Compatible Lie Brackets and Integrable Equations of the Principal Chiral Model Type

We consider two classes of integrable nonlinear hyperbolic systems on Lie algebras. These systems generalize the principal chiral model. Each system is related to a pair of compatible Lie brackets and has a Lax representation, which is determined by the direct sum decomposition of the Lie algebra of Laurent series into the subalgebra of Taylor series and the complementary subalgebra corresponding to the pair. New examples of compatible Lie brackets are given.     

Structural effects of multiple-bonds on aggregating tendencies of long-chain esters

The kinetics of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl esters of three types of single-chain carboxylic acids, namely, saturated, olefinic and acetylenic, was investigated in two aquiorgano binary solvent systems, DMSO-H₂O and dioxane (DX)-H₂O. The ester probes used are: octanoic (C8), dodecanoic (C12) , stearic (C18) , oleic (C18-ol) , elaidic (C18-el ) and stearolic (C18-st). The order of measured CAgC values is: C18-ol>C18-el>C18>C18-st, whereas the order of decreasing magnitude of the observed hydrolytic rate constants of the monomeric species (k_m) is: C18>C18-el>C18-ol> C18-st. These rather unanticipated results are discussed.     

Sharp condition of global existence for second-order derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations in two space dimensions

This paper discusses a class of second-order derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations which are used to describe the upper-hybrid oscillation propagation. By establishing a variational problem, applying the potential well argument and the concavity method, we prove that there exists a sharp condition for global existence and blow-up of the solutions to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In addition, we also answer the question: how small are the initial data, the global solutions exist?     

Revisiting Gouy phase

The aim of this paper is to highlight the added value of the generalized Gouy phase shift introduced by Siegman. Although suited for optical systems study, including those more complex than free space, we note that it did not meet the use that it deserves so far. The analysis of the whole of the ideas and analytical approaches associated to the important concept of the Gouy phase proves its effectiveness.

Usually, the resonance condition is systematically built on the basis of the equivalent empty cavity. Unfortunately, this approach does not cover some of the useful parameters of the real resonator. By means of the generalized Gouy phase and the self-consistent complex parameter q, we derive here a new approach for the calculation of the resonance condition for the real cavity. Moreover, the use of the generalized Gouy phase clearly simplifies the study of resonators, while making it possible to avoid the use of the Huygens’ Fresnel integral.     

First‐principles calculations of Mössbauer hyperfine parameters for solids and large molecules

Electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory were performed for solids and large molecules. The solids were represented by clusters of 60–100 atoms embedded in the potential of the external crystal. Magnetic moments and Mössbauer hyperfine parameters were derived.     

超软X射线流气式正比计数管

介绍了一种用于测量183～933eV超软X射线的圆柱形、侧窗式、流气式正比计数管,工作气体是0.11MPa的P-10气体或氦气-丙烷混合气体。计数管内径为φ25mm,直径为φ0.3mm的入射窗是由厚度80～90μgcm~2聚乙烯甲醛制成的。该计数管的特点:(1)薄窗,对软X射线透过率高。(2)流气式,工作寿命长。(3)能量分辨率好。(4)计数率高(1×10~(14)个/s)。(5)可测能区宽(0.183～10keV)。(6)可以方便更换窗膜材料、厚度及窗口直径。近几年来该计数管已经为高强度低能X光源提供较好监测。     

金属羰基化合物（CpFe（CO）2）2与金属氧化物表面作用的傅里叶变…

用漫反射红外光谱和光声红外光谱研究了金属羰基化合物（ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２）２Ｃｐ＝η＾５－Ｃ５Ｈ５与酸性，中性和碱性Ａｌ２Ｏ３及ＴｉＯ２的相互作用，结果表明，在Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面生成的洗生物种类及浓度与Ａｌ２Ｏ３的酸碱度明显相关，在酸性Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面，主要存在衍生物（ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２Ｆｅ－Ｈ－Ｆｅ（ＣＯ２Ｃｐ）＾＋及少量的ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２（－Ｏ－）；在中性Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面存在的ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２（－Ｏ     

Zeeman transitions in deuterium atoms induced by ultra-relativistic electrons

We present data showing hyperfine transitions in an atomic deuterium beam induced by the (476 MHz) radio-frequency field of a 704 MeV electron beam in a storage ring. A polarized deuterium beam, produced in an atomic beam source, was crossed with a stored electron beam and analyzed with a Breit--Rabi polarimeter. Electron-beam induced transitions were singled out by injecting different combinations of hyperfine states. Transition probabilities as high as 70% were measured at large currents (~ 100 mA). All possible deuterium transitions for a radio-frequency of 476 MHz were observed. In addition, a 1--6 transition resulting from the first harmonic (952 MHz) was observed. The effects of these transitions are of general importance for the polarized internal target technique applied in nuclear and particle physics experiments. The data are reasonably described by numerical estimates. The observed mechanism can be exploited to create nuclear polarized atoms when injecting electron polarized atoms with no net nuclear polarization into a storage cell. However, when nuclear polarized atoms are injected, care should be taken to avoid this mechanism, since it would result in depolarization of the atoms. The studies enabled us to choose the magnetic guide field during our spin-dependent electron--deuteron scattering experiments, such that electron-beam induced depolarizing effects were avoided. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Direct laser ablation of sub-100 nm line structures into polyimide

Periodic line structures with a period of 167 nm and linewidths varying from 30 to 100 nm have been produced in polyimide by direct ablation with a KrF laser using an interferometric technique. The characteristics of this interferometer as it applies to the ablation of these line structures, including linewidth and alignment sensitivity, are analyzed. The ability to control the linewidth by varying the average incident fluence is described theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. This externally generated period of 167 nm also prevents the spontaneous growth of laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS).