[1ChCl∶2EG]/CrCl3·6H2O离子液体中Cr(Ⅲ)配合物的研究

利用电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)和紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)分析,研究了CrCl₃·6H₂O 浓度为0.1～0.6 mol·L-1的水溶液和[1ChCl∶2EG]/CrCl₃·6H₂O ILs中,Cr(Ⅲ)配合物的存在形式。研究结果表明,在含有CrCl₃·6H₂O的溶液中,Cr(Ⅲ)与Cl-和H₂O形成[Cr(H₂O)_nCl_6-n]n-3配合物,其配合物的优势物种受CrCl₃·6H₂O浓度的影响。水溶液中Cr(Ⅲ) 的优势配合物为[Cr(H₂O)₆]3+与[Cr(H₂O)₅Cl]2+,并随CrCl₃·6H₂O浓度增加,水溶液的UV-Vis吸收光谱峰红移,[Cr(H₂O)₅Cl]2+的相对含量增加。而[1ChCl∶2EG]/CrCl₃·6H₂O ILs中的优势配合物为[Cr(H₂O)₂Cl₄]-和[Cr(H₂O)₃Cl₃],且随CrCl₃·6H₂O 浓度增加,溶液的颜色从浅橙红色逐渐变为深绿色,溶液的UV-Vis吸收光谱峰蓝移,[Cr(H₂O)₃Cl₃]的相对量增加。说明CrCl₃·6H₂O的浓度变化,将影响配体Cl-和H₂O与Cr(Ⅲ)配位结合的配位数,从而影响配合物优势物种的相对量。     

Fuzzy modularity and fuzzy community structure in networks

To find the fuzzy community structure in a complex network, in which each node has a certain probability of belonging to a certain community, is a hard problem and not yet satisfactorily solved over the past years. In this paper, an extension of modularity, the fuzzy modularity is proposed, which can provide a measure of goodness for the fuzzy community structure in networks. The simulated annealing strategy is used to maximize the fuzzy modularity function, associating with an alternating iteration based on our previous work. The proposed algorithm can efficiently identify the probabilities of each node belonging to different communities with random initial fuzzy partition during the cooling process. An appropriate number of communities can be automatically determined without any prior knowledge about the community structure. The computational results on several artificial and real-world networks confirm the capability of the algorithm.     

单层元胞结构金属泡沫的透射特性

本文构建了开孔泡沫铝的简化几何模型,并利用有限积分法模拟了具有单层元胞结构的金属泡沫材料在线性极化平面波垂直入射情况下的透射率。基于菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射理论分析了孔隙率、孔径尺寸、材料厚度和骨架结构对金属泡沫材料辐射特性的影响。当尺度参数较大时,金属泡沫材料的固相支架结构满足良导体条件,宏观电磁屏蔽效应显著,金属泡沫材料呈现"非透明"性质。随着入射电磁波波长逐渐接近于孔径尺寸,散射效应越来越显著,金属泡沫材料的"半透明"性质开始显现,不同孔隙率的金属泡沫材料的透射率以相近的规律随波长变化。随着波长的进一步减小,衍射效应对于金属泡沫材料透射特性的影响逐渐占据主导地位,采用菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射理论可以较好地描述透射能流在孔隙结构内的分布。当衍射效应占据主导地位时,对于相同孔隙率金属泡沫材料,孔径尺寸对衍射光学行为影响不大,而材料厚度、孔隙率和骨架结构会显著影响金属泡沫材料的透射率。     

α-K_7P_2W_(17)FeO_(61)纳米纤维的制备与表征

运用高压静电纺丝和程序焙烧方法,制备α-K_7P_2W_(17)FeO_(61)纳米纤维丝。通过红外光谱(FTIR),X射线粉末衍射(XRD)进行了表征,结果表明制备的纳米纤维是纯α-K_7P_2W_(17)FeO_(61),扫描电子显微镜照片(SEM)显示焙烧后产物为纳米纤维丝,直径分布图显示其平均直径大约为1 55nm。     

Nonclassicality and Decoherence of Photon-added Thermo-invariant Coherent State

By introducing a kind of new quantum state—Photon-added thermo invariant coherent state (PATCS), we discuss its nonclassicality in terms of the negativity of Wigner function (WF) after deriving its analytical expression. It is found that the Wigner function is related to Lagurre-Gaussian function. We then study the effect of decoherence (a thermal environment) on the PATCS according to its WF (also related to Lagurre-Gaussian function). It is shown that it is not possible for WF to present the negative region when the decay time $\kappa t>\frac{1}{2}\ln \frac{2\bar{n}+2}{2\bar{n}+1}$\kappa t>\frac{1}{2}\ln \frac{2\bar{n}+2}{2\bar{n}+1} .     

