Influence of the skin effect on the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a fine metal particle

The cross section of absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a fine spherical metal particle is calculated. The influence of the skin effect on the absorption cross-section is estimated for an arbitrary ratio between the free path and size of the particle. The results of this work are compared with those obtained earlier in the framework of classical electrodynamics. It is shown that taking into account the kinetic effects modifies essentially the known data for the skin effect in a spherical particle.     

Internal nonlinear resonance of charged drop capillary oscillations in a dielectric medium at multimode initial deformation of the interface

Technical Physics - An analytical expression for the generatrix of the shape of a nonlinearly vibrating charged drop of a perfect incompressible conducting fluid immersed in an ideal incompressible...     

Thermoelectric effects in layered conductors in a strong magnetic field

Thermoelectric effects are investigated theoretically in layered conductors with a quasi-two-dimensional electron energy spectrum of arbitrary type in a strong magnetic field. It is shown that, at temperatures sufficiently low for quantization of the orbital motion of charge carriers in a magnetic field to be required, there exist giant quantum oscillations of the thermoelectric field. Thermoelectric emf is studied as a f unction of the orientation of the magnetic field with respect to the layers; experimental investigation of this function allows one to determine the velocity distribution of conduction electrons on the Fermi surface.     

Interaction of electron neutrinos with <Superscript>56</Superscript>Fe in the LSD for <Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">⊻</Emphasis></Subscript>≤50 MeV

The neutrino pulses detected by the LSD (Liquid Scintillator Detector) on February 23, 1987, are analyzed on the basis of a two-stage model of supernova explosion. The number of events due to the electron-neutrino interaction with ⁵⁶Fe in the LSD is calculated. The obtained number of signals is in agreement with experimental data.     

Structure and properties of the mesophase of syndiotactic polystyrene. VIII. Solvent sorption behavior of syndiotactic polystyrene/p‐chlorotoluene mesophase membranes

A crystalline δ form of a syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) membrane was prepared from a solution of sPS (1 wt %) and p‐chlorotoluene (p‐CT) by a solution‐casting method. The mesophase (δ empty form) of sPS was obtained by the extraction of the guest solvent from the δ form of sPS by a stepwise solvent‐extraction method. The sPS/p‐CT mesophase membrane [p‐CT (A‐M)] was used for the sorption of 1 mol % p‐CT for different times and for the sorption of different concentrations of p‐CT, chlorobenzene (CB), p‐xylene (p‐X), toluene, and chloroform for 48 h. The presence of solvents in the sPS membrane was confirmed by IR analysis. A thermal study revealed that the sorption amount of 1 mol % p‐CT increased with increasing immersion time, and the sorption amounts of different solvents increased with increasing solvent concentration. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the desorption peak temperature increased as the amount of the solvent increased in the clathrated sPS membrane. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction results showed that 2θ at 8.25° was slightly shifted toward 8°, and there was no change in the peak position at 10° for p‐CT (A‐M), which was immersed in different solvents (1 mol %); however, the intensity of 2θ at 10° was not similar for all the samples. Among the solvents used for the sorption studies at 1 mol %, p‐CT (A‐M) could sorb more p‐CT and CB than p‐X, toluene, and chloroform. The solvent sorption isotherm was the Langmuir sorption mechanism. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3439–3446, 2004     

A sequential injection system for the spectrophotometric determination of calcium, magnesium and alkalinity in water samples.

A sequential injection methodology for the spectrophotometric determination of calcium, magnesium and alkalinity in water samples is proposed. A single manifold is used for the determination of the three analytes, and the same protocol sequence allows the sequential determination of calcium and magnesium (the sum corresponds to the water hardness). The determination of both metals is based on their reaction with cresolphtalein complexone; mutual interference is minimized by using 8-hydroxyquinoline for the determination of calcium and ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) for the determination of magnesium. Alkalinity determination is based on a reaction with acetic acid, and corresponding color change of Bromcresol Green. Working ranges of 0.5 - 5 mg dm(-3) for Ca, 0.5 - 10 mg dm(-3) for Mg, and 10 - 100 mg HCO3- dm(-3), for alkalinity have been achieved. The results for water samples were comparable to those of the reference methods and to a certified reference water sample. RSDs lower than 5% were obtained, a low reagent consumption and a reduced volume of effluent have been accomplished. The determination rate for calcium and magnesium is 80 h(-1), corresponding to 40 h(-1) per element, while 65 determinations of alkalinity per hour could be carried out.