Application of ionic liquid doped solid polymer electrolyte

The electrical, structural, and photoelectrochemical properties of the polymer electrolyte PEO:NaI/I₂ doped with an ionic liquid 1-ethyl 3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (EMImDCN) have been reported. Incorporation of the ionic liquid (IL) increases the membrane homogeneity, decreased surface roughness, and enhances the short current (J _sc). Additionally, the doping of IL provides more charge carriers which enhances overall ionic conductivity (σ). The optimized σ was found at 40 wt.% IL composition. The fabricated DSSC using this new solid electrolyte showed 1.43% efficiency at 100 mW cm⁻².     

Effects of passage of 200 MeV Ag9+ ions in indium phosphide at different depths

Indium phosphide sample was irradiated with 200?MeV Ag⁹⁺ ions for the fluence of 2?×?10¹³?ions?cm^?2. The sample was chemically etched down up to 240?nm depth to investigate the distribution of defects at different regions. Raman scattering and glancing incidence X-ray diffraction spectra were recorded at different depths. The stress estimated from Raman shift was found to increase with depth up to 160?nm and thereafter it decreased and at a depth of 224?nm sample did not show any stress. Phonon coherence length estimated from the Phonon Confinement Model was found to vary between 43 and 18?nm with respect to depth. Glancing incidence X-ray diffraction results revealed the decrease in crystallite size from 16.12 to 1.00?nm in different depth regions.     

Elastic,impedance spectroscopic and dielectric properties of TiO2 doped nanocrystalline NiCuZn spinel ferrites

ABSTRACT

Nanocrystalline Ni_0.4Cu_0.3Zn_0.3Fe₂O₄ ferrites doped with TiO₂ (0–10?wt %) were prepared by the sol-gel method. Elastic properties of synthesized samples were studied with the help of ultrasonic pulse transmission method. The elastic constants initially increase with an increase in TiO₂ up to 1?wt % and then decline. LCR-Q meter was used to study the dielectric properties within 50?Hz to 5?MHz range of the frequency. The dielectric constant (?′) and dielectric loss tangents were decreased continuously with increased frequency for all the selected samples at room temperature revealing normal dielectric behavior of ferrites. Also, the AC conductivity was increased with an increase in the frequency for all the selected samples. Cole-Cole plots were obtained for all investigated samples and showed single semicircle which indicates that the electrical conduction process appears only due to grain boundaries.     

Indium(III)chloride catalyzed synthesis of novel 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-5,8-diones under solvent-free condition

An efficient, inexpensive and environmentally friendly synthesis of novel 3-amino-2-benzoyl-1-aryl-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione and 3-amino-2-benzoyl-1-aryl-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-5,8-dione derivatives has been developed via one-pot three-component reaction of phthalhydrazide or maleic hydrazide, aldehydes and arylacetonitrile in the presence of catalytic amount of InCl₃ as a Lewis acid catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The most important features of the present protocol are mild reaction conditions, short reaction times, high yields, and a wide range of functional group tolerance.     

An efficient protocol for synthesis of novel polyheterocyclic chromeno pyrimido[1,2-b]indazolone derivatives using [Et3NH][HSO4] as a reusable catalyst under solvent-free conditions

A convenient and highly efficient method for the synthesis of novel polyheterocyclic chromeno pyrimido[1,2-b]indazolone derivatives via a three-component condensation of 1H-indazol-3-amine, aldehydes and 4-hydroxycoumarin catalyzed by Bronsted acid ionic liquid [Et₃NH][HSO₄] under solvent-free reaction conditions is presented. This ionic liquid is air and water stable and easy to prepare from amine and acid. The main advantages of this protocol includes short reaction time, excellent yield, easy work-up, operational simplicity, a wide range of functional group tolerance and column chromatography-free method. The catalyst can be recovered and reused for at least four runs without any significant impact on the product yields.     

