Visible Light-Driven Alkyne-Grafted Ethylene-Bridged Azobenzene Chromophores for Photothermal Utilization

Molecular photoswitches are considered to be important candidates in the field of solar energy storage due to their sensitive and reversible bidirectional optical response. Nevertheless, it is still a daunting challenge to design a molecular photoswitch to improve the low solar spectrum utilization and quantum yields while achieving charging and discharging of heat without solvent assistance. Herein, a series of visible-light-driven ethylene-bridged azobenzene (b-Azo) chromophores with different alkyne substituents which can undergo isomerization reactions promoted in both directions by visible light are reported. Their visible light responsiveness improves their solar spectrum utilization while also having high quantum yields. In addition, as the compounds are liquids, there is no need to dissolve the compounds in order to exploit this switching. The photoisomerization of b-Azo can be adjusted by alkyne-related substituents, and hexyne-substituted b-Azo is able to store and release photothermal energy with a high density of 106.1 J·g⁻¹, and can achieve a temperature increase of 1.8 °C at a low temperature of −1 °C.     

蝙蝠喉部发声组织建模及发声机理*

建立蝙蝠发声组织模型对超声机理研究及在智能设备的应用具有重要意义。根据蝙蝠喉部发声组织结构特点,通过有限元方法构建了蝙蝠的3种不同发声组织模型,分析了尺寸、材料力学参数、组织结构和张力4个因素对发声组织特征频率的影响。结果表明,如果用人类声带,按比例缩小构建蝙蝠喉部组织模型,蝙蝠无法发出超声波。构建组织结构含甲状软骨和声带的半鼓状模型和只含声带的条状模型,两种模型的特征频率相近且在合理的参数域内均无法达到超声范围。而含膜条状模型的特征频率可以通过张力进行超声频率的调节,这与文献的实验结果一致。因此,可基于含膜条状模型对蝙蝠喉管发声组织进行建模及其发声机理研究。     

圆柱类构件超声相控阵聚焦模型

在利用平面相控阵超声换能器对圆柱类构件检测时,受曲界面结构引起的入射波和回波时延的影响,扫描声束的波阵面产生弯曲,在利用传统迭代遍历算法计算延迟时间时效率低,无法发挥相控阵换能器检测优势。针对上述问题,建立了一种基于圆柱类构件特征和耦合介质特性的超声相控阵扫描成像的聚焦模型。该模型基于换能器、耦合介质、圆柱类构件材料特性和几何关系以及声线模型和折射定律,建立了耦合介质及被检构件的声速、曲面曲率半径、阵列与曲面间的距离等关联的延迟时间聚焦控制模型。利用该模型计算出的延时时间,对各阵元发射时间进行控制,从而实现扫描声束的聚焦。该文以液体和有机玻璃制介质楔块为例,对圆柱钢曲面的相控阵声束聚焦进行了仿真实验,结果表明该文方法计算效率显著提升,同时声束可以在预设位置实现聚焦,验证了该模型在计算效率上的优势与有效性。     

Designable assembly of atomically precise Al4O4 cubane supported mesoporous heterometallic architectures

Heterometallic cluster-based framework materials are of interest in terms of both their porous structures and multi-metallic reactivity. However, such materials have not yet been extensively investigated because of difficulties in their synthesis and structural characterization. Herein, we reported the designable synthesis of atomically precise heterometallic cluster-based framework compounds and their application as catalysts in aldol reactions. By using the synergistic coordination protocol, we successfully isolated a broad range of compounds with the general formula, [Al₄M₄O₄(L)₁₂(DABCO)₂] (L = carboxylates; DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-octane; M²⁺ = Co²⁺, Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Cd²⁺). The basic heterometallic building blocks contain unprecedented main-group γ-alumina moieties and surrounding unsaturated transition metal centers. Interestingly, the porosity and interpenetration of these frameworks can be rationally regulated through the unprecedented strategy of increment of the metal radius in addition to general introduction of sterically bulky groups on the ligand. Furthermore, these porous materials are effective catalysts for aldol reactions. This work provides a catalytic molecular model platform with accurate molecular bonding between the supporters and catalytically active metal ions.

