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排序方式: 共有355条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
82.
Lehto V.-P. Rahkola M. Laine E. Ylianttila L. Hyssalo P. Jokela K. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1998,53(3):685-695
The specific heat capacities (cp) for the brain and muscle equivalent liquids were determined with isothermal heat conduction microcalorimetry (IMC) and differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC). IMC was found to afford an accurate technique to measure cp for solid and liquid samples, when an appropriate reference is employed. The accuracy of obtained cp values was estimated to be better than 0.7% with the equivalent liquids. Intercomparison with a conventional isoperibolic
calorimeter showed an excellent agreement within the estimated uncertainty of the isoperibolic calorimeter (±3%). Additionally,
suitability of different kinds of IMC sample vessels was tested, and the standard electrical calibration procedure of IMC
was evaluated through the determination of cp with and without a reference material.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
83.
Derek F. Laine 《Microchemical Journal》2007,85(2):183-193
A survey of the literature covering the destruction of organic pollutants accomplished under mild reaction conditions is presented. Technologies presented are segregated according to two main reaction pathways; oxidation and reduction. Sub-topics discussed are representative of the main component of the degradation system, including the following; electrochemical reactors, hydrogen as a reducing agent, zero-valent metals, biological based systems, photolytic processes, Fenton reaction, and a recently discovered process that is a form of room temperature and pressure oxygen activation. 相似文献
84.
A collaborative study on total aerobic bacterial count was conducted to validate the Hygicult TPC dipslide against contact plates and swabbing, using stainless-steel surfaces artificially contaminated with different microbes at various levels. Twelve laboratories took part in the validation procedure. The total number of collaborative samples was 108. The microbial level in each sample was assessed in triplicate using the 3 above-mentioned methods under 3 different incubation conditions (at 25 +/- 1 degrees C for 48 and 72 h and at 30 +/- 1 degrees C for 48 h). Surface sampling methods detached 25-30% at the lowest (theoretical yield, 1.4 cfu/cm2), 18-20% at the middle (theoretical yield, 10.7 cfu/cm2), and 16-21% at the highest (theoretical yield, 43.6 cfu/cm2) levels of microbes from the test surfaces. The percentage of acceptable results after removing outliers was 89%. Repeatability standard deviations ranged from 27.2 to 74.6% and reproducibility standard deviations ranged from 42.1 to 97.5%. There were no significant differences between results obtained at different incubation temperatures (25 and 30 degrees C) or incubation times (48 and 72 h) for all 3 methods. The Hygicult TPC dipslide, contact plate, and swabbing methods gave similar results at all 3 microbial levels tested: 0.35-0.43 cfu/cm2 at the lowest level, 1.9-2.2 cfu/cm2 at the middle level, and 7.1-9.1 cfu/cm2 at the highest level. 相似文献
85.
Elin Nilsen Janne Puputti Mika Lindén Jean le Bell Mikael Perander Mari-Ann Einarsrud 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2003,26(1-3):1239-1242
A new low cost inorganic binder system for large volume products like fiber insulation, building materials, etc. has been developed based on sol-gel technology. The precursor for the binder system is an amorphous mineral raw material containing silica as the major component. The sol was prepared by dissolving the amorphous mineral material in formic acid and the mineral was dissolved in a few hours dependent on the molarity of the formic acid. The sol stability was dependent on the solids content and the pH. The gel formation was studied using light scattering and NMR. The results show a growing particle size of particles mainly consisting of silica while the other cations were dissolved in the pore liquid. During the drying of the wet gels, salts of these cations were crystallized in the pores and further decomposed during heating. The derived binder shows good wetting properties to mineral fiber surfaces and a good strength of paper-binder composites. The new binder system applicable to approximately 800°C has a great potential as a substitute for some traditional organic systems. 相似文献
86.
