A three-component coupling process based on vicarious nucleophilic substitution (VNS(AR))-alkylation reactions: an approach to indoprofen and derivatives.

The intermediate anion derived from the vicarious nucleophilic substitution (VNS) of hydrogen reacts with a series of alkyl halides to generate the corresponding alpha-alkylated conventional VNS product in a one-pot process. This one-pot VNS-alkylation reaction offers a convenient route to a range alpha-substituted nitrobenzyl phosphine oxides, sulfones, and esters via a three-component coupling reaction. Reactions of alpha-chloroethyl phenyl sulfone (14) and ethyl 2-chloropropionate (16) with nitrobenzene followed by subsequent addition of an alkylating agent give a series of sulfones and esters bearing an alpha-aryl quaternary center. The VNS-alkylation protocol has been applied to the synthesis of derivatives of Indoprofen from nitrobenzene using readily available inexpensive starting materials. Indoprofen itself was prepared using the conventional VNS reaction in four steps and 24% overall yield from nitrobenzene.     

Selective, controllable, and reversible aggregation of polystyrene latex microspheres via DNA hybridization

The directed three-dimensional self-assembly of microstructures and nanostructures through the selective hybridization of DNA is the focus of great interest toward the fabrication of new materials. Single-stranded DNA is covalently attached to polystyrene latex microspheres. Single-stranded DNA can function as a sequence-selective Velcro by only bonding to another strand of DNA that has a complementary sequence. The attachment of the DNA increases the charge stabilization of the microspheres and allows controllable aggregation of microspheres by hybridization of complementary DNA sequences. In a mixture of microspheres derivatized with different sequences of DNA, microspheres with complementary DNA form aggregates, while microspheres with noncomplementary sequences remain suspended. The process is reversible by heating, with a characteristic "aggregate dissociation temperature" that is predictably dependent on salt concentration, and the evolution of aggregate dissociation with temperature is observed with optical microscopy.     

Polyaromatic amines. Part 3: Synthesis of poly(diarylamino)styrenes and related compounds

The title compounds were synthesised and characterised as part of a study into new aromatic amines for charge transporting materials. Compounds 12-16, 20-24 and 27-34 are alkene linked triarylamines, compounds 35-36 are hydrazone derivatives and compounds 38-41 are pyrrole substituted triarylamines. Each compound was characterised by cyclic voltammetry.     

臭氧与二乙胺和三乙胺气相反应的速率常数

利用自制的烟雾箱系统研究了臭氧与二乙胺和三乙胺的气相反应动力学. 实验过程中保证二乙胺和三乙胺浓度远远大于臭氧浓度, 使得实验在准一级条件下进行. 加入环己烷以消除实验过程中可能产生的OH自由基对反应的影响. 在(298±1) K和1.01×105 Pa条件下, 测得臭氧与二乙胺和三乙胺反应的绝对速率常数值分别为(1.33±0.15)×10^-17和(8.20±1.01)×10^-17 cm³·molecule^-1·s^-1. 与文献中已有的其它胺类的臭氧反应数据比较后发现, 臭氧与胺的反应可以用亲电反应机制来解释. 另外, 通过对比发现, 臭氧与三取代的烷基胺类的反应速率要远远大于其与二取代的烷基胺类的反应速率. 这在一定程度上可有助于解释外场观测到的气溶胶相中二烷基胺盐较多的事实. 利用测得的速率常数和大气中臭氧浓度, 还估算了二乙胺和三乙胺与臭氧反应的大气寿命. 结果显示, 与臭氧的反应是二乙胺和三乙胺在大气中的一种重要的消除途径, 尤其是在污染严重地区.     

噁唑、苯并噁唑及1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

设计并以噁唑、苯并噁唑及1,3,4-噁二唑硫醇与卤代烃反应合成了14个硫醚类杂环化合物, 其中13个化合物未见文献报道. 目标化合物的结构均通过¹H NMR谱、MS和元素分析进行了表征. 采用MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiagol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrogolium bromide]法对14个目标化合物进行了体外抗肿瘤活性测定, 结果表明: 在10^－5 mol/L 浓度下, 10个化合物对肿瘤细胞具有抑制活性.     

