样品中微量氟化物的测定方法

氟是人体必需的14种微量元素之一。在一定的浓度范围内,氟化物对人体有着积极的作用,但是超出了正常浓度范围,将会影响机体健康。文章综述了样品中微量氟化物的测定方法及其适用性。     

一种微型燃气轮机核心机工程设计及分析

高效微型燃气轮机发电机组可用于航空、航天等领域,还可用于分布式发电、军用车辆辅助动力装置、车用混合动力装置等,因此研究这种动力装置有很重要的实用意义。介绍了一种微型燃气轮机核心机设计过程。这种微型燃气轮机由单级离心压气机、折流环形燃烧室、单级轴流涡轮组成。离心压气机采用进口带导叶、出口带有叶扩压器形式。转子轴采用1-0-1支撑方案。为了解决均匀燃烧问题,采用了甩油盘的供油方式。给出了主要设计参数,对设计的微型燃气轮机进行了初步的性能分析。     

catena‐Poly­[[di­aqua­(nicotinato‐κ2O,O′)­cadmium(II)]‐μ‐nicotinato‐κ3N:O,O′]

The title compound, [Cd(C₆H₄NO₂)₂(H₂O)₂]_n, forms a one‐dimensional chain structure based on a Cd atom with approximate pentagonal bipyramidal coordination geometry and two nicotinate ligands in different coordination modes. One acts as a tridentate ligand, chelating one Cd atom through the carboxyl­ate group while simultaneously binding to a second symmetry‐related Cd atom through the pyridine N atom; the other acts only as a bidentate ligand through its carboxyl­ate group. Hydro­gen bonds utilizing the coordinated water mol­ecules, uncoordinated nitro­gen and carboxyl­ate O atoms as acceptors link the chains.     

Poly­[[di­aqua­tris(μ6‐benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetra­carboxyl­ato)­tris(μ2‐4,4′‐bi­pyridine)­hexacopper(II)] dihydrate]

The hydro­thermal reaction of an aqueous solution of Cu(CH₃COO)₂·H₂O, 1,2,4,5‐benzene­tetra­carboxylic acid and 4,4′‐bi­pyridine gave rise to the interesting title three‐dimensional polymer {[Cu₆(btec)₃(4,4′‐bpy)₃(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O}_n (btec is 1,2,4,5‐benzene­tetra­carboxyl­ate, C₁₀H₂O₈⁴⁻, and 4,4′‐bpy is 4,4′‐bi­pyridine, C₁₀H₈N₂), in which each btec ligand links six copper(II) cations into a lamellar [Cu₆(btec)₃(H₂O)₂]_n sub­polymer framework. There are two distinct diamine units and two distinct carboxylate units, with one of each lying across an inversion centre.     

基于USB2.0的非标准视频图像采集系统的设计

为了实现非标准视频信号的实时采集,设计了以DSP和CPLD为核心的基于USB2.0的图像采集系统。DSP通过数据分析能够产生高精度的同步信号,同步信号经过倍频锁相得到用于图像采集的采样脉冲。CPLD器件内部编程由DSP中断和IO引脚控制实现非标准视频信号的图像采集逻辑。系统与主机之间采用EZ USB接口芯片Cy7c68013,利用芯片的SlaveFIFO工作方式,针对视频图像在场消隐期间无有效数据的特点,提出了一种以场为单位分块传输的实时视频图像传输方案,同时实现了读写数据的双向传输。系统能够适应非标准视频图像同步频率的变化,实现预定格式的视频图像实时采集。     

Iron complex-catalyzed N-arylation of pyrazoles under aqueous medium

Commercially available FeCl₃·6H₂O with conformationally rigid diamine ligand is a highly effective catalyst for N-arylation of pyrazoles using aryl and heteroaryl iodides. It is notable to show that this complex is tolerable under aqueous medium and particularly the whole reaction utilizes water as the sole solvent without any additional organic co-solvents and surfactants. Attempted study using other nitrogen nucleophiles is described. This newly developed system provides an alternative protocol to Cu- and Pd-catalyzed N-arylation reactions.     

