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971.
Three‐dimensional (3D) printing becomes an attractive technique to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds through its high control on fabrication and repeatability using the printing parameters. This technique can be combined by the finite element method (FEM), and tissue‐specific scaffolds with desirable morphological and mechanical properties can be designed and manufactured. In this study, the influential 3D printing parameters on the morphological and mechanical properties of polycaprolactone (PCL) filament and scaffold were studied experimentally and numerically. First, the effects of printing parameters and process on the properties of extruded PCL filament were investigated. Then, using FEM, the effects of filament specifications on the overall characteristics of the scaffold were evaluated. Results showed that both the printing process in terms of resting time and remaining time and the printing parameters like pressure, printing speed, and printing path length have influenced the filament properties. In addition, both the filament diameter and elastic modulus had significant effects on the properties of scaffold especially, a 20% increase in the filament diameter caused the scaffold compressive elastic modulus to rise by around 72%. It is concluded that the printing parameters and process must be tuned very well in fabricating scaffolds with the desired morphology and mechanical property. 相似文献
972.
Eunsoo Lee Hyounmyung Park Hyunkeun Joo Boniface P. T. Fokwa 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(29):11774-11778
Transition‐metal borides (TMBs) have recently attracted attention as excellent hydrogen evolution (HER) electrocatalysts in bulk crystalline materials. Herein, we show for the first time that VB and V3B4 have high electrocatalytic HER activity. Furthermore, we show that the HER activity (in 0.5 m H2SO4) increases with increasing boron chain condensation in vanadium borides: Using a ?23 mV overpotential decrement derived from ?0.296 mV (for VB at ?10 mA cm?2 current density) and ?0.273 mV (for V3B4) we accurately predict the overpotential of VB2 (?0.204 mV) as well as that of unstudied V2B3 (?0.250 mV) and hypothetical “V5B8” (?0.227 mV). We then derived an exponential equation that predicts the overpotentials of known and hypothetical VxBy phases containing at least a boron chain. These results provide a direct correlation between crystal structure and HER activity, thus paving the way for the design of even better electrocatalytic materials through structure–activity relationships. 相似文献
973.
Juyeol Lee Jihun Kang Sukhyun Lee Young Ho Rhee 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(6):2349-2353
A de novo first collective total synthesis of 11‐deoxylandomycins is reported. A signature step is featured by the Pd‐catalyzed asymmetric addition of alcohol to ene‐alkoxyallenes that assembles oligomeric 2,3,6‐trideoxyoligosaccharides. The unique feature of the protocol is illustrated by a flexible access to various natural 11‐deoxylandomycins as well as non‐natural analogues. 相似文献
974.
Hyeohn Kim Sang Won Im Nam Heon Cho Da Hye Seo Ryeong Myeong Kim Yae‐Chan Lim Hye‐Eun Lee Hyo‐Yong Ahn Ki Tae Nam 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(31):12976-12983
Chiral optical metamaterials with delicate structures are in high demand in various fields because of their strong light–matter interactions. Recently, a scalable strategy for the synthesis of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) using amino acids and peptides has been reported. Reported herein, 3D chiral gold NPs were synthesized using dipeptide γ‐Glu‐Cys and Cys‐Gly and analyzed crystallographically. The γ‐Glu‐Cys‐directed NPs present a cube‐like outline with a protruding chiral wing. In comparison, the NPs synthesized with Cys‐Gly exhibited a rhombic dodecahedron‐like outline with curved edges and elliptical cavities on each face. Morphology analysis of intermediates indicated that γ‐Glu‐Cys generated an intermediate concave hexoctahedron morphology, while Cys‐Gly formed a concave rhombic dodecahedron. NPs synthesized with Cys‐Gly are named 432 helicoid V because of their unique morphology and growth pathway. 相似文献
975.
Kangjae Lee Seojin Lee Namhoon Kim Seonyul Kim Sungwoo Hong 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(32):13379-13384
A general strategy for visible‐light‐enabled site‐selective trifluoromethylative pyridylation of unactivated alkenes has been developed using pyridines and triflic anhydride (Tf2O). Intriguingly, the N‐triflylpyridinium salts, generated in situ from pyridines and Tf2O, serve as effective modular bifunctional reagents to install both CF3 and pyridyl groups to various olefins while controlling C4‐selectivity in radical addition to the pyridine core. This synthetic route exhibited broad substrate scope under metal‐free and mild photocatalytic conditions, granting efficient access to valuable C4‐alkylated pyridines and quinolines without requiring prefunctionalization of the reaction site. 相似文献
976.
Dr. Paolo Bollella Dr. Inhee Lee Prof. David Blaauw Prof. Evgeny Katz 《Chemphyschem》2020,21(1):120-128
Biocatalytic buckypaper electrodes modified with pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and bilirubin oxidase for glucose oxidation and oxygen reduction, respectively, were prepared for their use in a biofuel cell. A small (millimeter-scale; 2×3×2 mm3) enzyme-based biofuel cell was tested in a model glucose-containing aqueous solution, in human serum, and as an implanted device in a living gray garden slug (Deroceras reticulatum), producing electrical power in the range of 2–10 μW (depending on the glucose source). A microelectronic temperature-sensing device equipped with a rechargeable supercapacitor, internal data memory and wireless data downloading capability was specifically designed for activation by the biofuel cell. The power management circuit in the device allowed the optimized use of the power provided by the biofuel cell dependent on the sensor operation activity. The whole system (power-producing biofuel cell and power-consuming sensor) operated autonomously by extracting electrical energy from the available environmental source, as exemplified by extracting power from the glucose-containing hemolymph (blood substituting biofluid) in the slug to power the complete temperature sensor system and read out data wirelessly. Other sensor systems operating autonomously in remote locations based on the concept illustrated here are envisaged for monitoring different environmental conditions or can be specially designed for homeland security applications, particularly in detecting bioterrorism threats. 相似文献
977.