Väisänen A Suontamo R Silvonen J Rintala J 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2002,373(1-2):93-97
An extraction method was developed for the determination of toxic elements in contaminated soil samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The determination of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and silver in ultrasound-assisted extracts of SRM 2710 and SRM 2711 by ICP-AES was carried out with high accuracy and precision (RSD<3.7%). The certified concentrations of the SRMs were obtained for arsenic, cadmium, lead, and silver by using an ultrasound-assisted extraction method with a digestion solution of (1+1)-diluted aqua regia. The determination of copper in SRMs by the ultrasound-assisted extraction method and analysis by ICP-AES failed to obtain the certified concentrations at the 95% level of confidence using (+/-2 s) as confidence limits of the mean. However, the same results were observed with the use of the microwave digestion method and reflux, which is the ISO 11466 standard method. The analysis of the SRMs showed that the ultrasound-assisted extraction method is highly comparable with the other methods used for such purposes. The major advantages of the ultrasound-assisted extraction method compared to the microwave and reflux methods are the high treatment rate (50 samples simultaneously in nine minutes) and low reagent usage, the main benefit of which are the low chloride and nitrate concentrations in the extracts. 相似文献
87.
The relative thermodynamic stabilities of a number of isomeric allyl vinyl and propenyl vinyl ethers were determined by chemical equilibration in DMSO solution with KOBu-t as catalyst. From the temperature dependence of the values of the equilibrium constant the parameters G
m
, H
m
and S
m
of isomerization at 298.15 K were evaluated. Propenyl vinyl ethers, owing to their low enthalpy contents, are much more stable than the isomeric allyl vinyl ethers. It appears that in the parent propenyl vinyl ether, the Me group attached to C- of the divinyl ether skeleton has a strong stabilizing effect, comparable to that of alkyl groups in ordinary olefins, on the unsaturated system. In more heavily alkyl-substituted divinyl ethers, however, the stabilizing effects of alkyl groups are less prominent, being comparable to the low stabilization energies of alkyl groups in vinyl ethers, and depend moreover, on the pattern of substitution. 相似文献
88.
Dr. Igor O. Koshevoy Yuh‐Chia Chang Dr. Antti J. Karttunen Julia R. Shakirova Prof. Janne Jänis Prof. Matti Haukka Prof. Tapani Pakkanen Prof. Pi‐Tai Chou 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,19(16):5104-5112
A new series of homoleptic alkynyl complexes, [{Au2Cu2(C2R)4}n] (R=C3H7O ( 1 ), C6H11O ( 2 ), C9H19O ( 3 ), C13H11O ( 4 )), were obtained from Au(SC4H8)Cl, Cu(NCMe)4PF6, and the corresponding alkyne in the presence of a base (NEt3). Complexes 1 – 4 aggregate upon crystallization into polymeric chains through extensive metallophilic interactions. The cluster that contains fluorenolyl functionalities, C13H9O ( 5 ), crystallizes in its molecular form as a disolvate, [Au2Cu2(C2C13H9O)4] ? 2 THF. The substitution of weakly bound THF molecules with pyridine molecules leads to the complex [Au2Cu2(C2C13H9O)4] ? 2 py ( 6 ), thus giving two polymorphs in the solid state. Such structural diversity is established through metal‐chain and hydrogen‐bond formation, which depends on the stereochemical characteristics of the organic ligands. More interestingly, this solid‐state structural arrangement affords good emission properties, such as intensity and spectroscopic profile, which are otherwise very weakly emissive in solution. Metallophilic aggregation of the {Au2Cu2} cluster units, as observed in the crystals, results in dramatic enhancement of the room‐temperature phosphorescence, thereby reaching a maximum quantum efficiency of 95 % ( 4 ). A theoretical approach further indicates a synergistic effect of the array of the metal chain upon aggregation, which greatly enhances the spin‐orbit coupling and, hence, the phosphorescence, thereby opening up a new direction in the field of aggregate‐enhanced emission. 相似文献
89.
90.
Esa Toukoniitty Päivi Mäki-Arvela Ahmad Kalantar Neyestanaki Ensio Laine Jyri-Pekka Mikkola Tapio Salmi Dmitry Yu. Murzin 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2001,73(1):3-11
In the presence of ultrasound both the initial hydrogenation rate of 1-phenyl-1,2- propanedione and the enantiomeric excess of the main product, i.e. (R)-1-hydroxy- 1-phenylpropanone, increased by 75 % and 52 % in toluene, respectively, as compared to the silent hydrogenation. 相似文献