Le Nullstellensatz de Hilbert et les polynômes à valeurs entières

We extend Hilbert's Nullstellensatz by replacing the fieldK by an integral domainA and the polynomial ringK[X ₁,...,X _n ] by the ring of integral-valued polynomials with respect toA. Necessary and sufficient conditions onA are given so that this generalized version holds.     

Finite-range DWBA analysis of (p, α) reactions on Be and B

The ground state angular distributions of the reactions ⁹Be(p, α)⁶Li and ¹¹B(p, α)⁸Be are analyzed by means of the DWBA theory. One-step direct mechanisms only are considered, but for both reactions the inclusion of the heavy-particle pick-up is found to be essential. DWBA fits to the data are obtained (a) in the zero-range approximation, (b) in the “fixed-range” approximation and (c) by an exact finite-range calculation. Only the latter method yields both an acceptable fit and reasonable values for the spectroscopic factors.     

Organic/metal interfaces in self-assembled monolayers of conjugated thiols: A first-principles benchmark study

We present an extensive theoretical study of a self-assembled monolayer of a prototype π-conjugated thiol on Au(1 1 1). A series of experimentally accessible quantities are calculated and compared to available experimental data. After assessing the methodology and re-evaluating experimental data in the light of our theoretical results, we focus on the interfacial phenomena determining the modification of the effective workfunction of the substrate and link our findings to the energetic alignment of the frontier molecular orbitals with the metal Fermi level. Since we find no evidence of charge transfer between metal and molecule, the observed interfacial phenomena are rationalized in terms of charge fluctuations and electrostatics at the atomic length scale. The microscopic picture established in this work provides a deeper understanding of the interfacial processes that govern the working principle of single-molecule electronics and organic electronic devices.     

A propos de l'existence et de la régularité des solutions de certaines inéquations quasi-variationnelles

We prove existence and regularity results for a general inequality including fixed point problems, variational and quasi variational inequalities. Examples of such problems are considered.     

Convergence of convex integrals in Lp spaces

We consider functionals of the form: I_f(u) = ∝_Tf[t, u(t)]μ(dt), which are defined on spaces L^p(T, R^k), and we study for these functionals the properties of a convergence for which the conjugacy $\text{I}{}_{\mathrm{f}}\text{→ I}{}_{\mathrm{f1}}$ is a continuous operator.     

Implementation canonique pour les co-actions d'un groupe localement compact et les systèmes dynamiques généralisés

Sans résumé     

A threshold property for intersections in a finite set

Let F be any family of subsets of a finite set E and let n be an integer, n<|F|. Under what condition does the knowledge of cardinals of m-intersections in F, for all m≤n, univocally determine the cardinal of any intersection in F, and what is the minimal condition? We give a complete answer to that. For any n, this determination property is satisfied by n if and only if |E|<2ⁿ, without further condition on F.     

Carbon nanotubes as nanoparticles collector

This communication reports on a new method for the collection of nanoparticles using carbon nanotubes (CNT) as collecting surfaces, by which the problem of agglomeration of nanoparticles can be circumvented. CNT (10–50 nm in diameter, 1–10 μm in length) were grown by thermal CVD at 923 K in a 7 v/v% C₂H₂ in N₂ mixture on electroless nickel-plated copper transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids and Monel coupons. These samples were then placed downstream of an arc plasma reactor to collect individual copper nanoparticles (5–30 nm in diameter). It was observed that the Cu nanoparticles preferentially adhere onto CNT and that the macro-particles (diameter >1 μm), a usual co-product obtained with metal nanoparticles in the arc plasma synthesis, are not collected. Cu–Ni nanoparticles, a catalyst for CNT growth, were deposited on CNT to grow multibranched CNT. CNT-embedded thin films were produced by re-melting the deposited nanoparticles.     

Organocatalyzed regioselective and enantioselective synthesis of 1,4- and 1,2-dihydropyridines

Abstract

Herein, we introduce one of the first examples of asymmetric organocatalyzed synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyridines, affording enantioselective access to and partially solving regioselectivity challenges in the synthesis of dihydropyridines. We demonstrate that through modification of organocatalysts both 1,2- and 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,2- and 1,4-DHPs) can be obtained with high regioselectivity (ratio of 1,2-DHP/1,4-DHP from 95/5 to 0/100) and enantioselectivity (33% ee for 1,2-DHPs and up to 98% ee for 1,4-DHPs) in good yields (up to 87%).     

Hybrid gadolinium oxide nanoparticles: multimodal contrast agents for in vivo imaging

Luminescent hybrid nanoparticles with a paramagnetic Gd2O3 core were applied as contrast agents for both in vivo fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging. These hybrid particles were obtained by encapsulating Gd2O3 cores within a polysiloxane shell which carries organic fluorophores and carboxylated PEG covalently tethered to the inorganic network. Longitudinal proton relaxivities of these particles are higher than the positive contrast agents like Gd-DOTA which are commonly used for clinical magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover these particles can be followed up by fluorescence imaging. This study revealed that these particles suited for dual modality imaging freely circulate in the blood vessels without undesirable accumulation in lungs and liver.