过硼酸钠对于有机物的氧化作用的研究 II: 氧化偶氮硝基苯类的合成

作者曾报道过硼酸钠在醋酸溶液中可使芳氨基氧化成硝基;McKillop等曾报道将过硼酸钠用于官能团的氧化;Huestis曾报道在冰醋酸溶液中用过硼酸钠将芳胺氧化成偶氮苯。这些都表明过硼酸钠是一种优良的氧化剂,反应条件温和、选择性强、氧化剂本身。价廉且其还原后所生成的硼酸钠易于处理和排放。因此,值得深入研究其应用范围。我们在此则报道一组以过硼酸钠为氧化剂,使芳胺氧化成氧化偶氮苯的条件。最近我们发现,在乙醇-磷酸体系中,过硼酸钠能顺     

Rapid imaging, using a cooled charge-coupled-device, of fluorescent two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels produced by labelling proteins in the first-dimensional isoelectric focusing gel with the fluorophore 2-methoxy-2,4-diphenyl-3(2H)furanone

A new method for visualising proteins in two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels was developed. Proteins were labelled with the fluorophore 2-methoxy-2,4-diphenyl-3(2H)furanone (MDPF) while present in the first-dimensional gel after isoelectric focusing and subsequently electrophoresed into the second-dimensional gel. High resolution spot patterns were produced and compared with other methods of visualisation. A new rapid imaging system based on a cooled charge-coupled-device was used to view the two-dimensional fluorescent protein spot patterns. The method allows the immediate and rapid imaging of two-dimensional gels at the end of electrophoresis with no further processing.     

中孔分子筛SO42-/Zr-MCM-41催化裂解聚丙烯反应研究

采用水热合成法制备了不同硅锆比的中孔分子筛Zr-MCM-41,用强酸性基团SO42-对其进行修饰,制得SO42-/Zr-MCM-41中孔分子筛.采用XRD、FT-IR、NH3-TPD及氮气吸附脱附等技术对其结构和酸强度进行表征.通过改变硅锆比、负载不同的酸性基团对Zr-MCM-41的酸性进行调变,并将其用于催化聚丙烯(PP)的裂解反应,结果表明S i/Zr=40的SO42-/Zr-MCM-41具有较好的催化裂解活性.另外,与热裂解以及HZSM-5和Zr-MCM-41为催化剂时PP的裂解反应结果进行了比较,结果证明SO42-/Zr-MCM-41不仅具有较高的裂解转化率,而且具有较高的液体产物收率,适宜于空间位阻较大的PP的催化裂解反应.     

Mutagenesis approaches to deduce structure-function relationships in terpene synthases

This review highlights mutagenesis studies of terpene synthases, specifically sesquiterpene synthases and oxidosqualene cyclases. Mutagenesis studies of these enzymes have provided mechanistic insights, structure-function relationships for specific enzymatic residues, novel terpene structures and enzymes with novel activities. The literature through 2002 is reviewed and 113 references cited.     

Base Hydrolysis of Pentaaminecobalt (III) Complexes: The [CoX(dien) (dapo)]n+ system. Part 3. The internal conjugate base mechanism

Azide anation and racemization of optically pure mer-exo(H)- and mer-endo(H)-[Co(OH)(dien)(dapo)]²⁺ ( A and B (X = OH), resp.; dien = N-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine; dapo = 1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol) involve the same symmetrical pentacoordinate intermediate as the base hydrolyses of the corresponding mer-exo(H)- and mer-endo(H)-[CoX(dien)(dapo)]²⁺ species A and B , respectively, where X = Cl, Br, or N₃. The kinetic parameters of the anation process are fully compatible with the independently measured competition ratio. The rate data reveal that substitution of OH^? is unexpectedly fast, viz. it is not consistent with the usual sequence Br^? > Cl^? > H₂O > N > OH^?. This behavior is interpreted on the basis of an internal conjugate base mechanism which involves an amino-hydroxo/aminato-aqua tautomerism, viz. the reaction is actually an OH^? -catalyzed substitution of [CoH₂O(dien)(dapo)]³⁺ where deprotonation occurs effectively at the secondary-amine site NH of dien.