A novel procedure for the aromatization of ring a in 19-nortestosterone

A convenient, 40% overall yield synthesis of 2,3,17β-triacetoxy-1,3,5(10)-estratriene is described, which involves epoxidation of 19-nortestosterone and subsequent acetylation, lead tetra-acetate acetoxylation of the so-formed 17β-acetoxy-4β,5-epoxy-5β-estran-3-one, and aromatization of ring A, by means of acidic alumina, of the resulting 2α and 2β epimers of 2,17β-diacetoxy-4β,5-epoxy-5β-estran-3-one.     

100 GW pulsed iodine photodissociation laser system PERUN I

The photodissociation iodine laser system PERUN I is described. The laser generates and amplifies the subnanosecond pulse with the energy about 80 J of the fundamental wavelength 1·315 μm and beam diameter 10 cm. The physical principles of this type of the high power laser are briefly explained and the laser system and its characteristics are described from the physical and technical point of view. Special attention is paid to the realization of such system with the slow optical pumping (≈300 μs).     

Sesquiterpene lactones of new stereostructural types from laser trilobum

The newly established structures of sesquiterpene lactones from Laser trilobum showed that these lactones belong among the stereostructural types of germacranolides, guaianolides, eudesmanolides and elemanolides.     

A note on the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem

An alternative, concise proof of the general form of Hohenberg-Kohn theorem is presented.     

Infrared and Raman spectra of M2Cu2O5 (M=Y,Ho)

We report both Raman and infrared reflectivity spectra of M₂Cu₂O₅ (M=Y, Ho) at room temperature in the spectral range of 30–1000 cm^–1.37 (31) ir and 18 (15) Raman active modes of Y₂Cu₂O₅ (Ho₂Cu₂O₅) are observed. A factor group analysis has been performed to identify the symmetries of the observed modes. Comparing the vibrational spectra of these compounds we conclude that the phonons above 300 cm^–1 originate from the Cu–O vibrations and those under 300 cm^–1 from M–O vibrations.Alexander von Humboldt Foundation fellow     

Speciation fingerprints of binary mixtures by optimized repeated two-phase separation

A method for determination of the composition of binary mixtures of a metal or radionuclide species by optimized repeated two-phase separations (SORTS) was proposed and theoretically substantiated. Its principle consists in repeated equilibration of two immiscible phases, one being the original liquid or solid matrix with minimal adjustment of its composition and varying the phase ratio (separation stage cut) as the optimized parameter. The batch separation technique may consist in the repeated solvent extraction or aqueous biphasic distribution, or in the replicate equilibration with solvent or leaching solution. Results of SORTS can be presented e.g. by Tukey box diagrams as the characteristic fingerprints of original species composition.     

Qualitative calorimetry of some sulphur rich glasses

By DS calorimetry of Ge₃₀S₇₀(a), Ge₂₀S₈₀(b), Ge₂₀Sb_2.5S_77.5(c) and Ge₂₀Bi₅S₇₅(d) crystalline sulphur was identified in (b), (c) and (d) glasses, respectively. It means that these compositions are heterogeneous. Thus the application of the Phillips topological model for estimation of the “ideal” glassy composition in Ge_xS_1?x system seems to be open.