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31.
Cláudio P. Ribeiro JR. Benny D. Freeman 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2010,48(4):456-468
Experimental solubility and sorptive dilation data are reported for carbon dioxide and ethane in a crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) (XLPEO) rubbery copolymer. Five different temperatures (253 ≤ T(K) ≤ 308) were considered, with a maximum gas pressure of 2.09 MPa (20.6 atm). The polymer was prepared by photopolymerization of a solution containing 70 wt % poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGMEA) and 30 wt % poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). Sorption isotherms were described by the Flory‐Huggins model. For each gas, the Flory‐Huggins interaction parameter was a decreasing function of temperature and did not show a composition dependence. Dilation and sorption data were combined to calculate the partial molar volume (PMV) of the gases in the polymer, which was an increasing function of temperature. Based on a comparison with literature data for a XLPEO homopolymer prepared from pure PEGDA over the same range of operating conditions, an effect of the network composition on both gas solubility and PMV was found. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 456–468, 2010 相似文献
32.
Alves GA Amato S Anjos JC Appel JA Astorga J Bernard T Bracker SB Cremaldi LM Darling CL Dixon RL Errede D Gay C Green DR Jedicke R Karchin PE Kwan S Lueking LJ de Mello Neto JR Metheny J Milburn RH de Miranda JM da Motta Filho H Napier A Passmore D Rafatian A dos Reis AC Ross WR Santoro AF Sheaff M Souza MH Spalding WJ Stoughton C Streetman ME Summers DJ Takach SF Wallace A Wu Z 《Physical review letters》1994,72(6):812-815
33.
C. Murali Krishna Shobha Uppuluri Peter Riesz J. Samuel Zigler JR D. Balasubramanian 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1991,54(1):51-58
We have studied the photochemical quantum yields of singlet oxygen production (using the RNO bleaching method) and superoxide production (using the EPR-spin trapping method and the SOD-inhibitable ferricytochrome c reduction spectral assay) of kynurenine (Ky), N-formylkynurenine (NFK), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HK), kynurenic acid (KUA), and the flavins, riboflavin (RF) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN). Such a study of the photodynamic efficiencies is important since these compounds appear endogenously in the eye. The singlet oxygen quantum yields of the flavins and KUA are high, while Ky and 3HK generate no detectable amounts of singlet oxygen. The superoxide quantum yields of the sensitizers are low compared to their singlet oxygen, and Ky and 3HK produce no detectable amounts of superoxide. The production of the superoxide radical is enhanced in the presence of electron donor molecules such as EDTA and NADH. These results suggest that the production of oxyradicals in the lens may be modulated by the presence of endogenous electron donor molecules such as the coenzymes NADH and NADPH, which are present in significant amounts in some lenses. They also suggest that Ky and 3HK, which are known to be present in aged lenses, might play a protective rather than a deleterious role in the eye. 相似文献
34.
John J. Morelli Somayajula K. Viswanadham Andrew. G. Sharkey JR. David M. Hercules 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(2-4):295-323
Abstract Laser mass spectra obtained for 20 organophosphorus (OP) compounds were systematically evaluated for groups containing analogous structural features. Variations in fragmentation can be understood based on simple organic reactions. While detailed mechanistic interpretations of the laser mass spectra (LMS) were not possible, the qualitative features in the LMS obtained from five compounds, not in the original set, could be predicted based on the characteristics of the other OP compounds studied. The success of the prediction lends credence to the qualitative models developed for rationalizing the LMS. A specific feature in the LMS of aromatic thionophosphates is a thiono-thiolo rearrangement. Detailed investigation into the phenomena involved comparison of LMS obtained from aromatic thionophosphates with spectra from electron impact, chemical ionization, field desorption, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. These results led to the conclusion that the rearrangement in laser mass spectrometry must occur during volatilization while the molecule/ion is in the “cloud” present immediately above the laser impact area. 相似文献
35.
Several low molecular weight alkanes have been polymerized (polycondensed) over HSO3 F-SbF5 to yield a highly branched oily oligomer with a molecular weight range from the molecular weight of the monomer to around 700. The order of reactivity for butane and lower molecular alkanes is isobutane > n-butane > propane > ethane > methane. The reactivity is explained by the ease of attack of an acid proton derived from the acid on the alkane sigma bonds as well as the relative stability of the resulting cation formed. A cationic mechanism for this reaction is proposed. 相似文献
36.