2D Poly(arylene vinylene) Covalent Organic Frameworks via Aldol Condensation of Trimethyltriazine

Designing structural order in electronically active organic solids remains a great challenge in the field of materials chemistry. Now, 2D poly(arylene vinylene)s prepared as highly crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by base‐catalyzed aldol condensation of trimethyltriazine with aromatic dialdehydes are reported. The synthesized polymers are highly emissive (quantum yield of up to 50 %), as commonly observed in their 1D analogues poly(phenylene vinylene)s. The inherent well‐defined porosity (surface area ca. 1000 m² g^?1, pore diameter ca. 11 Å for the terephthaldehyde derived COF‐1) and 2D structure of these COFs also present a new set of properties and are likely responsible for the emission color, which is sensitive to the environment. COF‐1 is highly hydrophilic and reveals a dramatic macroscopic structural reorganization that has not been previously observed in framework materials.     

New Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) homoleptic complexes with 6-chloro-5-7-dimethyl-4oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehydes and its heteroleptic complexes with quinoline-8 ol: synthesis,characterization and antimicrobial activity

Research on Chemical Intermediates - In the present study, the synthesis of ligand 6-chloro-5-7-dimethyl-4oxo-4H-chromene-3-carbaldehydes by three steps from the substituted phenol. The formed...     

Application of p-TSA in the one pot synthesis of N-methyl-3-nitro-aryl-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-amine

A simple, efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective method has been developed for the synthesis of N-methyl-3-nitro-aryl-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives using 2-aminobenzimidazole, aldehydes and (E)-N-methyl-1-(methylthio)-2-nitroethenamine, in the presence of catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) in ethanol at 80?°C conditions. The advantages of this method are the use of an inexpensive and readily available catalyst, shorter reaction times, a wide range of functional group tolerance, and high yield of products via a simple experimental and work-up procedure.     

A metal-free C–C/C–O bond formation for the synthesis of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-aryl-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3-carboxamide catalyzed by polystyrene-supported p-toluenesulfonic acid (PS-PTSA)

An efficient and eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-aryl-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3-carboxamide has been developed through a one-pot three-component condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin with aldehydes and cyanoacetamide, in the presence of catalytic amount of polystyrene-supported p-toluenesulfonic acid (PS-PTSA) as a highly active and reusable heterogeneous acid catalyst in EtOH at 80?°C conditions. This new procedure offers several advantages such as shorter reaction times, excellent yields, a wide range of functional group tolerance, easy experimental work-up procedure, operationally simple under metal-free reaction conditions and C-C/C-O bond formation. The catalyst can be recovered and reused for at least four runs without any significant impact on the product yields.     

A miniaturized glucocorticoid receptor translocation assay using enzymatic fragment complementation evaluated with qHTS

Nuclear translocation is an important step in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling and assays that measure this process allow the identification of nuclear receptor ligands independent of subsequent functional effects. To facilitate the identification of GR-translocation agonists, an enzyme fragment complementation (EFC) cell-based assay was scaled to a 1536-well plate format to evaluate 9,920 compounds using a quantitative high throughput screening (qHTS) strategy where compounds are assayed at multiple concentrations. In contrast to conventional assays of nuclear translocation the qHTS assay described here was enabled on a standard luminescence microplate reader precluding the requirement for imaging methods. The assay uses beta-galactosidase alpha complementation to indirectly detect GR-translocation in CHO-K1 cells. 1536-well assay miniaturization included the elimination of a media aspiration step, and the optimized assay displayed a Z' of 0.55. qHTS yielded EC(50) values for all 9,920 compounds and allowed us to retrospectively examine the dataset as a single concentration-based screen to estimate the number of false positives and negatives at typical activity thresholds. For example, at a 9 microM screening concentration, the assay showed an accuracy that is comparable to typical cell-based assays as judged by the occurrence of false positives that we determined to be 1.3% or 0.3%, for a 3sigma or 6sigma threshold, respectively. This corresponds to a confirmation rate of approximately 30% or approximately 50%, respectively. The assay was consistent with glucocorticoid pharmacology as scaffolds with close similarity to dexamethasone were identified as active, while, for example, steroids that act as ligands to other nuclear receptors such as the estrogen receptor were found to be inactive.