Ueber die quantitative Bestimmung des Lithiums mit dem Spectral-Apparat

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Extending the GGobi pipeline from R

This paper describes progress towards developing a platform for rapid prototyping of interactive data visualizations, using R, GGobi, rggobi and RGtk2. GGobi is a software tool for multivariate interactive graphics. At the core of GGobi is a data pipeline that incrementally transforms data through a series of stages into a plot and maps user interaction with the plot back to the data. The GGobi pipeline is extensible and mutable at runtime. The rggobi package, an interface from the R language to GGobi, has been augmented with a low-level interface that supports the customization of interactive data visualizations through the extension and manipulation of the GGobi pipeline. The large size of the GGobi API has motivated the use of the RGtk2 code generation system to create the low-level interface between R and GGobi. The software is demonstrated through an application to interactive network visualization.     

Electrons from target and projectile ionization in simple collision systems

Summary Absolute double differential cross-sections for target ionization and projectile electron loss were determined in collisions of H⁺, H₂ ⁺,³He⁺ and³He⁺⁺ ions (0.4 to 2.0 Me V/u) with He and Ar gas targets at electron emission angles from 0° up to 60°. The experimental results are qualitatively well described by plane-wave Born approximations including screening of the projectile in target ionization and of the target atom in the case of electron loss.

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Riassunto Sono state determinate le sezioni d’urto doppie differenziali assolute per la ionizzazione del bersaglio e la perdita dell’elettrone proiettile in collisioni di ioni H⁺, H ₂ ⁺ ,³He⁺ e³He⁺⁺ (da 0.4 a 2.0 Me V/u) con bersagli di gas He e Ar ad angoli di emissione degli elettroni da 0° a 60°. I risultati sperimentali sono qualitativamente ben descritti dalle approssimazioni di Born per onde piane che comprendono la schermatura del proiettile nella ionizzazione del bersaglio e dell’atomo bersaglio nel caso di perdita dell’elettrone.

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Резюме Определяются абсолютные дважды дифференшиальные поперечные сечения для ионизации мишени и потери электровов налетающими частишами при соударениях ионов H⁺, H ₂ ⁺ ,³He⁺ и³He⁺⁺ (от 0.4 до 2.0 Me V/u) в случае газовых Не и Ar мишеней при углах эмиссии электронов от 0° до 60°. Экспериментальные результаты качественно хорощо описываются с помощью плоско-волнового борновского приближения, включая экранирование налетающей частицы при ионизации мишени в случае потери электрона.

     

Laser-induced incandescence for soot-particle sizing at elevated pressure

This paper describes the applicability of laser-induced incandescence (LII) as a measurement technique for primary soot particle sizes at elevated pressure. A high-pressure burner was constructed that provides stable, laminar, sooting, premixed ethylene/air flames at 1–10 bar. An LII model was set up that includes different heat-conduction sub-models and used an accommodation coefficient of 0.25 for all pressures studied. Based on this model experimental time-resolved LII signals recorded at different positions in the flame were evaluated with respect to the mean particle diameter of a log-normal particle-size distribution. The resulting primary particle sizes were compared to results from TEM images of soot samples that were collected thermophoretically from the high-pressure flame. The LII results are in good agreement with the mean primary particle sizes of a log-normal particle-size distribution obtained from the TEM-data for all pressures, if the LII signals are evaluated with the heat-conduction model of Fuchs combined with an aggregate sub-model that describes the reduced heat conduction of aggregated primary soot particles. The model, called LIISim, is available online via a web interface. PACS 65.80.+n; 78.20.Nv; 42.62.-b; 47.70.Pq     

Chemische Untersuchung von Schriften

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