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101.
The energetics of proton transfer in liquid water investigated by using ab initio calculation. The molecular electronic interaction of hydrated proton clusters in classified into many-body interaction elements by a new energy decomposition method. It is found that up to three-body molecular interaction is essential to describe the potential energy surface. The three-body effect mainly arises from the (non-classical) charge transfer and strongly depends on their configuration. Higher than three-body effects are small enough to be neglected. To simulate the liquid state reactions, two cluster models including all water molecules up to the second shell in the proton transfer reactions are employed. It is shown that these proton transfer reactions only involve small potential energy barriers of a few kcal/mol or less when structural rearrangement of the solvent is induced along the proton movement. 相似文献
102.
A new xanthone diglucoside (1) has been isolated from the aerial parts of Swertia perennis L. (Gentianaceae) by means of column chromatography on polyamide, followed by preparative TLC. on silica gel. From UV. and NMR. data, its structure has been established as 1,3-di-β-D -glucopyranosyl-7,8-dihydroxyxanthone or norswertianine-1,3-diglucoside. 相似文献
103.
Phase-selective second-harmonic a.c. polarography can be used to distinguish two different species having similar reduction potentials. Because each species has a different phase angle depending on the electrode kinetics, a certain phase angle can be chosen to detect only one component in the mixture. In 1 M potassium chloride solution, indium-(III) at the 4 × 10-6 M level can be determined in the presence of 50-fold amounts of cadmium(II), and zinc(II) at the 2 × 10-5 M level in the presence of 100-fold amounts of nickel(II). 相似文献
104.
Iwao?KatayamaEmail author Adolf?Mikula Toshio?Oishi 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2005,136(10):1715-1725
Summary. Gallium activity in the B2 (CsCl-type) phase of ternary Co–Ga–X (X = Ge, Ni, and Fe) alloys was measured by the EMF method with a stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte. The temperature range
was 1050–1250 K and the concentrations of the added elements were 2–6 at-% Ge and Ni, and 1–3 at-% Fe. The reference electrodes
were Fe,FexO or Ga,Ga2O3. The effect on the activity of gallium in the B2 phase with the addition of other elements was found to be the largest with
Ge and the smallest in the case of Ni. 相似文献
105.
Exploitation of the full potential of selector-modified polysiloxanes as chromatographic stationary phases is limited because conventional methods of silicone synthesis involve strong acids or strong nucleophiles such as water or bases; under these conditions many potentially useful selectors decompose. The general approach to polysiloxane synthesis presented herein gives access to functionalized polysiloxanes under mild conditions. The functional groups incorporated can serve as chromatographic selectors or as electrophilic sites for secondary modification or cross-linking. 相似文献
106.
[reaction: see text] Novel C2-C3'N-linked macrocyclic taxoids are synthesized using intramolecular Heck reaction in the key step. Macrocyclization proceeds with high regioselectivity in good yield. Taxoids bearing an olefin moiety at C2 and an iodide at C3'N give exo-products exclusively. However, the endo-products are formed with up to 100% regioselectivity just by switching the positions of the olefin and the iodide moieties. Some of these macrocyclic taxoids are significantly cytotoxic. 相似文献
107.
Iwao Amada Minoru Yamaji Masami Sase Haruo Shizuka Takuji Shimokage Shozo Tero-Kubota 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》1998,24(1):81-104
Investigations using CIDEP techniques showed that an H-atom abstraction from phenol and the electron transfer from 1,2,4,5-tetramethoxybenzene
to photoexcited 2,3-dibromo-1,4-naphthoquinone (DBNQ) and 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (DCNQ) in the polar media originated
from their triplet states. Nanosecond laser photolysis at 355 nm was carried out to determine the absorption spectra and coefficients
of the corresponding triplet states, semiquinone, and anion radicals for a quantitative investigation of the mechanisms involved
in the H-atom abstraction and the electron transfer. The steric hindrance of the substituted groups was indifferent to H-atom
abstraction. The electronic structures of triplet DBNQ and DCNQ at 295 K were both revealed to be the mixed states of 3(n,π*) with a 3(π,π*) character. 相似文献
108.
A sensitive spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of thallium in lead, cadmium, indium and zinc metals. Optimal conditions have been established for the extraction and determination of thallium. Thallium is extracted as its bromo complex with tri-n-octylamine and then converted to an iodo complex, the absorbance of which is measured at 400 nm. As little as 1 p.p.m. of thallium in lead, cadmium and zinc metals, and 2 p.p.m. of thallium in indium metal can be determined. 相似文献
109.
[Ac-D-Tyr1, D-Ala2, Leu5-OMe]Enkephalin and [Ac-Tyr1, D-Ala2, Leu5-OMe]Enkephalin were successfully synthesized by the coupling of dipeptide units and tripeptide units which were readily obtained by the asymmetric hydrogenation of the corresponding dehydropeptide building blocks. 相似文献
110.
Ji-Ben Meng Wen-Guang Wang Hong-Gen Wang Teruo Matsuura Hideko Koshima Iwao Sugimoto Yoshikatsu Ito 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1993,57(4):597-602
Abstract— Solid-state irradiation of mixed crystals prepared by meltinga 1:3 molar mixture of indole and phenanthrene followed by resolidifying the melt gave an adduct 2a in 13.5% yield. An adduct 2b was obtained by irradiation of the mixed crystals of 3-methylindole and phenanthrene. Irradiation of the same mixtures of indoles and phenanthrene in solution gave no photoproduct. Irradiation of the mixed crystals of indole and naphthalene gave a similar photoadduct 3a, which was also formed in solution. The 1:1 mixed crystals of indole and phenanthrene and of indole and naphthalene were characterized by various spectroscopic methods. Among them powder X-ray diffraction spectral analysis and differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the former mixed crystal is a simple mixture of microcrystals of indole and phenanthrene, while the latter forms a molecular compound. 相似文献