Tasumatrols P – T,Five New Taxoids from Taxus sumatrana

The phytochemical investigation of the more polar fractions from the leaves and twigs of Taxus sumatrana (Taxaceae) afforded five new taxane diterpene esters, tasumatrols P–T ( 1 – 5 ) possessing an 11(15→1),11(10→9)‐diabeotaxane skeleton. Compounds 1, 4 , and 5 contain an α‐hydroxy group at C(14), while 3 has no OH group at either C(13) or C(14). Compound 2 is a natural 4,5‐acetonide derivative, while 4 has an unusual spiro‐connected 2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenyl‐1,3‐dioxolane ring. Ten known taxoids, were also isolated in the course of the chromatographic fractionation. Five additional new O‐acetyl derivatives 3a, 4a, 4b, 5a , and 5b were prepared from the taxanes 3 – 5 . The structures of all new compounds were established on the basis of their spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 showed mild cytotoxic activity against human Hela and Daoy tumor cells.     

Photodissociation of Cycloketones by Ultraintense Femtosecond Laser Pulses

ThestudyofphotoionizationandphotodissociationprocessesinducedbyintensefemtosecondlaserpuIses(>lo"W/cm')withpolyatomicmoleculesbecomesofinterestbecausesomenewphenomenahavebeenobserved'-3.Sofar,mostoftheinvestigationsfocusontheexperimentalexplorationofphotoionizationprocesses'-'.Butthephotoionizationmechanismofpolyatomicmoleculesinanintensefslaserfieldisstillambiguous'.,.Incontrasttothephotoionizationprocesses,theunderstandingoffragmentationofmolecularionisevenpoorer.Corkumetal,'.,'reportedthef…     

Mathematical Correction for Polyatomic Isobaric Spectral Interferences in Determination of Lanthanides by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The determination of lanthanides by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP‐MS) is complicated by several spectral overlaps from M⁺, MO⁺ or MOH⁺ ions formed in the ICP. Especially, it is essential to avoid the spectral interferences from lighter lanthanide and Ba polyatomic ions on middle or heavier lanthanides. To tackle this problem, we have developed a mathematical correction method, which reduces all the spectral overlaps from oxide species of Pr, Nd, Ce and Sm over Gd, Tb, Dy and Ho, and Gd, Tb over Yb and Lu. It can also successfully correct the oxide and hydroxide interference of Ba over Eu. The effectiveness of the proposed the mathematical correction scheme is demonstrated for the USGS Standard Rock samples AGV‐1 and G‐2. The results show that the experimental data obtained by applying the mathematical correction scheme for lanthanides is in good agreement with the reported values, using pneumatic and ultrasonic nebulisation methods, for their ICP‐MS analysis.     

Magnetic, electronic, and structural characterization of nonstoichiometric iron oxides at the nanoscale

We have investigated the structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of nonstoichiometric iron oxide nanocrystals prepared by decomposition of iron(II) and iron(0) precursors in the presence of organic solvents and capping groups. The highly uniform, crystalline, and monodisperse nanocrystals that were produced enabled a full structural and compositional survey by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The complex and metastable behavior of nonstoichiometric iron oxide (wüstite) at the nanoscale was studied by a combination of Mossbauer spectroscopy and magnetic characterization. Deposition from hydrocarbon solvents with subsequent self-assembly of iron oxide nanocrystals into superlattices allowed the preparation of continuous thin films suitable for electronic transport measurements.     

New azabenzoquinones by ring‐expansion reactions

Ozonolysis of the pyrrolidinediones 4 afforded the pyrrolidinetriones 5 , which in the presence of Lewis acids were converted into maleimide 6 . Analogously, ozonolysis of the pyrrolidinones 7 gave the pyrrolidinediones 8 , which were converted into the pyridinetriones 11a, b via Lewis acid catalyzed isomerization to yield the trihydroxypyridones 10 and ensuing air oxidation. In solution two tautomeric forms of the pyridinetriones 11 may exist both of which represent hydroxy‐azabenzoquinones. In two steps compounds 11 were transformed into the azaquinone derivatives 19 . Representatives of another type of azaquinones are compounds 28a, b. These were generated in two steps from the pyridones 25 . The azaquinone 28a reacted easily with acidic compounds yielding the adducts 26, 27 and 29 or with 2‐butenal forming the cycloadduct 30 .     

Multi-stage portfolio selection problem with dynamic stochastic dominance constraints

We study the multi-stage portfolio selection problem where the utility function of an investor is ambiguous. The ambiguity is characterized by dynamic stochastic dominance constraints, which are able to capture the dynamics of the random return sequence during the investment process. We propose a multi-stage dynamic stochastic dominance constrained portfolio selection model, and use a mixed normal distribution with time-varying weights and the K-means clustering technique to generate a scenario tree for the transformation of the proposed model. Based on the scenario tree representation, we derive two linear programming approximation problems, using the sampling approach or the duality theory, which provide an upper bound approximation and a lower bound approximation for the original nonconvex problem. The upper bound is asymptotically tight with infinitely many samples. Numerical results illustrate the practicality and efficiency of the proposed new model and solution techniques.

     

On the Choquet integrals associated to Bessel capacities

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal - We characterize the Choquet integrals associated to Bessel capacities in terms of the preduals of the Sobolev multiplier spaces. We make use of the boundedness...     

Solutions of the generalized Dirichlet problem for the iterated slice Dirac equation

Applying the method of normalized systems of functions we construct solutions of the generalized Dirichlet problem for the iterated slice Dirac operator in Clifford analysis. This problem is a natural generalization of the Dirichlet problem.

     

Adaptive Constrained Control of Unknown Strict Feedback Nonlinear Systems With Dead Zone Input北大核心CSCD

研究了具有死区输入的预设约束未知高阶严格反馈非线性系统的控制问题,提出了一种基于免疫函数的自抗扰预设漏斗约束自适应控制策略。首先,针对系统内部的未知问题,采用免疫函数与扩张状态观测器结合对系统内部未知项进行观测;其次,通过Lyapunov方法与漏斗控制相结合设计控制器,使得跟踪误差能够维持在预先设定的漏斗约束范围内;同时,利用双曲正切函数速率变化快这一特性设计自适应控制律,引入指令滤波器避免反步法中重复求导问题,分析证明了闭环系统所有信号的有界性。仿真实例表明了控制方法的有效性。     

Normalized Dynamic Characterization and Application of Multiple Heat Storage Materials Based on Standard Thermal Resistance北大核心CSCD

基于标准热阻和能量流法,推导出储热材料与换热流体的瞬态换热热阻,通过类比电路分析法,获得了储热-换热过程的瞬态热量流模型及动态响应时间常数。进一步引入节点温度,重新定义换热热阻,获得了储热与换热过程耦合的三阶电路瞬态热量流模型,求解得到了加热、储热和释热三类时间常数,可用于协同表征储热材料中储热与释热的快慢程度,从而实现了多类储热材料的归一化动态表征。通过数值模拟验证与应用对比分析,发现基于多时间常数的归一化动态模型用于表征储热材料的动态特性是可行的,可直接对不同换热、储热材料进行对比分析。案例分析发现与固体储热材料换热时,液态金属的动态换热能力优于熔融盐,而相比于水蒸气和CO₂,空气与陶瓷材料换热能更快达到稳态。