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The main subject of our study are spherical (weakly spherical) graphs, i.e. connected graphs fulfilling the condition that in each interval to each vertex there is exactly one (at least one, respectively) antipodal vertex. Our analysis concerns properties of these graphs especially in connection with convexity and also with hypercube graphs. We deal e.g. with the problem under what conditions all intervals of a spherical graph induce hypercubes and find a new characterization of hypercubes: G is a hypercube if and only if G is spherical and bipartite.  相似文献   
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Laser desorption ionization (LDI) mode of matrix-assisted laser desorptionionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) analysis of uranium(VI)leads to the formation of uranium oxides clusters, as with fast atom bombardment(FAB). Different uranium clusters than those with FAB were observed. Threedifferent families of formula (UO2)x Oy 2+, and two of formula (UO2)x Oy 2+ were found.  相似文献   
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Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   
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Gold phosphides show unique optical or semiconductor properties and there are extensive high technology applications, e.g. in laser diodes, etc. In spite of the various AuP structures known, the search for new materials is wide. Laser ablation synthesis is a promising screening and synthetic method. Generation of gold phosphides via laser ablation of red phosphorus and nanogold mixtures was studied using laser desorption ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LDI TOFMS). Gold clusters Aum+ (m = 1 to ~35) were observed with a difference of one gold atom and their intensities were in decreasing order with respect to m. For Pn+ (n = 2 to ~111) clusters, the intensities of odd‐numbered phosphorus clusters are much higher than those for even‐numbered phosphorus clusters. During ablation of P‐nanogold mixtures, clusters Aum+ (m = 1‐12), Pn+ (n = 2‐7, 9, 11, 13–33, 35–95 (odd numbers)), AuPn+ (n = 1, 2–88 (even numbers)), Au2Pn+ (n = 1‐7, 14–16, 21–51 (odd numbers)), Au3Pn+ (n = 1‐6, 8, 9, 14), Au4Pn+ (n = 1‐9, 14–16), Au5Pn+ (n = 1‐6, 14, 16), Au6Pn+ (n = 1‐6), Au7Pn+ (n = 1‐7), Au8Pn+ (n = 1‐6, 8), Au9Pn+ (n = 1‐10), Au10Pn+ (n = 1‐8, 15), Au11Pn+ (n = 1‐6), and Au12Pn+ (n = 1, 2, 4) were detected in positive ion mode. In negative ion mode, Aum (m = 1–5), Pn (n = 2, 3, 5–11, 13–19, 21–35, 39, 41, 47, 49, 55 (odd numbers)), AuPn (n = 4–6, 8–26, 30–36 (even numbers), 48), Au2Pn (n = 2–5, 8, 11, 13, 15, 17), Au3Pn (n = 6–11, 32), Au4Pn (n = 1, 2, 4, 6, 10), Au6P5, and Au7P8 clusters were observed. In both modes, phosphorus‐rich AumPn clusters prevailed. The first experimental evidence for formation of AuP60 and gold‐covered phosphorus Au12Pn (n = 1, 2, 4) clusters is given. The new gold phosphides generated might inspire synthesis of new Au‐P materials with specific properties. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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Binary chalcogenide As‐Se glasses and their thin films are important for optics, computers, materials science and technological applications. To increase understanding of the properties of thin films fabricated by plasma deposition techniques, more information concerning the physics of plasma plume is needed. In this study the formation of clusters in plasma plume from different As‐Se glasses by laser desorption ionization (LDI) or laser ablation (LA) was studied by time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS) in positive and negative ion modes. Formation of a number of AspSeq singly charged clusters As3Se (q = 1–5), AsSe (q = 1–3), As2Se (q = 2–4), and As3Se (q = 2–5) was found from As‐Se glasses with the molar ratio As:Se in the range from 1:2 to 7:3. The stoichiometry of the AspSeq clusters was determined via isotopic envelope analysis and computer modeling. The structure of the clusters is proposed and the relationship to the structure of the parent glasses, as also suggested by Raman scattering spectra, is discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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