Optimization based design of a wideband near zero refractive index metasurface for gain improvement of planar antennas in the terahertz band

Optical and Quantum Electronics - A high-sensitive refractive index (RI) measuring method is proposed through the combined use of elliptical core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and Sagnac...     

Microwave assisted synthesis of spiro-2,5-diketopiperazines

A general and efficient method for the synthesis of spiro-2,5-diketopiperazines (spiro-DKPs) is described. Cyclization of Boc-protected dipeptides containing spiro-amino acids by microwave assisted heating in water furnished the corresponding spiro-DKPs. The spiro-amino acids were prepared by combining stereoselective alkylation reactions using the Schöllkopf methodology for amino acid construction with Grubbs ring-closing metathesis (RCM) methodology using ruthenium complexes. The RCM reactions and all subsequent transformations to the spiro-DKPs were run with microwave assisted heating, resulting in high yields and short reaction times for all steps.     

A 1k-pixel CTIA readout multiplexer for far-IR photodetector arrays

SB349 is the first 32 × 32 CTIA readout multiplexer specifically designed for far-IR photodetectors and is operable at cryogenic temperatures at least as low as 1.7 K. Four of these readouts can be butted together to form a 64 × 64 mosaic array. The array is multiplexed into eight parallel outputs and features eight selectable gain settings to accommodate various background levels, auto-zero for better input uniformity, and sample-and-hold circuitry. A special, 2-micron cryo-CMOS process was adopted to prevent freeze out and ensure low noise and proper operation at deep cryogenic temperatures. The read noise of the bare device at 4.2 K and under nominal sampling conditions was measured to be about 250e^? for the 106fF signal capacitor with the well capacity of 400ke^?. Hybridized to a typical germanium detector, the array should achieve NEP levels in the low 10^–18 W/√Hz. An overview of the design and the latest results of the test and characterization of this device are reported in this paper.