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991.
用中和法合成了氨基酸离子液体(AAIL)1-己基-3-甲基苏氨酸盐[C6mim][Thr],并用核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和核磁共振碳谱(13C NMR)进行了表征。以苯甲酸为参考物质,用恒温热重法确定了AAIL[C6mim][Thr]的蒸汽压和在平均温度下(Tav= 438.15 K)的蒸发焓(ΔglHm? (Tav) =128.5 ± 6.0 kJ·mol-1)。利用Verevkin等人提出的方法计算得到AAIL[C6mim][Thr]气态和液态的恒压热容差(ΔglCpm? = -70.8 J·K-1·mol-1),进而计算了不同温度的蒸发焓,其中参考温度(298.15 K)下的蒸发焓ΔglHm? (298.15 K) = 138.4 kJ·mol-1,只比应用我们提出的蒸发焓理论模型估算值大1.6 kJ·mol-1,小于恒温热重法的实验误差3.0 kJ·mol-1,说明这个蒸发焓的理论模型有一定的合理性。借助Clausius-Clapeyron方程估算了AAIL[C6mim][Thr]的假想的正常沸点Tb= 522.07 K,以及沸点的蒸发熵ΔglSm? (Tb) = 228.5 J·K-1·mol-1,进一步得到了不同温度的蒸发熵和蒸发自由能ΔglGm? (T),其结果表明蒸发自由能随着温度的上升而减小,达到沸点温度Tb时变为零,而蒸发熵则随着温度上升而增大,是AAIL[C6mim][Thr]蒸发过程的驱动力。 相似文献
992.
石墨二炔是由sp和sp2杂化的碳原子构成的新的碳同素异形体。由于石墨二炔具有独特的拓扑结构和电子结构、较高的电荷迁移率及优异的电子传输性能,使其与其他材料相互作用,可表现出独特的电子转移增强特性。本文基于石墨二炔的电子转移增强特性,概述了石墨二炔及其电子转移增强特性的最新研究进展,包括金属氧化物/石墨二炔、金属纳米颗粒/石墨二炔、聚合物/石墨二炔以及染料分子/石墨二炔等多种石墨二炔基材料。本文从理论和实验研究两个方面详细阐述了石墨二炔的电子转移增强特性、石墨二炔与不同材料的相互作用以及相关的应用。希望该综述能对石墨炔化学的发展起到一定的积极作用。 相似文献
993.
Quan Gao Min Jing Meiling Chen Chengguo Wang Shengyao Zhao Jianjie Qin 《Polymer Science Series A》2018,60(5):594-598
The interior microstructures of polyacrylonitrile nascent fibers is studied by the scanning electronic microscopy and the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy through ultrasonic etching and ultrathin sectioning. Due to the orientation and fold of molecular chains, the lamellae of 50–80 nm in thickness are formed. A high number of pores, ranging from dozens to two hundred nanometers in diameters exist between the lamellae, which result from residual solvent. The fibril structure is formed in the nascent fiber during the coagulation process, which are oriented along the fiber axis. An uneven tensile stress distribution leads to the formation of skin-core structures in the nascent fiber during the dry-jet wet spinning process. 相似文献
994.
Direct Observation of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides in Liquid with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy 下载免费PDF全文
Ze Wang Ji-hao Wang Wei-feng Ge Wen-jie Meng Jing Zhang Qi-yuan Feng Yu-bin Hou Qing-you Lu 《化学物理学报(中文版)》2018,31(6):767-771
We present atomic-resolution images of TiSe\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} , MoTe\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} and TaS\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} single crystals in liquid condition using our home-built scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). By facilely cleaving of single crystals in liquid, we were able to keep the fresh surface not oxidized within a few hours. Using the high-stable home-built STM, we have obtained atomic resolution images of TiSe\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} accompanied with the single atom defects as well as the triangle defects in solution for the first time. Besides, the superstructure of MoTe\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} and hexagonal charge-density wave domain structure in nearly commensurate phase of TaS\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} were also obtained at room temperature (295 K). Our results provide a more efficient method in investigating the lively surface of transition metal dichalcogenides. Besides, the high stable liquid-phase STM will support the further investigations in liquid-phase catalysis or electrochemistry. 相似文献
995.