Analysis of radiation environmental safety for China＇s Spallation Neutron Source （CSNS）

The China Spallation Neutron Source（CSNS） is going to be located in Dalang Town,Dongguan City in the Guangdong Province.In this paper we report the results of the parameters related with environment safety based on experiential calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.The main project of the accelerator is an under ground construction.On top there is a 0.5 m concrete and 5.0 m soil covering for shielding,which can reduce the dose out of the tunnel＇s top down to 0.2 μSv/h.For the residents on the boundary of the CSNS,the dose produced by skyshine,which is caused by the penetrated radiation leaking from the top of the accelerator,is no more than 0.68 μSv/a.When CSNS is operating normally,the maximal annual effective dose due to the emission of gas from the tunnel is 2.40×10-3 mSv/a to the public adult,and 2.29×10-3 mSv/a to a child,both values are two orders of magnitude less than the limiting value for control and management.CSNS may give rise to an activation of the soil and groundwater in the nearest tunnels,where the main productions are 3H,7Be,22Na,54Mn,etc.But the specific activity is less than the exempt specific activity in the national standard GB13376-92.So it is safe to say that the environmental impact caused by the activation of soil and groundwater is insignificant.To sum up,for CSNS,as a powerful neutron source device,driven by a highenergy high-current proton accelerator,a lot of potential factors affecting the environment exist.However,as long as effective shieldings for protection are adopted and strict rules are drafted,the environmental impact can be kept under control within the limits of the national standard.     

化学发光法测定甲萘威

在NaOH介质中,铁氰化钾氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光,甲萘威对该发光反应有较强的抑制作用且抑制发光强度与甲萘威的浓度呈较好的线性关系,基于此性质建立了测定甲萘威的新方法。在实验的优化条件下,测定甲萘威的检出限为5.5×10-11mol.L-1,线性范围为1.5×10-10—4.0×10-8mol.L-1,对5.0×10-9mol.L-1甲萘威进行了11次平行测定,其RSD为1.74%。该法用于合成样品中甲萘威的测定,结果令人满意。     

基于扩频通信的无线抄表系统设计与实现

针对基于Zigbee技术的无线抄表系统成本高、抗干扰能力弱、通信距离受限的缺点,提出了一种扩频通信与GSM技术相结合的远程无线抄表系统设计。结合低功耗的射频收发芯片sx1278,设计了汇总节点、中继节点以及水表采集节点硬件电路,确定了通信的数据帧结构,制定了相应的组网算法。在抄表区域中采用抗干扰能力强的扩频通信技术进行无线抄表,在远距离通信中采用GSM技术将汇总的水表数据传送到控制中心,整个抄表系统具有低功耗、抗干扰能力强、自组网特点,能够实现远程控制无线自组织组网抄表。测试结果表明,设计的系统能够实现稳定的自组网,具有较高的抄表成功率、较好的性能和广泛的应用前景。     

AgNbO3/石墨烯复合材料的合成及其可见光催化甲基橙降解活性

采用固相法合成AgNbO₃/石墨烯复合纳米材料,利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)及紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)对样品的形貌及光学性质进行了表征。研究发现,AgNbO₃与石墨烯复合后,带隙能明显降低,吸收光波长范围增大。以甲基橙溶液的降解为光催化模型反应评价了AgNbO₃/石墨烯复合纳米材料的可见光催化性能。结果表明:与纯AgNbO₃相比,AgNbO₃/石墨烯复合纳米材料对甲基橙的可见光催化性能明显增强。实验条件下,经300 ℃煅烧的AgNbO₃/石墨烯(2:1)复合纳米材料表现出最优的催化性能,它对甲基橙的可见光催化脱色速率系数约为纯AgNbO₃的10倍。光催化降解机理研究表明,促使甲基橙降解脱色的主要活性物种为·O₂^- 和 h⁺。     

氮胁迫下水稻的激光诱导荧光光谱特性

为了指导水稻的田间施肥,解决因过量施肥造成资源的大量浪费以及环境污染,特别是水体富营养化等问题,搭建了基于紫外激光诱导荧光技术的荧光光谱探测系统,以研究水稻叶片的氮水平与荧光强度的相关性。文中先用植物营养测定仪(TYS-3N)测定水稻叶片氮含量和叶绿素含量（样本为水稻分蘖期的倒二叶,采集于中国江汉平原地区）,再用搭建的测量系统采集了不同氮水平的荧光光谱。获得了不同氮水平下水稻叶片的荧光光谱数据库,分析了荧光光谱参数F₇₄₀/F₆₈₅（为峰值740,685 nm处的荧光强度比）与氮水平的相关性,发现氮含量的变化对水稻叶片荧光光谱特性影响明显。通过该实验验证了荧光参数的峰值比F₇₄₀/F₆₈₅与氮含量呈明显的线性正相关,相关系数（r）为0.871 8,均方根误差（RMSE）为0.076 82。实验表明采用激光诱导荧光光谱探测技术具有快速无损等优点,且有一定潜力用于定量测量植被营养元素的含量,为采用荧光技术对农作物施氮管理提供了支持。