37.
S. A. Liebman D. H. Ahlstrom W. H. Starnes JR. F. C. Schilling 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(6):935-950
This study compares the use of pyrolysis hydrogenation gas chromatography (PHGC) and 13C Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance (FTNMR) methods for the analysis of reference polyethylene (PE) samples, ethylene-α-olefin copolymers, and specially prepared poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) samples which were reduced to their PE skeletal structures. The nature and relative quantities of the short branches along the polymer chains were determined using both techniques. Improved high-resolution PHGC data, obtained with a fused silica capillary separation column, gave results which were in satisfactory agreement with the 13C FTNMR data. This approach confirms that detailed microstructural information can be obtained with these methods by using carefully controlled experimental conditions and appropriate reference systems. 相似文献
38.
The tentative identification of the reactive species in the condensation of Cp2 TiCl2 with salts of diacids to form titanium polysters is made. The reactive species are believed to be the same for both aqueous solution and interfacial systems, i.e., R -CO2 ? and Cp2 Ti2+ with reaction occurring in the aqueous phase. The condensation of Cp2 TiCl2 with disodium terephthalate in interfacial systems occurs via a pseudo-first-order reaction: Rate = K[Cp2 TiCl2] The rate-determining step (s) is believed to be diffusion of CP2 TiCl2 into the aqueous layer and/or hydrolysis of Cp2 TiCl2 相似文献
39.
OVERSTREET GEORGE A. JR; BREDLEY EDWIN L. JR 《IMA Journal of Management Mathematics》1996,7(4):291-311
Although credit-scoring models represent a widely used managerialaid for large financial intermediaries, the vast majority ofU.S. credit unionsrelatively small cooperatively ownedretail intermediaries, constrained by sample and funding limitationshaveyet to adopt such techniques. Lovie & Lovie (1986) havetheorized that the flat-maximum effect or curve of insensitivityassociated with linear scoring models could be advantageousin areas of applied prediction such as credit scoring. In thiscontext, we reported the relative predictive power of genericcredit-scoring models versus customized models in an earlierpaper (Overstreet et al. 1992). Unfortunately, these findingswere not readily adaptable to the credit-union industry dueto a dated sample with incomplete credit-bureau information.Consequently, from 1988 to 1991, we gathered a refined databasefrom which to further develop and field-test generic scoringmodels in the credit-union environment. The results reportedherein not only confirm, but amplify, the relative predictivepower of such models found earlier. Relative costs and benefitsof generic versus customized models are modelled for a representativecredit union. Future research directions are set forth in theconclusions. 相似文献
40.
D. L. Damcott J. M. Cookson R. D. Carter JR. J. R. Martin M. Atzmon G. S. Was 《辐射效应与固体损伤》2013,168(4):383-392
Abstract A technique is developed which addresses the problem of irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking of stainless steels in light water reactors using high energy protons to induce grain boundary segregation. These results represent the first grain boundary segregation measurements in bulk produced by proton irradiation of stainless steel. The technique allows the study of grain boundary composition with negligible sample activation, short irradiation time, rapid sample turnaround and at minimal cost. Scanning Auger electron microscopy is used to obtain grain boundary composition measurements of irradiated and unirradiated samples of ultra high purity (UHP) type 304L stainless steel and UHP type 304L steels with the additions of phosphorus (UHP + P) and sulphur (UHP + S). Results show that irradiation of all three alloys causes significant Ni segregation to the grain boundary and Cr and Fe away from it. Irradiation of the UHP + P alloy also results in segregation of P at the grain boundary from 5.3 to 8.7 at %, over 80 times the bulk value. No radiation-induced grain boundary segregation of S was measured in the UHP + S alloy. Results also indicate that the presence of P or S may enhance radiation-induced segregation of major alloying elements at the boundary. Comparison of irradiated and unirradiated regions of the UHP + P alloy indicate that while a prior thermal treatment segregates P to the grain boundary to 5.3 at %, the major element concentrations at the grain boundary are completely different from those under irradiation. 相似文献