以全氟丁基为基础的具有高表面活性的氟表面活性剂

氟表面活性剂的环境和生物降解问题是最近的热点, 特别是全氟长链(≥C8)氟表面活性剂的应用限制乃至禁用已成为必然趋势. 本文合成了一种以短链的全氟丁基为基础的阳离子氟表面活性剂, N-[3-(二甲基胺基)丙基]全氟丁基磺酰胺盐酸盐(C4F9SO2NH(CH2)3NH(CH3)+2Cl-, 简称为PFB-MC). 该表面活性剂适用于强酸性环境, 具有极高的表面活性, 其溶液最低表面张力(19.80 mN·m-1)和通常的氟表面活性剂相当. 通过表面张力方法得到了固定pH(pH=2.6-2.7)情况下PFB-MC的表面张力-浓度对数(γ-lgc)曲线, 以及该pH下外加盐([NaCl]=0.1 mol·L-1)对表面张力的影响; 并进一步研究了pH对PFB-MC在其临界胶束浓度(cmc)前后的表面张力的影响.     

Influence of wavelength,irradiance, and the buffer gas pressure on high irradiance laser ablation and ionization source coupled with an orthogonal Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer

Influence of laser wavelength, laser irradiance and the buffer gas pressure were studied in high irradiance laser ablation and ionization source coupled with an orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Collisional cooling effects of energetic plasma ions were proved to vary significantly with the elemental mass number. Effective dissociation of interferential polyatomic ions in the ion source, resulting from collision and from high laser irradiance, was verified. Investigation of relative sensitivity coefficients (RSC) of different elements performed on a steel standard GBW01396, which was ablated at 1064 nm, 532 nm, 355 nm, and 266 nm, has demonstrated that the thermal ablation mechanism could play a critical role with the first three wavelengths, while 266 nm induces non-thermal ablation principally. Experimental results also indicated that there is no evident discrepancy for most metal elements on RSCs and LODs among four wavelengths at high irradiance, except that high boiling point elements like Nb, Mo, and W have higher RSCs at higher irradiance regions of 1064 nm, 532 nm, and 355 nm due to thermal ablation. A geological standard and a garnet stone were also used in the experiment subsequently, and their RSCs and LODs for metal elements show nonsignificant dependence on wavelength at designated irradiances. All results reveal that relatively uniform sensitivity can be achieved at any wavelength for metal elements in the solids used in our experiments at an appropriate irradiance for the low pressure high irradiance laser ablation and ionization source.     

氧化钇对氧化铝陶瓷致密化的影响

采用湿法球磨方法将不同含量氧化钇粉末添加到氧化铝粉末中,经冷等静压成型,1550℃常压烧结.通过研究发现,当氧化钇含量低于0.25wt;时,晶粒长大,存在封闭晶内气孔,相对密度变小,致密化程度低;当氧化钇含量介于0.25wt;～0.75wt;时,随着氧化钇含量增加,封闭气孔减少,晶粒减小,致密化程度增高;当氧化钇含量为1.0wt;时,在晶界生成第二相钇铝石榴石,相对密度较小,致密化程度降低.     

微纳水溶解抛光工艺参数对KDP晶体面粗糙度影响的试验研究

微纳水溶解抛光与计算机控制光学表面成形(CCOS)小工具抛光技术相结合,是针对大尺寸易溶于水的KDP晶体元件的一种有效加工方法.本文针对小工具抛光中行星运动方式及水溶解抛光工艺特点,为揭示各抛光工艺参数对KDP晶体表面粗糙度的影响规律,对晶体进行均匀抛光,并以抛光头转速比和转速、自转和公转方向、抛光载荷、抛光头直径、抛光液含水量为参变量,得到了最优抛光参数:抛光头公转自转反向,转速100r/min;抛光液含水量7.5;(质量分数);使用较大尺寸抛光头(工件尺寸的十分之一至五分之一).