沉积法(MOCVD)在Si(111)衬底上制备了马赛克结构ZnO单晶薄膜.引入低温AlN缓冲层以阻止衬底氧化、缓解热失配和晶格失配.薄膜双晶X射线衍射2θ/ω联动扫描只出现了Si(111)、ZnO(000l)及AlN(000l)的衍射峰.ZnO/AlN/Si(111)薄膜C方向晶格常量为0.5195 nm,表明在面方向处于张应力状态;其对称(0002)面和斜对称(1012)面的双晶X射线衍ω摇摆曲线半峰全宽分别为460"和1105";干涉显微镜观察其表面有微裂纹,裂纹密度为20 cm-1;3 μm×3μm范围的原子力显微镜均方根粗糙度为1.5 nm激光实时监测曲线表明薄膜为准二维生长,生长速率4.3μm/h.低温10 K光致发光光谱观察到了薄膜的自由激子、束缚激子发射及它们的声子伴线.所有结果表明,采用金属化学气相沉积法并引入AlN为缓冲层能有效提高Si(111)衬底上ZnO薄膜的质量.     

光纤光栅腐蚀传感器

提出了一种测量钢筋腐蚀的新型传感器.这种传感器将光纤光栅拉伸后固定在圆形钢筋的表面,在钢筋被腐蚀后,光纤光栅所受到的拉伸应变将被释放,光纤光栅的反射光波长发生变化,通过测量光纤光栅的波长就可以测得钢筋腐蚀程度.这种传感器测量准确度优于±0.1 μm,测量范围约12 μm,可用于混凝土结构中钢筋腐蚀的早期监测.     

具有高机械强度的掺Er3+∶TeO2-Nb2O5玻璃的光谱性质研究

熔制了掺铒碲铌玻璃样品(100-XTeO2-XNb2O5(X=5,10,15,20 mol%),测试了其密度、折射率、转变温度、析晶温度、维氏机械强度、吸收光谱、荧光光谱、荧光寿命等参量。利用Judd-Ofelt和McCumber理论分别计算了铒离子强度参量Ωt (t=2, 4, 6)和受激发射截面σemi的大小,研究了掺铒碲铌玻璃样品光谱参量对Nb2O5成分的依赖性,并与典型的碲锌钠玻璃（75TeO2-20ZnO-5Na2O）在热学、机械强度、光谱性质和放大品行四个方面进行了比较.     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯掺杂Ce3+的飞秒激光三维信息存储

用飞秒激光(200 fs,1 kHz,800 nm)脉冲在掺杂稀土离子Ce3 的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)膜中进行了光存储实验研究,包括对样品的吸收光谱、激光照射前后的电子旋转共振(Electron spin resonance,ESR)光谱的测量和讨论。结果表明掺杂稀土离子Ce3 的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯膜具有较低的写入阈值,有利于高速、并行的三维光存储。实验结果采用传统光学显微镜并行读出。给出了四层存储结果(点间距和层间距分别是4μm和16μm),并讨论了脉冲能量的大小对空腔尺寸的影响,进行高密度存储时,在保证读出信号灰度值足够大的情况下,应选择尽量小的激光脉冲写入能量。实验结果表明这种材料可以应用于三维光信息存储。