Electrochemical Study on Hydrogen Evolution and \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}$\end{document} \begin{document}$_\rm{2}$\end{document} Reduction on Pt Electrode in Acid Solutions with Different pH 下载免费PDF全文
Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is the major cathodic reaction which competes \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} reduction reaction (\begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} RR) on Pt electrode. Molecular level understanding on how these two reactions interact with each other and what the key factors are of \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} RR kinetics and selectivity will be of great help in optimizing electrolysers for \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} reduction. In this work, we report our results of hydrogen evolution and \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} reduction on Pt(111) and Pt film electrodes in \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} saturated acid solution by cyclic voltammetry and infrared spectroscopy. In solution with pH > 2, the major process is HER and the interfacial pH increases abruptly during HER; \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{ad}$\end{document} is the only adsorbed intermediate detected in \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} reduction by infrared spectroscopy; the rate for \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{ad}$\end{document} formation increases with the coverage of UPD-H and reaches maximum at the onset potential for HER; the decrease of \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{ad}$\end{document} formation under HER is attributed to the available limited sites and the limited residence time for the reduction intermediate (\begin{document}$\rm{H}_\rm{ad}$\end{document} ), which is necessary for \begin{document}${\rm C}\rm{O}_\rm{2}$\end{document} adsorption and reduction. 相似文献
996.
Average Arrival Time: an Alternative Approach for Studying Fluorescent Behavior of Single Quantum Dots? 下载免费PDF全文
Due to photoluminescence intermittency of single colloidal quantum dots (QDs), the traditional exponential fluorescence lifetime analysis is not perfect to characterize QDs' fluorescent emission behavior. In this work we used the time-tagged time-resolved (TTTR) mode to record the fluorescent photons from single QDs. We showed that this method is compatible with the traditional lifetime analysis. In addition, by constructing the trajectory over time and the distribution of average arrival time (AAT) of the fluorescent photons, more details about the emission behavior of QDs were revealed. 相似文献
997.
采用溶胶凝胶法,以钛酸四异丙酯(TTIP)为钛源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂合成了介孔二氧化钛样品mTiO_2,考察了合成温度、水量、模板剂用量和焙烧温度对其在紫外光条件下光催化产氢活性的影响。结果显示,在350℃下焙烧后,样品由无定形结构转变为锐钛矿相;随着焙烧温度的提高,锐钛矿相结构产物的结晶度提高,当焙烧温度超过550℃后,样品大部分转变为金红石相。以合成温度为30℃,模板剂用量(nCTAB/nTiO_2)为0.2,水量(nH2O/nTiO_2)为100,焙烧温度为450℃条件下合成的m-TiO_2样品为催化剂,当催化剂用量为0.4 g·L-1,体系中甲醇浓度高于20%(V/V)时,其紫外光条件下的光催化产氢活性达170 mmol·g-1·h-1。采用水热法将氧化石墨烯(GO)与m-TiO_2复合制备了一系列还原氧化石墨烯/介孔TiO_2复合材料(rGO/m-TiO_2),其晶相结构为锐钛矿相。当r GO复合量(wGO/wTiO_2)为0.01时,样品在紫外光下的产氢活性为241 mmol·g-1·h-1,能量转化效率达7.4%,较未复合样品提高了42.3%;在可见光条件下,其产氢活性达9 mmol·g-1·h-1。 相似文献
998.
Guo Xue Feng Yurun Ma Li Yu Jincheng Jing Jie Gao Dezhi Khan Adil Saleem Gong Hongyu Zhang Yujun 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2018,317(1):397-407
Nickel hydroxide solubility has been studied in this work in different cementitious systems. Our results indicate that once Glenium® 27, cement superplasticizer admixture, is added to water and then mixed with cement, this polymeric material is stabilized and not released back to the aqueous solution, with negligible effects on the mobility of nickel. Contrary to that, when Glenium® 27 is added directly in solution at high dosages, an important effect is observed on nickel behaviour. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that the effect of such component on Ni is likely the effect that other small organics could have over this element.
相似文献999.
1000.