全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2032篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1390篇 |
晶体学 | 12篇 |
力学 | 28篇 |
数学 | 343篇 |
物理学 | 272篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 21篇 |
2013年 | 104篇 |
2012年 | 82篇 |
2011年 | 99篇 |
2010年 | 72篇 |
2009年 | 41篇 |
2008年 | 105篇 |
2007年 | 109篇 |
2006年 | 125篇 |
2005年 | 133篇 |
2004年 | 114篇 |
2003年 | 95篇 |
2002年 | 79篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 20篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 21篇 |
1997年 | 33篇 |
1996年 | 33篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 36篇 |
1993年 | 32篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 23篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 30篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 52篇 |
1981年 | 40篇 |
1980年 | 36篇 |
1979年 | 34篇 |
1978年 | 30篇 |
1977年 | 36篇 |
1976年 | 25篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
1974年 | 19篇 |
1973年 | 13篇 |
1971年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有2045条查询结果,搜索用时 546 毫秒
121.
Evaldo M. F. Curado Sofiane Faci Jean-Pierre Gazeau Diego Noguera 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,24(2)
In quantum information processing, using a receiver device to differentiate between two non-orthogonal states leads to a quantum error probability. The minimum possible error is known as the Helstrom bound. In this work, we study the conditions for state discrimination using an alphabet of squeezed coherent states and compare them with conditions using the Glauber-Sudarshan, i.e., standard, coherent states. 相似文献
122.
Improvements for ground-based remote sensing of atmospheric aerosol properties by additional polarimetric measurements 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhengqiang Li Philippe Goloub Oleg Dubovik Luc Blarel Wenxing Zhang Thierry Podvin Alexander Sinyuk Mikhail Sorokin Hongbin Chen Brent Holben Didier Tanr Marius Canini Jean-Pierre Buis 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2009,110(17):1954-1961
We discuss the improvements in the aerosol properties characterization resulting from the additional multi-wavelength polarization measurements measured by a new CIMEL polarized sun/sky-photometer, CE318-DP. In order to process direct-sun, sky and polarization measurements in a wide spectral range (340–1640 nm), we developed new calibration methods and strategies, e.g. using the Langley plot method to calibrate both direct-sun irradiance and sky radiance, as well as combining laboratory facilities with a vicarious method to calibrate the polarized sky measurements. For studying the impact of new polarimetric measurements on the retrievals of aerosol properties, we have processed an extensive record of field measurements using an updated Dubovik and King retrieval algorithm [Dubovik O, Sinyuk A, Lapyonok T, Holben BN, Mishchenko MI, et al. Application of spheroid models to account for aerosol particle nonsphericity in remote sensing of desert dust. J Geophys Res 2006;111:D11208.]. A preliminary analysis shows that adding polarization in the inversion can reduce possible errors (notably for about 30% of our field cases) in the fine mode size distribution, real part of refractive index and particle shape parameter retrievals, especially for small particles. 相似文献
123.
124.
125.
Jean-Pierre Jolivet Sophie Cassaignon Corinne Chanéac David Chiche Olivier Durupthy David Portehault 《Comptes Rendus Chimie》2010,13(1-2):40-51
The aim of this paper is to show that a very simple but well controlled chemistry in an aqueous medium allows one to efficiently control the main characteristics of oxide nanoparticles. Examples concerning titania, alumina, iron and manganese oxides are discussed to illustrate various effects on the control of size, shape and structure of nanoparticles. Some examples of functionalization of these particles are also illustrated. Experimental data, procedures and detailed references can be found in the cited literature. 相似文献
126.
Adler Roy L.; Dedieu Jean-Pierre; Margulies Joseph Y.; Martens Marco; Shub Mike 《IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis》2002,22(3):359-390
To study a geometric model of the human spine we are led tofinding a constrained minimum of a real valued function definedon a product of special orthogonal groups. To take advantgeof its Lie group structure we consider Newton's method on thismanifold. Comparisons between measured spines and computed spinesshow the pertinence of this approach. 相似文献
127.
McSkimming G Tucker JH Bouas-Laurent H Desvergne JP Coles SJ Hursthouse MB Light ME 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2002,8(15):3331-3342
Aza-crown ethers 2 and 3 with anthracene-containing pendant arms have been synthesised and characterised. Both compounds bind Group 1 metal cations in solution, forming complexes of 1:1 stoichiometry. The properties of compound 2 and its complexes have been studied by a range of techniques, including NMR, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The pendant arms can adopt either a cis or a trans geometry, the cis geometry favoured with larger cations. The geometry of the complex affects the fluorescence properties of the system, with larger cations giving higher excimer/monomer ratios. Upon irradiation at lambda>300 nm, coronand 2 forms the cryptand 5 through a reversible intramolecular [4pi+4pi] cycloaddition reaction. The rates of the forward and reverse reactions of this photochromic process are cation dependent; in particular the rate of the thermal reverse reaction is decreased by smaller cations and increased by larger cations, especially Rb(+). The metal binding constants in methanol for 2 and 5 have been determined, revealing that the cryptand 5 binds Na(+) and Rb(+) more weakly than crown ether 2 by over two orders of magnitude. 相似文献
128.
A series of molecules of therapeutic interest, possessing the new skeleton of 1H-benzo[c]pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridine with acyl or aminoacyl and methoxy or aminoalkoxy substituents on the aromatic homocycles were synthesized by means of a Friedl?nder-type reaction. The requisite 5-aminodihydroquinoline-4-ones 1, whose preparation is described, were reacted with the appropriate alpha-tetralones 2 using an acidic catalyst (PPTS) under azeotropic conditions. Optimized reaction time and yield depend on temperature, which must not be below 90 degrees C. 相似文献
129.
Pedro MaroteBernard Durand Jean-Pierre Deloume 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2002,163(1):202-209
Zirconia powders are prepared by reaction of a zirconium precursor with an alkali metal nitrate. The major part of the reactions takes place before the melting points and then the reactions go slowly to completion at 450°C in the molten salts. The roles of the precursor and the alkali metal ion are discussed considering the reaction between two precursors, octahydrated zirconium oxychloride and zirconium tetrachloride, and two nitrates, LiNO3 and NaNO3, and some resulting physico-chemical differences. The obtained zirconia powders contain very small amounts of alkali metal ions which act as stabilizing agent. Their effect on the balance tetragonal-monoclinic ZrO2 depends upon the homogeneity of their distribution which is related to their ability to diffuse inside the bulk of particles and their polarizing power when located mainly on the surface. 相似文献
130.
Besides properties commonly found for all types of dendrimers, phosphorus-containing dendrimers possess some specific properties seldom or never found for other types of dendrimers. Emphasis will be put on these specificities. 相似文献