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101.
Aptamer‐based biosensors offer promising perspectives for high performance, specific detection of proteins. The thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) is a G‐quadruplex‐forming DNA sequence, which is frequently elongated at one end to increase its analytical performances in a biosensor configuration. Herein, we investigate how the elongation of TBA at its 5′ end affects its structure and stability. Circular dichroism spectroscopy shows that TBA folds in an antiparallel G‐quadruplex conformation with all studied cations (Ba2+, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+, NH4+, Sr2+ and the [Ru(NH3)6]2+/3+ redox marker) whereas other structures are adopted by the elongated aptamers in the presence of some of these cations. The stability of each structure is evaluated on the basis of UV spectroscopy melting curves. Thermal difference spectra confirm the quadruplex character of all conformations. The elongated sequences can adopt a parallel or an antiparallel structure, depending on the nature of the cation; this can potentially confer an ion‐sensitive switch behavior. This switch property is demonstrated with the frequently employed redox complex [Ru(NH3)6]3+, which induces the parallel conformation at very low concentrations (10 equiv per strand). The addition of large amounts of K+ reverts the conformation to the antiparallel form, and opens interesting perspectives for electrochemical biosensing or redox‐active responsive devices.  相似文献   
102.
We consider a three-dimensional Riemannian manifold equipped with two circulant structures—a metric g and a structure q, which is an isometry with respect to g and the third power of q is minus identity. We discuss some curvature properties of this manifold, we give an example of such a manifold and find a condition for q to be parallel with respect to the Riemannian connection of g.  相似文献   
103.
A method is described enabling to eliminate the spectral interference from alumina matrix onto As determination at the wavelength 189 nm by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with deuterium background correction. Matrix modification was performed by the addition of ammonium fluoride to protect the formation of aluminium oxide implicated in causing spectral interference and to increase volatility of alumina matrix via the formation of AlF3. Pre-treating of the pyrolytic graphite platform with a solution of rhodium and citric acid has enabled to stabilize the analyte up to temperature of 1300 °C at which most of AlF3 could be removed from the graphite furnace. The application of 2 μg of Rh + 20 μg of citric acid + 200 μg of NH4F has enabled an accurate and interference-free determination of As up to 40 μg of Al in the form of AlCl3 as verified by analytical recoveries study and resulted in characteristic mass and LOD value in the original sample 15 pg and 50 ng g−1, respectively (10-μL aliquots of sample).  相似文献   
104.
We have developed a method for the determination of melamine (MEL), ammeline (AMN), and ammelide (AMD) by surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). The major peaks for MEL, AMN, and AMD at m/z 127.07, 128.05, and 129.04 are assigned to the [MEL + H](+), [AMN + H](+), and [AMD + H](+) ions. Because the three tested compounds adsorb weakly onto the surfaces of the Au NPs through Au-N bonding, they can be easily concentrated from complex samples by applying a simple trapping/centrifugation process. The SALDI-MS method provides limits of detection of 5, 10, and 300 nM for MEL, AMN, and AMD, respectively, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The signal variation for 150-shot average spectra of the three analytes within the same spot was 15%, and the batch-to-batch variation was 20%. We have validated the practicality of this approach by the analysis of these three analytes in infant formula and grain powder. This simple and rapid SALDI-MS approach holds great potential for screening of MEL in foods.  相似文献   
105.
The metal-support interactions on a series of catalysts of different acidities, including platinum-modified zeolites and H-MCM-41, are investigated by means of XPS, CO and pyridine adsorption, and a model reaction (ring opening of decalin). The electronic properties of Pt are influenced by the acidity of the support, and the alteration of Pt properties increases with increasing acidity of the support, as can be seen from the changes in the Pt binding energy and stretching frequency of adsorbed CO. At the same time, the presence of platinum affects the acidic properties of the supports by reducing the strength of the acid sites. This is observed directly as the changes in desorption of pyridine from the acid sites and indirectly as the suppression of cracking reactions during the ring opening of decalin on the Pt-modified catalysts. The observed results are discussed in terms of the interatomic potential model.  相似文献   
106.
Low-energy isomeric states of 86Y were populated in the reaction 73Ge + 16O at 57MeV and were investigated by means of delayed n $ \gamma$ and $ \gamma$ $ \gamma$ coincidences. A half-life of 70(7)ns was measured for the 5- state at 208keV, yielding an exceptionally small B(M1) value of 2.0(7)×10-5 W.u. and a B(E2) value of 0.34(+24 -13) W.u. For the other three known isomeric states at 218, 243, and 302keV, the half-lives extracted from the present experimental data are in very good agreement with previous measurements. Given the newly observed isomeric character of the 5- 208keV state, the re-analysis of earlier experimental data on the 302keV isomer led to a new spin-parity assignment, 6+, for this state. In addition, this re-evaluation provided two g -factors, -0.083(3) and +0.63(2) , for the 208 and 302keV states, respectively. The results are discussed in terms of spherical-shell model calculations performed with a truncated space of configurations built on the f 5/2 , p 3/2 , p 1/2 , and g 9/2 valence orbitals. Effective spin, orbital, and “tensor” g -factors were determined empirically for protons and neutrons in the considered configuration space.  相似文献   
107.
108.
Gamma-ray coincidence techniques are used to determine new level structures in the N = 81 nucleus 139Ce, at low spins and excitation energies with the 139La(p, nγ) reaction at 5.0 and 6.0MeV incident energy, and at high spins with the 130Te(12C, 3nγ) reaction at 50.5MeV, respectively. Lifetime determinations are also made in the (p, nγ) reaction with the centroid DSA method. The observed level structures are discussed by comparison with existing calculations and with those in the neighbouring nucleus 140Ce.  相似文献   
109.
A multicell isoperibolic — semiadiabatic calorimeter was used for the measurement of temperature and the determination of the hydration heat evolution at earlier period of cement pastes setting and hardening. The measurements were aimed at the determination of the effect of superplasticizers (SPs) on the course of the Portland cement hydration. Commercial polycarboxylate SP was added to the mixtures and the heat effect was measured. With the increasing content of SP, the hydration temperature increased up to a certain value and then decreased. In case of a sufficient amount of water in the mixture to achieve complete hydration of cement, samples with the highest values of the maximum hydration temperature reached the highest values of the released total heat. If there is not a sufficient amount of water to achieve complete hydration, the samples with the highest values of the maximum hydration temperature reach the lowest values of the released total heat.  相似文献   
110.
Doxorubicin (DOX) belongs to the group of anthracycline antibiotics with very effective anticancer properties. On the other hand, the cardiotoxic effects limit its application over the maximum cumulative dose. To overcome this obstacle, encapsulation of this drug into the protective nanotransporter such as apoferritin is beneficial. In this study, fluorescent behavior of DOX in various solvents was determined by fluorescence spectrometry, demonstrating the fluorescence quenching effect of water, which is often used as a solvent. It was found that by increasing the amount of the organic phase in the DOX solvent the dynamic quenching is significantly suppressed. Ethanol, acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide were tested and the best linearity of the calibration curve was obtained when above 50 % of the solvent was present in the binary mixture with water. Moreover, pH influence on the DOX fluorescence was also observed within the range of 4–10. Two times higher fluorescence intensity was observed at pH 4 compared to pH 10. Further, the DOX behavior in capillary electrophoresis (CE) was investigated. Electrophoretic mobilities (CE) in various pH of the background electrolyte were determined within the range from 16.3 to ?13.3 × 10 ?9 m?2 V?1 s?1. Finally, CE was also used to monitor the encapsulation of DOX into the cavity of apoferritin as well as the pH-triggered release.  相似文献   
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