Dr. Kai Lin Woon Siti Aisyah Syaerah Mustapa Nor Shafiq Mohd Jamel Dr. Vannajan Sanghiran Lee Muhammad Zhafran Zakaria Dr. Azhar Ariffin 《Chemphyschem》2020,21(22):2620-2626
Material designs that use donor and acceptor units are often found in organic optoelectronic devices. Molecular level insight into the interactions between donors and acceptors are crucial for understanding how such interactions can modify the optical properties of the organic optoelectronic materials. In this paper, tris(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)amine (pTPA) was synthesized as a donor in order to compare with unmodified triphenylamine (TPA) in a donor–acceptor system by having 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine (TRZ) as an acceptor. Dimerization of donors and acceptors occurred in solvent when the concentration of solute is high. At 0 K, using a polarizable continuum model, the nitrogen atom of TPA is found to stack on top of the center of triazine of TRZ, whereas such alignment is offset in pTPA and TRZ. We attributed such alignment in TPA-TRZ as the result of attractive interactions between partial localization of 2pz electrons at the nitrogen atom of TPA and the π deficiency of triazine in TPA-TRZ. By taking into account random motions of the solvent effect at 300 K in quantum molecular dynamics and classical molecular dynamics simulations to interpret the marked difference in emission spectra between TPA-TRZ and pTPA-TRZ, it was revealed that the attractive interaction between pTPA and TRZ in toluene is weaker than TPA and TRZ. Because of the weaker attractive interaction between pTPA and TRZ in toluene, the dimers adopted numerous ground state conformations resulting in broad emission bands superimposed with multiple small Gaussian peaks. This is in contrast to TPA-TRZ which has only one dominant dimer conformation. This study demonstrates that the strength of intermolecular interactions between donors and acceptors should be taken into consideration in designing supramolecular structures. 相似文献
978.
Samuel W. Foster Xiaofeng Xie Michelle Pham Paul A. Peaden Leena M. Patil Luke T. Tolley Paul B. Farnsworth H. Dennis Tolley Milton L. Lee James P. Grinias 《Journal of separation science》2020,43(9-10):1623-1627
A newly developed portable capillary liquid chromatograph was investigated for the separation of various pharmaceutical and illicit drug compounds. The system consists of two high‐pressure syringe pumps capable of delivering capillary‐scale flow rates at pressures up to 10 000 psi. Capillary liquid chromatography columns packed with sub‐2 μm particles are housed in cartridges that can be inserted into the system and easily connected through high‐pressure fluidic contact points by simply applying a specific, predetermined torque rather than using standard fittings and less precise sealing protocols. Several over‐the‐counter analgesic drug separations are demonstrated, along with a simple online measurement of tablet dissolution. Twenty illicit drug compounds were also separated across six targeted drug panels. The results described in this study demonstrate the capability of this compact liquid chromatography instrument to address several important drug‐related applications while simplifying system operation, and greatly reducing solvent usage and waste generation essential for onsite analysis. 相似文献
979.
BoRa Lee Anthony C. Willis Jas S. Ward Warren T. Smith Ping Lan Martin G. Banwell 《化学:亚洲杂志》2020,15(19):3059-3081
Syntheses of a range of chemically well‐defined oligopyrrole/benzenoid hybrids are described using tandem Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling/bromo‐desilyation reaction sequences for linking borylated pyrroles, halogenated pyrroles and/or dibromobenzenes to one another. By such means, including iterative variants, a range of all α‐linked, all β‐linked oligopyrroles as well as certain combinations thereof have been assembled, some of them for the first time. The conductivities of iodine‐treated thin films formed from certain such systems have been determined. 相似文献
980.
Delbert R. Black Craig G. Parker S. Scott Zimmerman Milton L. Lee 《Journal of computational chemistry》1996,17(8):931-939
We have used molecular modeling to investigate the enantioselective separation of the monoterpene α-pinene on permethylated β-cyclodextrin and on α-cyclodextrin and the enantioselective separation of three cyclohexanetriol derivatives on permethylated β-cyclodextrin. Using the Consistent Valence Force Field (CVFF) from Insight/Discover, we have carried out systematic rigid-body docking grid searches on each of the optical antipodes of the organic guest molecules interacting with the cyclodextrins, followed by minimizations of the low-energy docked structures. A statistical mechanical analysis of the minimized energies yields data that agree in four out of five cases with the experimental elution order of enantiomers. The computed energies of the rigid-body docking before minimizations do not agree with the experimental results, suggesting that a conformational induced fit of the cyclodextrins upon binding of the organic guests may be involved in the mechanism of the chiral recognition. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献