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141.
Mitsuhiro Miyazakl 《代数通讯》2013,41(9):3177-3204
Let B be a commutative ring with identity, m, n, and r be positive integers such that r ≤ min{m, n}, a 1, …, a r (resp. b 1, … b r ) be integers such that 1 ≤ a 1< … < a r ≤ m (resp. 1 ≤ b 1 < … < b r < n) and U (resp. V) be the most general m × r (resp. r × n) matrix such that s-minors of first a s ? 1 rows (resp. b s ? 1 columns) of U (resp. V) are all zero for s = 1, …, r. We investigate the B-algebra C generated by all the entries of UV and all the r-minors of U and V. We introduce a Hodge algebra structure, to which the discrete Hodge algebra associate is Cohen Macaulay, on C and prove that C is Cohen-Macaulay if so is B. Using this Hodge algebra structure, we show that C is the ring of absolute invariants of a certain group action, compute the divisor class group and the canonical class of C, and give a criterion of Gorenstein property of C in terms of a 1 ,…, a r and b 1…, b r . 相似文献
142.
Solid lipid monolayer domains surrounded by a fluid phase at an air-water interface exhibit complex shapes. These intriguing
shapes can be understood in terms of a competition between line tension and long-range dipole-dipole interaction. The dipolar
energy has recently been relevant to a negative line tension and a positive curvature energy at the boundary, and a corresponding
shape equation was derived by the variation of the approximated domain energy (Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 206101 (2004)). Here we further incorporate surface pressure into the shape equation and show that the equation can be analytically
solved: the curvature of the domain boundary is exactly obtained as an elliptic function of arc-length. We find that a circular
domain can grow into bean-and peach-like domains with pressure, i.e., dipping and cuspidal transitions of circle by compression. The comparison with the experimental observation shows nice agreement. 相似文献
143.
Mitsuhiro Iwasaki Yukatsu Shichibu Katsuaki Konishi 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(8):2465-2469
It is well known that alkynes act as π‐acids in the formation of complexes with metals. We found unprecedented attractive Au–π interactions in diacetylene‐modified [core+exo]‐type [Au8]4+ clusters. The 4‐phenyl‐1,3‐butadiynyl‐modified cluster has unusually short Au–Cα distances in the crystal structure, revealing the presence of attractive interactions between the coordinating C≡C moieties and the neighboring bitetrahedral Au6 core, which is further supported by IR and NMR spectra. Such weak interactions are not found in mono‐acetylene‐modified clusters, which indicates that they are specific for diacetylenic ligands. The attractive Au–π interactions are likely associated with the low energy of the π* orbital in the diacetylenic moieties, into which the valence electrons of the gold core may be back donated. The [Au8]4+ clusters show clear red‐shifts of >10 nm with respect to the corresponding mono‐acetylenic clusters in UV/Vis absorption bands, which indicates substantial electronic perturbation effects of the Au–π interactions. 相似文献
144.
Yuichiro Nishizawa Shusuke Matsui Kenji Urayama Takuma Kureha Mitsuhiro Shibayama Takayuki Uchihashi Daisuke Suzuki 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(26):8901-8905
Despite the tremendous efforts devoted to the structural analysis of hydrogel microspheres (microgels), many details of their structures remain unclear. Reported in this study is that thermoresponsive poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAm)‐based microgels exhibit not only the widely accepted core–shell structures, but also inhomogeneous decanano‐sized non‐thermoresponsive spherical domains within their dense cores, which was revealed by temperature‐controlled high‐speed atomic force microscopy (TC‐HS‐AFM). Based on a series of experiments, it is concluded that the non‐thermoresponsive domains are characteristic for pNIPAm microgels synthesized by precipitation polymerization, and plausible structures for microgels prepared by other polymerization techniques are proposed. 相似文献
145.
Copper overlayer formation on the Ni(1 1 0) surface was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in an ultrahigh vacuum. Atom-resolved STM images showed that initially deposited Cu is replaced with surface Ni atoms forming atom-size depressions on the Ni(1 1 0) terraces and a Ni-rich quasi-one-dimensional island along the direction. Further Cu deposition yields a mosaic structure on the islands, indicating Cu/Ni mixed layer formation. From the quantitative measurement of the Cu/Ni ratio on the substrate and the islands, impinging Cu will be replaced with surface Ni whereas expelled Ni and directly impinging Cu to the island form the mixed island. The number of Cu atoms in the islands, however, more than the directly impinging Cu, indicate significant Cu/Ni replacement at the periphery of the island. 相似文献
146.
Copper(II)–acid catalyzed cyclopropanation of electron-rich alkenes, such as 1,3-dienamides, with α-aryl diazoesters are described. The reaction could be performed without rare metal catalysts, excess substrate, or the need for the slow addition of the diazoesters. 相似文献
147.
148.
Yoshiaki Tsunawaki Mie Noguchi Mitsuhiro Kusaba Nobuhisa Ohigashi Masayuki Fujita Kazuo Imasaki Shin-ichiro Kuruma Kunioki Mima Sadao Nakai Chiyoe Yamanaka 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》1998,19(2):177-184
A hybrid planar wiggler with a period of 20 mm has been studied as the simplest one which gives the strong field including some higher harmonic components by selecting proper sizes of the ferromagnetic and the permanent magnet. Small gap length of the wiggler and small width of permendur satisfy these conditions to a certain degree.Gain analysis of FEL suggests that for high wiggler field of K>1 1.6, higher harmonic gains are improved primarily due to its strong field, and for low wiggler field of K< 1 1.6, they are mainly due to the modification of the wiggler field distribution. 相似文献
149.
Nobuya Iwamoto Norimasa Umesaki Shigeru Goto Teiichi Hanada Naohiro Soga 《Journal of Non》1985,70(1):177-185
The structure of Na2OGa2O3SiO2 glasses of four different compositions containing up to 45 mol. % Ga2O3 has been determined by the X-ray diffraction method. The radial distribution function D(r) obtained indicates that Ga3+ ions are in fourfold coordination and GaO4 tetrahedra are formed in these glasses. The reduced intensity function S·i(S) and radial distribution function D(r) which were calculated based on a structural model for A-25, 0.25(Ga2O3)·0.75(Na2O·2SiO2)/3 glass agreed well with the observed ones. 相似文献
150.
Kundu SK Matsunaga T Yoshida M Shibayama M 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2008,112(37):11537-11541
The hydrogel consisting of an oligomeric electrolyte, poly[pyridinium-1,4-diyl-iminocarbonyl-1,4-phenylenemethylene chloride] ( 1-Cl) underwent self-healing at temperatures lower than its gelation temperature after destruction of the gel network in a shear flow. The self-healing mechanism was investigated by rheological measurements on three different kinds of gels including a low-molecular weight organogelator and a polymeric hydrogelator. Although all of the three gels exhibited thermo-reversible hysteresis loops in the shear moduli, only 1-Cl hydrogel recovered its mechanical properties after vigorous agitation. It is conjectured that the self-healing is due to formation of network structure via a chlorine ion mediated hydrogen bond for which the activation energy is on the order of 10 kJ/mol. 相似文献