Constraints on kinematic models from the latest observational data

Kinematical models are constrained by the latest observational data from geometry-distance measurements, which include 557 type Ia supernovae (SNIa) Union2 data and 15 observational Hubble data. Considering two parameterized deceleration parameter, the values of current deceleration parameter q₀$q_0$, jerk parameter j₀$j_0$ and transition redshift zT$z_T$, are obtained. Furthermore, we show the departures for two parameterized kinematical models from ΛCDM model according to the evolutions of jerk parameter j(z)$j(z)$. Also, it is shown that the constraint on jerk parameter j(z)$j(z)$ is weak by the current geometrical observed data.     

Lewis acid catalyzed direct cyanation of indoles and pyrroles with N-cyano-N-phenyl-p-toluenesulfonamide (NCTS)

BF(3)·OEt(2)-catalyzed direct cyanation of indoles and pyrroles using a less toxic, bench-stable, and easily handled electrophilic cyanating agent N-cyano-N-phenyl-para-toluenesulfonamide (NCTS) affords 3-cyanoindoles and 2-cyanopyrroles in good yields with excellent regioselectivity. The substrate scope is broad with respect to indoles and pyrroles.     

Determination of nitroanilines in hair dye using polymer monolith microextraction coupled with HPLC

In this study, a novel method for the determination of nitroanilines in hair dye samples has been developed based on poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monolith microextraction (PMME) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Four nitroanilines, p-nitroaniline (PNAL), m-nitroaniline (MNAL), o-nitroaniline (ONAL), and 2,4-dinitroaniline (DNAL), are studied as representatives. To obtain optimum extraction efficiency, several experimental parameters including sample flow rate, sample volume, sample pH, and eluent flow rate have been investigated. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the linear regression coefficients of the standard curves are greater than 0.9990. The limits of detection for p-nitroaniline, m-nitroaniline, o-nitroaniline, and 2,4-dinitroaniline are 0.012, 0.008, 0.018, and 0.005 μg/mL, respectively. The intraday and interday relative standard deviations are less than 3.1 and 5.4%, respectively. The proposed method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and competent when used for the determination of nitroanilines in hair dye samples and the accuracy is assessed through recovery experiments.     

The Prominent Enhancing Effect of the Cation–π Interaction on the Halogen–Hydride Halogen Bond in M1⋅⋅⋅C6H5X⋅⋅⋅HM2

We designed M¹???C₆H₅X???HM² (M¹=Li⁺, Na⁺; X=Cl, Br; M²=Li, Na, BeH, MgH) complexes to enhance halogen–hydride halogen bonding with a cation–π interaction. The interaction strength has been estimated mainly in terms of the binding distance and the interaction energy. The results show that halogen–hydride halogen bonding is strengthened greatly by a cation–π interaction. The interaction energy in the triads is two to six times as much as that in the dyads. The largest interaction energy is ?8.31 kcal mol^?1 for the halogen bond in the Li⁺???C₆H₅Br???HNa complex. The nature of the cation, the halogen donor, and the metal hydride influence the nature of the halogen bond. The enhancement effect of Li⁺ on the halogen bond is larger than that of Na⁺. The halogen bond in the Cl donor has a greater enhancement than that in the Br one. The metal hydride imposes its effect in the order HBeH<HMgH<HNa<HLi for the Cl complex and HBeH<HMgH<HLi<HNa for the Br complex. The large cooperative energy indicates that there is a strong interplay between the halogen–hydride halogen bonding and the cation–π interaction. Natural bond orbital and energy decomposition analyses indicate that the electrostatic interaction plays a dominate role in enhancing halogen bonding by a cation–π interaction.     

基于GPRS和ZigBee的节能型LED路灯智能控制系统

针对现有城市路灯控制系统路灯使用寿命短、无法远程操控、不能自动识别故障路灯的问题,提出一种基于GPRS网络技术和ZigBee无线通信技术的节能型LED路灯智能控制系统,使用ZigBee无线网络与LED路灯控制终端通信,并通过GPRS通讯模块接入GPRS网络与远程控制中心相连,实现远程控制LED路灯,此外,通过LED路灯控制终端实时采集路灯电压和电流,实现LED路灯的远程监控。具体阐述了GPRS通讯模块、ZigBee无线网络模块、LED控制终端的硬件设计方案,软件设计流程,系统通信协议和远程控制实现方法。测试结果证明此系统数据传输可靠、响应及时、成本低、易于实现LED路灯的远程控制和远程监控,具有较大的实用性和推广价值。     