Mesoporous heterometallic architectures are designed by the incorporation of the Al₄O₄ cubane and interpenetration regulation.     

A DIFFUSIVE SVEIR EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH TIME DELAY AND GENERAL INCIDENCE

In this paper,we consider a delayed diffusive SVEIR model with general inci-dence.We first establish the threshold dynamics of this model.Using a Nonstandard Fi...     

低温等离子体数值模拟方法的分析比较

分析比较了低温等离子体模拟中采用的流体模型、粒子模型和混合模拟方法及在放电特性分析中采用的电路模拟方法。给出了每种方法的基本原理,探讨了它们的适应性。利用粒子模型对外磁镜场作用下四阳极装置辉光放电所产生等离子体进行了模拟,分析了磁场对电子密度径向分布的影响。     

Pressure-Dependent Base-Wavefunction Admixture and Lifetime of R1 State of La3Lu2Ga3O12:Cr3+

As a key factor leading to the pressure-dependent R₁-line-shift reversal and R₁-state lifetime, at 10 K, the pressure-dependent variation of mixing-degree of |t₂²(³T₁)e⁴T₂〉 and |t₂³² E〉base-wavefunctions in the wavefunction of R₁ state of LLGG:Cr³⁺ has been calculated and analyzed. From this, the physical origin of the pressure-dependent R₁-line-shift reversal has been revealed. Furthermore, by using the pressure-dependent values of the sum of all square mixing-coefficients of |t₂²(³T₁)e⁴T₂〉in the wavefunction of R₁ state, the lifetimes of R₁ state of LLGG:Cr³⁺ at various pressures have been calculated, which are in good agreement with observed results. The quantum anticrossing effect between t₂³²E and t₂²(³T₁)e⁴T₂ levels due to both spin-orbital interaction and electron-phonon interaction is remarkable, which is related to the admixture of |t₂²(³T₁)e⁴T₂〉and |t₂³² E〉as well as the low-high crystal-field transition.     

H2SO4-H2O中硝酸铜对脱硫石膏晶须生长的影响

以处理后的脱硫石膏为原料,在H₂SO₄-H₂O体系中以Cu(NO₃)₂为晶形控制剂采用水热法制备脱硫石膏晶须,探讨了Cu(NO₃)₂对脱硫石膏晶须生长的影响机理。结果表明:Cu(NO₃)₂对脱硫石膏有明显促溶作用,其中Cu²⁺可减小溶液中各离子的活度系数,使溶液中的Ca²⁺浓度增大。NO^-₃通过静电作用在Ca²⁺周围聚集并对SO^2-₄产生屏蔽作用,导致脱硫石膏继续溶解并使Ca²⁺和SO^2-₄的浓度处于相对稳定状态,有利于半水脱硫石膏晶体的形核与生长。此外,Cu²⁺还可在晶须的生长过程中选择性吸附在晶须表面,生成CuSO₄,促进了脱硫石膏的结晶生长,最终在Cu(NO₃)₂用量为2.0%(质量分数)时制备的脱硫石膏晶须长径比约为73。     

导电聚苯胺线膜修饰ZnO纳米棒阵列的可控制备及其紫外探测性能

基于p-n结的光生伏特效应可构筑性能优异的UV探测器,本文采用水热法可控制备竖直排列的氧化锌纳米棒阵列(n型ZnO-NRs),利用原位聚合法在ZnO-NRs表面上修饰p型聚苯胺线膜(PANI-NWs),再组装成ZnO-NRs与ZnO-NRs/PANI-NWs紫外探测器.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫...     

纳米氧化镱对熔融石英析晶动力学机制的影响

本文研究引入纳米氧化镱对熔融石英析晶机制及动力学过程的影响.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)测试结果分析了纳米氧化镱的引入对熔融石英陶瓷析晶率的影响,采用动力学方法分析了纳米氧化镱的引入对熔融石英陶瓷析晶机制的影响,同时探讨了其等温析晶动力学过程.研究表明,熔融石英陶瓷的晶粒向二维兼有一维及三维的方式生长,引入纳米氧化镱的熔...