Pgp、GST-π、TOPO- Ⅱ 在胃 印戒细胞癌中的表达特点及临床意义

目的 探讨P-糖蛋白（Pgp）、谷胱甘肽转移酶π（GST-π）、拓扑异构酶Ⅱ（TOPO-Ⅱ）在胃印戒细胞癌中的表达特 点及其临床意义。方法 以免疫组化检测64例胃印戒细胞癌组织中Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ的表达,并分析其特点及与患者临床病理特征间的关系。结果 Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ在胃印戒细胞癌中的阳性表达率分别为25.0%（16/64）、35.9%（23/64）、40.6%（26/64）,在胃高-中分化腺癌中阳性表达率分别为10.9%（7/64）、37.5%（24/64）、60.9%（39/64）。Pgp在胃印戒细胞癌中阳性表达率高于高-中分化腺癌,TOPO-Ⅱ的阳性表达率则低于高-中分化腺癌,均有统计学差异（均P＜0.05）,而GST-π阳性表达率与胃高-中分化腺癌比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。胃印戒细胞癌的Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ阳性表达率在不同临床分期、淋巴结转移患者间比较均有统计学差异（均P＜0.05）,在不同年龄、性别患者间比较均无统计学差异（均P＞0.05）。结论 Pgp、GST-π、TOPO-Ⅱ的表达对治疗及预后判断具有一定的参考意义。     

基于隶属度函数的电子设备故障预测研究

针对当前电子设备模块化方向发展现状,及时了解电子设备的运行状态,预防故障并缩短维修时间,采用模糊隶属度函数的方法,将设备的模糊状态进行量化,引入可信度因子及有关融合算法对以上数据进行处理,最后根据自动测试设备（ATE）测得的数据及专家经验,对该方法进行了验证。经实验证明,该方法是可行有效的,对电子设备的故障预测具有较高的准确度。     

管道结构中的类兰姆波层析成像

理论和实验上研究了层析成像在管道结构导波检测中的适用性。在管的两个圆周带上分别布置发射和接收换能器,形成多点发射-多点接收的几何结构。将管中绕管道沿最短路径的螺旋方向到达接收换能器的模式作为感兴趣的模式,它们看起来像在弯曲的板中传播,称之为类兰姆波模式。给出了类兰姆波各射线路径走时的理论计算方法,并采用联合迭代重建技术(SIRT)对走时数据进行慢度图像重建。数值模拟和实验研究了管中横穿孔缺陷层析成像的输出并对健康管和缺陷管中类兰姆波的走时数据进行比较,发现穿过缺陷区域的类兰姆波因为绕过缺陷传播而呈现出更长的走时。文中也给出了两缺陷管道类兰姆波层析成像的数值模拟和实验结果,相比单缺陷的情况,射线较少穿过区域缺陷的重建图像质量下降。研究结果为采用类兰姆波模式进行管道缺陷无损评价提供了理论依据。     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法检测尿液中乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷

建立了固相萃取(SPE)-气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测尿液样本中乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷(EtG)的方法.1 mL尿液样本经100μL 3 mol/L盐酸去蛋白后,通过SPE法提取上清液中的目标物质及内标,提取物经衍生化后,采用GC-MS检测,选择离子模式(SIM)扫描,内标法定量分析.该方法在0.1～3.2 mg/L范围...     

Interplay between Metal⋅⋅⋅π Interactions and Hydrogen Bonds: Some Unusual Synergetic Effects of Coinage Metals and Substituents

The ternary systems of C₂H₄ (C₂H₂ or C₆H₆)‐MCN‐HF (M=Cu, Ag, Au) and the respective binary systems were investigated to study the interplay between metal???π interactions and hydrogen bonds. The metal???π interactions in C₂H₄‐MCN become stronger with the irregular order Ag<Cu<Au, while the hydrogen bonds in MCN‐HF become weaker following the same order. The metal???π interactions are weakened as the H atoms in the π system are replaced with electron‐withdrawing groups and enhanced by electron‐donating groups. Type 1 of these ternary systems, in which MCN acts as Lewis base and acid simultaneously, is more stable than type 2, in which C₂H₄ acts as a double Lewis base. Negative cooperativity is present in type 2 ternary systems with a weakening of the metal???π interactions and the hydrogen bonds. Positive cooperativity is found in type 1 ternary systems with an enhancement of the metal???π interactions and the hydrogen bonds, except for C₂(CN)₄‐AuCN‐HF‐1. The weaker metal???π interaction in C₆H₆‐AuCN has a greater enhancing effect on the hydrogen bond in AuCN‐HF than those in C₂H₄‐AuCN and C₂H₂‐AuCN. These synergetic effects were analyzed with the natural bond orbital and energy decomposition.